percona-toolkit工具包的安装和初步使用

小鱼儿 2022-08-06 11:27 399阅读 0赞

一、percona-toolkit工具简介

percona-toolkit简称“PT工具”，是一组高级命令行工具的集合，用来执行各种通过手工执行非常复杂和麻烦的mysql和系统任务，这些任务包括：

检查master和slave数据的一致性

有效地对记录进行归档

查找重复的索引

对服务器信息进行汇总

分析来自日志和tcpdump的查询

当系统出问题的时候收集重要的系统信息

percona-toolkit源自Maatkit 和Aspersa工具，这两个工具是管理mysql的最有名的工具，现在Maatkit工具已经不维护了，请大家还是使用percona-toolkit吧！这些工具主要包括开发、性能、配置、监控、复制、系统、实用六大类，作为一个优秀的DBA，里面有的工具非常有用，如果能掌握并加以灵活应用，将能极大的提高工作效率。

二、percona-toolkit安装步骤与过程

我的环境是CentOS 6.5系统+ MySQL 5.5.35，可以按照下面的步骤安装pt工具。

**1.检查和安装与Perl相关的模块**

PT工具是使用Perl语言编写和执行的，所以需要系统中有Perl环境。

依赖包检查命令为：

rpm -qa perl-DBI perl-DBD-MySQL perl-Time-HiRes perl-IO-Socket-SSL

如果有依赖包确实，可以使用下面的命令安装：

yum install perl-DBI

yum install perl-DBD-MySQL

yum install perl-Time-HiRes

yum install perl-IO-Socket-SSL

**2.percona-toolkit工具的下载和安装**

pt工具目前最新版本为 2.2.12 ，可以通过下面的连接下载：

[http://download.csdn.net/detail/yumushui/8379565][http_download.csdn.net_detail_yumushui_8379565]

也可以可以在官方下载最新版本：

wget percona.com/get/percona\-toolkit.tar.gz

wget percona.com/get/percona\-toolkit.rpm

**A. percona-toolkit****的rpm安装方式**

rpm -ivh perl-TermReadKey-2.30-1.el5.rf.x86\_64.rpm

rpm -ivh percona-toolkit-2.1.1-1.noarch.rpm

注意：需要安装Term::ReadKey 包，否则会报perl(Term::ReadKey) >= 2.10 is needed by percona-toolkit-2.1.1-1.noarch错误

**B. percona-toolkit****的编译安装方式**

tar xzvf percona-toolkit-2.1.1.tar.gz

cd percona-toolkit-2.1.1

perl Makefile.PL

make

make test

make install

安装后，可以通过下面的命令确认是否安装成功：

\# pt-query-digest --help

\# pt-table-checksum --help

如果命令提示可以正常显示，则说明pt工具已经正常安装和使用了。

\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*

下面是我在一台服务器上的具体安装过程：

# wget percona.com/get/percona-toolkit.tar.gz 
    --2014-09-16 16:55:46-- http://percona.com/get/percona-toolkit.tar.gz 
    Resolving percona.com... 74.121.199.234 
    Connecting to percona.com|74.121.199.234|:80... connected. 
    HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found 
    Location: http://www.percona.com/get/percona-toolkit.tar.gz [following] 
    --2014-09-16 16:55:49-- http://www.percona.com/get/percona-toolkit.tar.gz 
    Resolving www.percona.com... 74.121.199.234 
    Reusing existing connection to percona.com:80. 
    HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found 
    Location: http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-toolkit/2.2.10/tarball/percona-toolkit-2.2.10.tar.gz [following] 
    --2014-09-16 16:55:57-- http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-toolkit/2.2.10/tarball/percona-toolkit-2.2.10.tar.gz 
    Reusing existing connection to percona.com:80. 
    HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK 
    Length: 1389083 (1.3M) [application/x-gzip] 
    Saving to: “percona-toolkit-2.2.10.tar.gz” 
    
    100%[==========================================================================================>] 1,389,083 253K/s in 
    8.0s 
    
    2014-09-16 16:56:05 (170 KB/s) - “percona-toolkit-2.2.10.tar.gz” saved [1389083/1389083] 
    
