Windows 10使用Packer和qemu自动构建Windows Server 2016虚拟机镜像

朴灿烈づ我的快乐病毒、 2023-10-01 11:06 1阅读 0赞

安装Windows 版的 qemu

qemu-w64-setup-20211215.exe

将C:\\Program Files\\qemu加入当前用户PATH环境变量

{
      "_comment": "Build with `packer build windows.json`",
      "builders": [
        {
          "type": "qemu",
    
          "disk_size": "{
       { user `disk_size` }}",
    
          "floppy_files": "{
       { user `floppy_files_list` }}",
    
          "headless": "{
       { user `headless` }}",
          "http_directory": "http",
          "iso_checksum": "{
       { user `iso_checksum` }}",
          "iso_urls": [
            "{
       { user `iso_url` }}"
          ],
          "output_directory": "output-{
       { user `vm_name` }}",
          "shutdown_command": "shutdown /s /t 10 /f /d p:4:1 /c \"Packer Shutdown\"",
    
          "communicator": "winrm",
          "winrm_username": "vagrant",
          "winrm_password": "vagrant",
          "winrm_timeout": "10000h",
    
          "boot_wait": "2s",
          "vm_name": "{
       { user `vm_name` }}",
          "qemuargs": [
            [ "-m", "{
       { user `memory` }}" ],
            [ "-smp", "cpus={
       { user `cpus`}}"]
          ]
        }
      ],
        "provisioners": [
            {
                "type": "windows-shell",
                "inline": ["dir c:\\"]
            }
        ],
    
      "variables": {
        "disk_size": "65536",
        "cpus" : "2",
        "memory" : "2048",
        "headless": "false",
        "iso_checksum_type": "md5",
        "iso_checksum": "c1f8c8325e88f4687eabc4c60a6c3fcb",
        "iso_url": "F:/SOFTWARE/SW_DVD9_Win_Svr_STD_Core_and_DataCtr_Core_2016_64Bit_ChnSimp_-2_MLF_X21-22842.iso",
        "preseed" : "windows-2016-standard/*",
        "vagrantfile_template" : "vagrantfile-windows-2016-standard.template",
        "version" : "1",
        "vm_name": "windows-2016",
        "floppy_files_list" : "floppy/drivers/virtio-win-0.1.135/viostor/2k16/amd64/*,floppy/drivers/virtio-win-0.1.135/NetKVM/2k16/amd64/*,floppy/common/*,floppy/windows-2016-standard/*"
      }
    }

Autounattend.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <unattend xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend">
        <settings pass="windowsPE">
        
        <component name="Microsoft-Windows-PnpCustomizationsWinPE" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
          <DriverPaths>
            <PathAndCredentials wcm:keyValue="1" wcm:action="add">
              <Path>A:\</Path>
            </PathAndCredentials>
          </DriverPaths>
        </component>
            <component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core-WinPE" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                <SetupUILanguage>
                    <UILanguage>zh-CN</UILanguage>
                </SetupUILanguage>
                <InputLocale>zh-CN</InputLocale>
                <SystemLocale>zh-CN</SystemLocale>
                <UILanguage>zh-CN</UILanguage>
                <UILanguageFallback>zh-CN</UILanguageFallback>
                <UserLocale>zh-CN</UserLocale>
            </component>
            <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                <DiskConfiguration>
                    <Disk wcm:action="add">
                        <CreatePartitions>
                            <CreatePartition wcm:action="add">
                                <Type>Primary</Type>
                                <Order>1</Order>
                                <Size>350</Size>
                            </CreatePartition>
                            <CreatePartition wcm:action="add">
                                <Order>2</Order>
                                <Type>Primary</Type>
                                <Extend>true</Extend>
                            </CreatePartition>
                        </CreatePartitions>
                        <ModifyPartitions>
                            <ModifyPartition wcm:action="add">
                                <Active>true</Active>
                                <Format>NTFS</Format>
                                <Label>boot</Label>
                                <Order>1</Order>
                                <PartitionID>1</PartitionID>
                            </ModifyPartition>
                            <ModifyPartition wcm:action="add">
                                <Format>NTFS</Format>
                                <Label>Windows 2016</Label>
                                <Letter>C</Letter>
                                <Order>2</Order>
                                <PartitionID>2</PartitionID>
                            </ModifyPartition>
                        </ModifyPartitions>
                        <DiskID>0</DiskID>
                        <WillWipeDisk>true</WillWipeDisk>
                    </Disk>
                </DiskConfiguration>
                <ImageInstall>
                    <OSImage>
                        <InstallFrom>
                            <MetaData wcm:action="add">
                                <Key>/IMAGE/NAME</Key>
                                <Value>Windows Server 2016 SERVERDATACENTER</Value>
                            </MetaData>
                        </InstallFrom>
                        <InstallTo>
                            <DiskID>0</DiskID>
                            <PartitionID>2</PartitionID>
                        </InstallTo>
                    </OSImage>
                </ImageInstall>
                <UserData>
                    
