Git 使用源代码包编译、配置部署和使用 && 使用包管理工具安装

港控/mmm° 2023-07-04 08:50 23阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*   *  目录准备
     *  编译安装
     *  使用测试
     *  使用包管理工具安装、卸载、查询安装位置

## 目录准备 ##

使用普通用户执行一下即可。如`wuyujin`。(新建用户命令：`useradd wuyujin`)

*  下载 `wget https://codeload.github.com/git/git/zip/master`  
    更多版本见[https://github.com/git/git][https_github.com_git_git]  
    安装文档见[https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/INSTALL][https_github.com_git_git_blob_master_INSTALL]
 *  解压 `unzip git-master.zip`
 *  进入目录 `cd cd git-master/`

## 编译安装 ##

*  编译 `make prefix=/usr all doc info`  
    加的参数是为了全局安装，而非只为当前用户安装。
    
     *  报错：`fatal error: openssl/ssl.h: No such file or directory`  
        安装`libssl-dev`
     *  报错：`fatal error: zlib.h: No such file or directory`  
        安装`zlib1g-dev`
     *  报错：`fatal error: curl/curl.h: No such file or directory`  
        安装`libcurl4-gnutls-dev`
     *  报错：`fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory`  
        安装`libexpat1-dev`

重新执行`make prefix=/usr all doc info`，输出如下：

wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads/git-master$ make prefix=/usr all doc info ;# as yourself
        SUBDIR git-gui
        SUBDIR gitk-git
        SUBDIR templates
    make -C Documentation all
    make[1]: Entering directory '/home/wuyujin/Downloads/git-master/Documentation'
    make[2]: Entering directory '/home/wuyujin/Downloads/git-master'
    make[2]: 'GIT-VERSION-FILE' is up to date.
    make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/wuyujin/Downloads/git-master'
        ASCIIDOC git-merge-index.html
    /bin/sh: 2: asciidoc: Permission denied
    Makefile:363: recipe for target 'git-merge-index.html' failed
    make[1]: *** [git-merge-index.html] Error 127
    make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/wuyujin/Downloads/git-master/Documentation'
    Makefile:2503: recipe for target 'doc' failed
    make: *** [doc] Error 2
    wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads/git-master$

还是有两个Error。

> Makefile:363: recipe for target ‘git-merge-index.html’ failed  
> Makefile:2503: recipe for target ‘doc’ failed

不过要用的可执行程序大都已经有了。先用起来。等遇到问题再排查解决。

wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads/git-master$ which git
    /usr/bin/git
    wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads/git-master$ ll /usr/bin | grep git
    -rwxr-xr-x 130 root root    17501168 2月   9 15:36 git*
    -rwxr-xr-x   2 root root      162733 2月   9 15:36 git-cvsserver*
    -rwxr-xr-x   1 root root      353477 2月   9 15:36 gitk*
    -rwxr-xr-x 130 root root    17501168 2月   9 15:36 git-receive-pack*
    -rwxr-xr-x   2 root root    10346728 2月   9 15:36 git-shell*
    -rwxr-xr-x 130 root root    17501168 2月   9 15:36 git-upload-archive*
    -rwxr-xr-x 130 root root    17501168 2月   9 15:36 git-upload-pack*
    -rwxr-xr-x   1 root root       14200 4月  23  2016 sgitopnm*
    wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads/git-master$

*  安装 `make install`

## 使用测试 ##

*  测试 `git clone https://github.com/qin-ziqi/Chrome-SetupVPN-3.7.0.git` SetupVPN是一个浏览器插件，可用于\*\*。
 *  查看下载内容 `ll Chrome-SetupVPN-3.7.0/`

wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads$ ll Chrome-SetupVPN-3.7.0/
    total 48
    drwxr-xr-x 9 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 8 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 ../
    drwxr-xr-x 3 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 assets/
    drwxr-xr-x 2 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 fonts/
    drwxr-xr-x 8 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 .git/
    drwxr-xr-x 3 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 images/
    drwxr-xr-x 2 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 js/
    -rw-r--r-- 1 wuyujin wuyujin  763 2月   9 19:08 manifest.json
    -rw-r--r-- 1 wuyujin wuyujin  263 2月   9 19:08 popup.html
    -rw-r--r-- 1 wuyujin wuyujin  981 2月   9 19:08 README.md
    drwxr-xr-x 2 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 styles/
    drwxr-xr-x 2 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 views/
    wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads$

*  更多git命令见[官网][Link 1]

## 使用包管理工具安装、卸载、查询安装位置 ##

*  安装

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:git-core/ppa	# 添加源
    sudo apt update			# 更新源
    sudo apt install git	# 安装git

*  卸载 `sudo apt-get remove git --purge`
 *  查询安装位置 `dpkg -L git`
 *  查询常用命令的位置 `which git`

wuyujin@ubuntu18:~$ which git
    /usr/bin/git
    wuyujin@ubuntu18:~$ ll /usr/bin | grep git
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root     3068336 1月  14 14:44 git*
    lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root           3 1月  14 14:44 git-receive-pack -> git*
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root     1752640 1月  14 14:44 git-shell*
    lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root           3 1月  14 14:44 git-upload-archive -> git*
    lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root           3 1月  14 14:44 git-upload-pack -> git*
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root       14200 4月  23  2016 sgitopnm*
    wuyujin@ubuntu18:~$

[https_github.com_git_git]: https://github.com/git/git
[https_github.com_git_git_blob_master_INSTALL]: https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/INSTALL
[Link 1]: https://www.git-scm.com/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C