    # perl Makefile.PL 
    Checking if your kit is complete... 
    Looks good 
    Writing Makefile for percona-toolkit 
    [root@nagios percona-toolkit-2.2.10]# make 
    cp bin/pt-mysql-summary blib/script/pt-mysql-summary 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-mysql-summary 
    cp bin/pt-pmp blib/script/pt-pmp 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-pmp 
    cp bin/pt-kill blib/script/pt-kill 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-kill 
    cp bin/pt-online-schema-change blib/script/pt-online-schema-change 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-online-schema-change 
    cp bin/pt-align blib/script/pt-align 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-align 
    cp bin/pt-heartbeat blib/script/pt-heartbeat 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-heartbeat 
    cp bin/pt-table-sync blib/script/pt-table-sync 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-table-sync 
    cp bin/pt-upgrade blib/script/pt-upgrade 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-upgrade 
    cp bin/pt-table-usage blib/script/pt-table-usage 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-table-usage 
    cp bin/pt-slave-delay blib/script/pt-slave-delay 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-slave-delay 
    cp bin/pt-sift blib/script/pt-sift 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-sift 
    cp bin/pt-fifo-split blib/script/pt-fifo-split 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-fifo-split 
    cp bin/pt-slave-find blib/script/pt-slave-find 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-slave-find 
    cp bin/pt-ioprofile blib/script/pt-ioprofile 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-ioprofile 
    cp bin/pt-diskstats blib/script/pt-diskstats 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-diskstats 
    cp bin/pt-find blib/script/pt-find 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-find 
    cp bin/pt-archiver blib/script/pt-archiver 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-archiver 
    cp bin/pt-deadlock-logger blib/script/pt-deadlock-logger 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-deadlock-logger 
    cp bin/pt-fingerprint blib/script/pt-fingerprint 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-fingerprint 
    cp bin/pt-visual-explain blib/script/pt-visual-explain 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-visual-explain 
    cp bin/pt-variable-advisor blib/script/pt-variable-advisor 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-variable-advisor 
    cp bin/pt-mext blib/script/pt-mext 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-mext 
    cp bin/pt-index-usage blib/script/pt-index-usage 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-index-usage 
    cp bin/pt-slave-restart blib/script/pt-slave-restart 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-slave-restart 
    cp bin/pt-summary blib/script/pt-summary 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-summary 
    cp bin/pt-duplicate-key-checker blib/script/pt-duplicate-key-checker 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-duplicate-key-checker 
    cp bin/pt-fk-error-logger blib/script/pt-fk-error-logger 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-fk-error-logger 
    cp bin/pt-table-checksum blib/script/pt-table-checksum 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-table-checksum 
    cp bin/pt-query-digest blib/script/pt-query-digest 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-query-digest 
    cp bin/pt-show-grants blib/script/pt-show-grants 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-show-grants 
    cp bin/pt-config-diff blib/script/pt-config-diff 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-config-diff 
    cp bin/pt-stalk blib/script/pt-stalk 
    /usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/pt-stalk 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-mysql-summary.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-kill.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-online-schema-change.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-table-sync.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-upgrade.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-table-usage.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-fifo-split.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-slave-find.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-ioprofile.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-find.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-archiver.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-deadlock-logger.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-fingerprint.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-mext.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-slave-restart.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-summary.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-fk-error-logger.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-table-checksum.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-query-digest.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-show-grants.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/percona-toolkit.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-pmp.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-align.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-heartbeat.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-slave-delay.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-sift.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-diskstats.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-visual-explain.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-variable-advisor.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-index-usage.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-duplicate-key-checker.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-config-diff.1p 
    Manifying blib/man1/pt-stalk.1p 
    [root@nagios percona-toolkit-2.2.10]# 
    # 
    [root@nagios percona-toolkit-2.2.10]# make test 
    No tests defined for percona-toolkit extension. 
    [root@nagios percona-toolkit-2.2.10]# 
    [root@nagios percona-toolkit-2.2.10]# make install 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-summary.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-ioprofile.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-query-digest.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-sift.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-align.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-find.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-table-checksum.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-slave-restart.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-duplicate-key-checker.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-stalk.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-fk-error-logger.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-config-diff.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-table-usage.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-diskstats.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-visual-explain.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-show-grants.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-kill.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-archiver.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-upgrade.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-mext.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-slave-delay.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-heartbeat.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-mysql-summary.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-online-schema-change.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-fifo-split.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-variable-advisor.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-slave-find.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-fingerprint.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/percona-toolkit.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-pmp.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-deadlock-logger.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-index-usage.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/pt-table-sync.1p 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-variable-advisor 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-visual-explain 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-slave-restart 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-align 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-fk-error-logger 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-duplicate-key-checker 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-heartbeat 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-table-usage 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-upgrade 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-archiver 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-find 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-kill 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-ioprofile 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-query-digest 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-slave-delay 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-fingerprint 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-table-checksum 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-summary 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-pmp 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-fifo-split 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-online-schema-change 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-slave-find 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-table-sync 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-stalk 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-diskstats 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-sift 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-show-grants 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-mysql-summary 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-config-diff 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-index-usage 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-deadlock-logger 
    Installing /usr/local/bin/pt-mext 
    Appending installation info to /usr/lib64/perl5/perllocal.pod 
    [root@nagios percona-toolkit-2.2.10]# 
    [root@nagios percona-toolkit-2.2.10]#