                    <ProductKey>
                        
                        
                        <Key>6CNGG-BJP34-H923Y-6DMWR-37BMF</Key>
                        <WillShowUI>OnError</WillShowUI>
                    </ProductKey>
                    <AcceptEula>true</AcceptEula>
                    <FullName>Vagrant</FullName>
                    <Organization>Vagrant</Organization>
                </UserData>
            </component>
        </settings>
        <settings pass="specialize">
            <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                <OEMInformation>
                    <HelpCustomized>false</HelpCustomized>
                </OEMInformation>
                <ComputerName>vagrant-2016</ComputerName>
                <TimeZone>China Standard Time</TimeZone>
                <RegisteredOwner/>
            </component>
            <component name="Microsoft-Windows-ServerManager-SvrMgrNc" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                <DoNotOpenServerManagerAtLogon>true</DoNotOpenServerManagerAtLogon>
            </component>
            <component name="Microsoft-Windows-IE-ESC" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                <IEHardenAdmin>false</IEHardenAdmin>
                <IEHardenUser>false</IEHardenUser>
            </component>
            <component name="Microsoft-Windows-OutOfBoxExperience" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                <DoNotOpenInitialConfigurationTasksAtLogon>true</DoNotOpenInitialConfigurationTasksAtLogon>
            </component>
            <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Security-SPP-UX" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                <SkipAutoActivation>true</SkipAutoActivation>
            </component>
            <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Deployment" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                <RunSynchronous>
                    <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                        <Order>1</Order>
                        <Description>Set Execution Policy 64 Bit</Description>
                        <Path>cmd.exe /c powershell -Command "Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Force"</Path>
                    </RunSynchronousCommand>
                    <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                        <Order>2</Order>
                        <Description>Set Execution Policy 32 Bit</Description>
                        <Path>cmd.exe /c powershell -Command "Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Force"</Path>
                    </RunSynchronousCommand>
                    
                </RunSynchronous>
            </component>
        </settings>
        <settings pass="oobeSystem">
            <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                <AutoLogon>
                    <Password>
                        <Value>vagrant</Value>
                        <PlainText>true</PlainText>
                    </Password>
                    <Enabled>true</Enabled>
                    <Username>vagrant</Username>
                </AutoLogon>
                <FirstLogonCommands>
                    <SynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                        <Order>1</Order>
                        <CommandLine>cmd.exe /c a:\vmtools.cmd</CommandLine>
                        <RequiresUserInput>true</RequiresUserInput>
                    </SynchronousCommand>
                </FirstLogonCommands>
                <OOBE>
                    <HideEULAPage>true</HideEULAPage>
                    <HideLocalAccountScreen>true</HideLocalAccountScreen>
                    <HideOEMRegistrationScreen>true</HideOEMRegistrationScreen>
                    <HideOnlineAccountScreens>true</HideOnlineAccountScreens>
                    <HideWirelessSetupInOOBE>true</HideWirelessSetupInOOBE>
                    <NetworkLocation>Home</NetworkLocation>
                    <ProtectYourPC>1</ProtectYourPC>
                </OOBE>
                <UserAccounts>
                    <AdministratorPassword>
                        <Value>vagrant</Value>
                        <PlainText>true</PlainText>
                    </AdministratorPassword>
                    <LocalAccounts>
                        <LocalAccount wcm:action="add">
                            <Password>
                                <Value>vagrant</Value>
                                <PlainText>true</PlainText>
                            </Password>
                            <Group>administrators</Group>
                            <DisplayName>Vagrant</DisplayName>
                            <Name>vagrant</Name>
                            <Description>Vagrant User</Description>
                        </LocalAccount>
                    </LocalAccounts>
                </UserAccounts>
                <RegisteredOwner />
            </component>
        </settings>
        <settings pass="offlineServicing">
            <component name="Microsoft-Windows-LUA-Settings" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                <EnableLUA>false</EnableLUA>
            </component>
        </settings>
        <cpi:offlineImage cpi:source="wim:c:/wim/install.wim#Windows Server 2012 R2 SERVERSTANDARD" xmlns:cpi="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:cpi" />
    </unattend>

运行命令packer.exe build WindowsServer2016.Json

![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16][]

由于Windows上qemu全模拟，运行十分缓慢，比嵌套的Linux上运行慢的多。

[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/8c7c2c22daae4477afa3a94f39439b8f.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg==,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16