Windows 10使用 Packer 和 VMware Player 自动构建CentOS 8虚拟机镜像

朴灿烈づ我的快乐病毒、 2023-10-01 11:07 9阅读 0赞

下载适用于 Windows 的 qemu-img

[https://cloudbase.it/downloads/qemu-img-win-x64-2\_3\_0.zip][https_cloudbase.it_downloads_qemu-img-win-x64-2_3_0.zip]

下载后解压文件到 packer.exe相同的工作目录

或者安装Windows 的 qemu

qemu-w64-setup-20211215.exe

json文件中需要设置"headless": true, 设置false时启动VMware Player 界面后迅速退出：

{
      "variables": {
          "boot_wait": "5s",
          "disk_size": "40960",
          "iso_checksum": "none",
          "iso_url": "file://F:\\CentOS-Stream-8-x86_64-20211206-dvd1.iso",
          "memsize": "1024",
          "numvcpus": "1",
          "ssh_password" : "packer",
          "ssh_username" : "packer",
          "vm_name": "CentOS-Stream-8-x86_64-20211206"
        },
        "builders": [
          {
            "type": "vmware-iso",
            "boot_command": [
              "<tab><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>text ks=http://{
       { .HTTPIP }}:{
       { .HTTPPort }}/ks.cfg<enter><wait>"
            ],
            "boot_wait": "{
       { user `boot_wait` }}",
            "disk_size": "{
       { user `disk_size` }}",
            "disk_type_id": "0",
            "guest_os_type": "centos-64",
            "headless": true,
            "http_directory": "http",
            "iso_checksum": "{
       { user `iso_checksum` }}",
            "iso_url": "{
       { user `iso_url` }}",
            "shutdown_command": "echo 'packer'|sudo -S /sbin/halt -h -p",
            "ssh_password": "{
       { user `ssh_password` }}",
            "ssh_port": 22,
            "ssh_username": "{
       { user `ssh_username` }}",
            "ssh_timeout": "30000h",
            "vm_name": "{
       { user `vm_name` }}",
            "vmx_data": {
              "memsize": "{
       { user `memsize` }}",
              "numvcpus": "{
       { user `numvcpus` }}",
              "virtualHW.version": "14"
            }
          },
          {
            "type": "virtualbox-iso",
            "boot_command": [
              "<tab><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>text ks=http://{
       { .HTTPIP }}:{
       { .HTTPPort }}/ks.cfg<enter><wait>"
            ],
            "boot_wait": "{
       { user `boot_wait` }}",
            "disk_size": "{
       { user `disk_size` }}",
            "guest_os_type": "RedHat_64",
            "headless": false,
            "http_directory": "http",
            "iso_checksum": "{
       { user `iso_checksum` }}",
            "iso_url": "{
       { user `iso_url` }}",
            "shutdown_command": "echo 'packer'|sudo -S /sbin/halt -h -p",
            "ssh_password": "{
       { user `ssh_password` }}",
            "ssh_port": 22,
            "ssh_username": "{
       { user `ssh_username` }}",
            "ssh_timeout": "30m",
            "vm_name": "{
       { user `vm_name` }}",
            "vboxmanage": [
              ["modifyvm", "{
       {.Name}}", "--memory", "{
       { user `memsize` }}"],
              ["modifyvm", "{
       {.Name}}", "--cpus", "{
       { user `numvcpus` }}"]
            ]
          }
        ],
      "provisioners": [
        {
          "type": "shell",
          "inline": ["echo 'packer'|sudo -S df -hT"]
        }
      ]
    }

ks.cfg

#version=RHEL8
    # Use graphical install
    graphical
    
    repo --name="AppStream" --baseurl=file:///run/install/sources/mount-0000-cdrom/AppStream
    
    %packages
    @^minimal-environment
    kexec-tools
    
    %end
    
    # Keyboard layouts
    keyboard --xlayouts='cn'
    # System language
    lang zh_CN.UTF-8
    
    # Network information
    network  --hostname=localhost.localdomain
    
    # Use CDROM installation media
    cdrom
    
    # Run the Setup Agent on first boot
    firstboot --enable
    
    ignoredisk --only-use=sda
    autopart
    # Partition clearing information
    clearpart --none --initlabel
    
    
    reboot --eject
    
    # System timezone
    timezone America/New_York --isUtc
    
    network --device ens160 --onboot yes --bootproto dhcp --activate --noipv6 --hostname=CentOS8Packer
    
    # Root password
    rootpw --iscrypted $6$qC9lB22EyX3vb0wO$z/XXG4NZvVMz1wEFNfwYig9t0sYhzFMIfXkNfNAoBqxjfCY1USH2POrBnowaIC5w5QG0oYFnW3Ml6Ker/718y1
    user --groups=wheel --name=packer --password=$6$AFD79/F4mP11CTLX$YgD6rTSaDj/kI0OIe22JhrlhYkBxMuut3phOGjQVx6IAtYrwGiVMAkEIY7HNWIiwi3r1JxZRlYJZ8vqJUtkZN0 --iscrypted --gecos="packer"
    
