time库攻略——Python

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2023-02-20 13:42 28阅读 0赞

这一章简单学习time库的使用。

**time库包括三类函数**

*  时间获取：time() ctime() gmtime()
 *  时间格式化：strftime() strptime()
 *  程序计时：sleep(), perf\_counter()  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDc3NTI1NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDc3NTI1NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

**时间获取：**

*  time() 获取当前时间戳，即计算机内部时间值，浮点数
 *  ctime() 获取当前时间并以易读方式表示，返回字符串
 *  gmtime() 获取当前时间，表示为计算机可处理的时间格式

**时间格式化**

1.  strftime(tpl, ts) tpl是格式化模板字符串，用来定义输出效果， ts是计算机内部时间类型变量；
2.  strptime(str, tpl) str是字符串形式的时间值，tpl是格式化模板字符串，用来定义输入效果。

>>> import time
    >>> time.time()
    1593247828.3276818
    >>> time.gmtime()
    time.struct_time(tm_year=2020, tm_mon=6, tm_mday=27,
    tm_hour=8, tm_min=50, tm_sec=45, tm_wday=5, tm_yday=179, tm_isdst=0)
    >>> time.ctime()
    'Sat Jun 27 16:50:53 2020'
    >>> t = time.gmtime()
    >>> time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %A",t)
    '2020-06-27 08:52:20 Saturday'
    >>> time.strptime(timeStr, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    time.struct_time(tm_year=2020, tm_mon=6, tm_mday=26, 
    tm_hour=16, tm_min=55, tm_sec=20, tm_wday=4, tm_yday=178, tm_isdst=-1)

**程序计时应用广泛**

*  程序计时指测量起止动作所经历时间的过程
 *  测量时间：perf\_counter()
 *  产生时间：sleep  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDc3NTI1NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

import time
    >>> start = time.perf_counter()
    >>> end = time.perf_counter()
    >>> end - start
    9.844090000000051
    >>> 
    >>>def wait():
    	 time.sleep(3.3)
    	 print("沉睡")
    >>>wait() #程序将等待3.3秒后再退出
    沉睡
    >>>

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