三、percona-toolkit命令的整体分类和作用概述

在最新的 pt 2.2.12 版本安装完毕后，一共有如下命令：

\# pwd   
/usr/local/percona-toolkit-2.2.12/bin   
\#   
\# ll   
total 5352   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 40852 Nov 11 21:36 pt-align   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 247292 Nov 11 21:36 pt-archiver   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 166888 Nov 11 21:36 pt-config-diff   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 164033 Nov 11 21:36 pt-deadlock-logger   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 163722 Nov 11 21:36 pt-diskstats   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 166921 Nov 11 21:36 pt-duplicate-key-checker   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 49262 Nov 11 21:36 pt-fifo-split   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 148347 Nov 11 21:36 pt-find   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 66409 Nov 11 21:36 pt-fingerprint   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 131003 Nov 11 21:36 pt-fk-error-logger   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 190538 Nov 11 21:36 pt-heartbeat   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 224641 Nov 11 21:36 pt-index-usage   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 32276 Nov 11 21:36 pt-ioprofile   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 245236 Nov 11 21:36 pt-kill   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 21684 Nov 11 21:36 pt-mext   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 100494 Nov 11 21:36 pt-mysql-summary   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 368714 Nov 11 21:36 pt-online-schema-change   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 24525 Nov 11 21:36 pt-pmp   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 516529 Nov 11 21:36 pt-query-digest   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 72384 Nov 11 21:36 pt-show-grants   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 37651 Nov 11 21:36 pt-sift   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 144190 Nov 11 21:36 pt-slave-delay   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 125951 Nov 11 21:36 pt-slave-find   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 178193 Nov 11 21:36 pt-slave-restart   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 69227 Nov 11 21:36 pt-stalk   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 89799 Nov 11 21:36 pt-summary   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 409966 Nov 11 21:36 pt-table-checksum   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 394568 Nov 11 21:36 pt-table-sync   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 222447 Nov 11 21:36 pt-table-usage   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 328098 Nov 11 21:36 pt-upgrade   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 175665 Nov 11 21:36 pt-variable-advisor   
\-rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 1000 101492 Nov 11 21:36 pt-visual-explain   
\#   
\# ls | wc   
32 32 455

现有的32个命令，可以分为7大类：

<table style="font-size:undefined; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:10px; margin-bottom:10px; background-color:inherit; width:723px"> 
 <tbody style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:rgb(191,191,191); width:84.8pt"> 工具类别 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:rgb(191,191,191); width:205px"> 工具命令 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:rgb(191,191,191); width:344px"> 工具作用 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:rgb(191,191,191); width:111px"> 备注 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:84.8pt"> 开发类 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-duplicate-key-checker </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 列出并删除重复的索引和外键 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-online-schema-change </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 在线修改表结构 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-query-advisor </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 分析查询语句，并给出建议，有bug </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 已废弃 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-show-grants </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 规范化和打印权限 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-upgrade </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 在多个服务器上执行查询，并比较不同 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:84.8pt"> 性能类 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-index-usage </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 分析日志中索引使用情况，并出报告 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-pmp </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 为查询结果跟踪，并汇总跟踪结果 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-visual-explain </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 格式化执行计划 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-table-usage </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 分析日志中查询并分析表使用情况 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> pt 2.2新增命令 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:84.8pt"> 配置类 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-config-diff </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 比较配置文件和参数 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-mysql-summary </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 对mysql配置和status进行汇总 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
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 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-variable-advisor </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 分析参数，并提出建议 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:84.8pt"> 监控类 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-deadlock-logger </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 提取和记录mysql死锁信息 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-fk-error-logger </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 提取和记录外键信息 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
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 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-mext </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 并行查看status样本信息 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-query-digest </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 分析查询日志，并产生报告 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 常用命令 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-trend </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 按照时间段读取slow日志信息 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 已废弃 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:84.8pt"> 复制类 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:34px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-heartbeat </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:34px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 监控mysql复制延迟 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:34px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
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 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-slave-delay </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 设定从落后主的时间 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-slave-find </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 查找和打印所有mysql复制层级关系 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-slave-restart </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 监控salve错误，并尝试重启salve </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
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 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-table-checksum </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 校验主从复制一致性 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-table-sync </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 高效同步表数据 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:84.8pt"> 系统类 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-diskstats </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 查看系统磁盘状态 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-fifo-split </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 模拟切割文件并输出 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-summary </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 收集和显示系统概况 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-stalk </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 出现问题时，收集诊断数据 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-sift </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 浏览由pt-stalk创建的文件 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> pt 2.2新增命令 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-ioprofile </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 查询进程IO并打印一个IO活动表 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> pt 2.2新增命令 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:84.8pt"> 实用类 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-archiver </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 将表数据归档到另一个表或文件中 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-find </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 查找表并执行命令 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-kill </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> Kill掉符合条件的sql </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> 
 <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
 常用命令 
 </div> </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-align </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 对齐其他工具的输出 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> pt 2.2新增命令 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:205px"> pt-fingerprint </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:344px"> 将查询转成密文 </td> 
 <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:111px"> pt 2.2新增命令 </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

上面是pt工具各个命令的基本功能介绍，可以使用 command --help 来查看每个命令的具体作用和使用方法；

有的命令也可以使用 man command 命令查询相关命令详细信息。

目前使用的比较多的命令是： pt-query-digest ，pt-kill等命令。

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