    %addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
    
    %end
    
    %anaconda
    pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
    pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
    pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
    %end

运行命令packer.exe build opensuse153.json后按提示记下VNC端口和密码；

运行vncviewer64-1.10.1.exe，输入IP地址端口，密码后可以查看安装过程；

输出：

F:\packer-CentOS8Stream>packer.exe build -only=vmware-iso centos8.json
    Warning: Warning when preparing build: "vmware-iso"
    
    A checksum of 'none' was specified. Since ISO files are so big,
    a checksum is highly recommended.
    
    Warning: Warning when preparing build: "vmware-iso"
    
    Your vmx data contains the following variable(s), which Packer normally sets
    when it generates its own default vmx template. This may cause your build to
    fail or behave unpredictably: numvcpus, memsize, virtualHW.version
    
    
    vmware-iso: output will be in this color.
    
    ==> vmware-iso: Retrieving ISO
    ==> vmware-iso: Trying file://F:\CentOS-Stream-8-x86_64-20211206-dvd1.iso
    ==> vmware-iso: Trying file://F:/CentOS-Stream-8-x86_64-20211206-dvd1.iso
    ==> vmware-iso: file://F:/CentOS-Stream-8-x86_64-20211206-dvd1.iso => F:/CentOS-Stream-8-x86_64-20211206-dvd1.iso
    ==> vmware-iso: Configuring output and export directories...
    ==> vmware-iso: Creating required virtual machine disks
    ==> vmware-iso: Building and writing VMX file
    ==> vmware-iso: Starting HTTP server on port 8000
    ==> vmware-iso: Starting virtual machine...
        vmware-iso: The VM will be run headless, without a GUI. If you want to
        vmware-iso: view the screen of the VM, connect via VNC with the password "Bvpc4sFE" to
        vmware-iso: vnc://127.0.0.1:5935
    ==> vmware-iso: Connecting to VNC...
    ==> vmware-iso: Waiting 5s for boot...
    ==> vmware-iso: Typing the boot command over VNC...
    ==> vmware-iso: Waiting for SSH to become available...
    ==> vmware-iso: Connected to SSH!
    ==> vmware-iso: Provisioning with shell script: C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\packer-shell4232246848
    ==> vmware-iso:
    ==> vmware-iso: 我们信任您已经从系统管理员那里了解了日常注意事项。
    ==> vmware-iso: 总结起来无外乎这三点：
    ==> vmware-iso:
    ==> vmware-iso:     #1) 尊重别人的隐私。
    ==> vmware-iso:     #2) 输入前要先考虑(后果和风险)。
    ==> vmware-iso:     #3) 权力越大，责任越大。
    ==> vmware-iso:
        vmware-iso: 文件系统            类型      容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
        vmware-iso: devtmpfs            devtmpfs  386M     0  386M    0% /dev
        vmware-iso: tmpfs               tmpfs     405M     0  405M    0% /dev/shm
        vmware-iso: tmpfs               tmpfs     405M  5.7M  399M    2% /run
        vmware-iso: tmpfs               tmpfs     405M     0  405M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
        vmware-iso: /dev/mapper/cs-root xfs        37G  1.7G   36G    5% /
        vmware-iso: /dev/sda1           xfs      1014M  181M  834M   18% /boot
    ==> vmware-iso: [sudo] packer 的密码：
        vmware-iso: tmpfs               tmpfs      81M     0   81M    0% /run/user/1000
    ==> vmware-iso: Gracefully halting virtual machine...
        vmware-iso: Waiting for VMware to clean up after itself...
    ==> vmware-iso: Deleting unnecessary VMware files...
        vmware-iso: Deleting: output-vmware-iso\vmware.log
    ==> vmware-iso: Compacting all attached virtual disks...
        vmware-iso: Compacting virtual disk 1
    ==> vmware-iso: Cleaning VMX prior to finishing up...
        vmware-iso: Disabling VNC server...
    ==> vmware-iso: Skipping export of virtual machine...
    Build 'vmware-iso' finished after 12 minutes 9 seconds.
    
    ==> Wait completed after 12 minutes 9 seconds
    
    ==> Builds finished. The artifacts of successful builds are:
    --> vmware-iso: VM files in directory: output-vmware-iso
    
    F:\packer-CentOS8Stream>

[https_cloudbase.it_downloads_qemu-img-win-x64-2_3_0.zip]: https://cloudbase.it/downloads/qemu-img-win-x64-2_3_0.zip