Tensorflow安装步骤

墨蓝 2022-06-13 02:07 237阅读 0赞

本文主要包括如下几个部分:

*  docker 安装
 *  pip安装
 *  编译安装
 *  问题
 *  参考文献

--------------------

## 1. docker安装 ##

下载官方的镜像，即可使用。不过不推荐，因为这个Tensorflow的模块是在Docker内的，也就是你编译的时候，需要进入Docker镜像的内部进行使用。也就是`import tensorflow as tf`命令在你的Docker外是无法生效的。使用IDEA这样的调试工具调试的时候，会略微有点蛋疼。

但是，学习Tensorflow语法的话可以使用相对应的Jyter这个工具平台进行学习，非常方便。

分享一个很好的TensorFlow的Docker镜像和Docker仓库:

*  github 项目: `https://github.com/caicloud/tensorflow-tutorial`
 *  docker 仓库 `docker pull cargo.caicloud.io/tensorflow/tensorflow:0.12.0`
 *  `启动 docker run - it cargo.caicloud.io/tensorflow/tensorflow:0.12.0 -p 8888:8888 -p 6066:6066`
 *  8888为Jupyter编辑器,docker logs 会看到如下的内容,里面包含密码。访问[http://localhost:8888][http_localhost_8888]即可进入Jupyter编辑器。6066为TensorBoard。

[root@rhel6 ~]# docker logs 45fd0affc965
    [I 03:19:24.125 NotebookApp] Writing notebook server cookie secret to /root/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/notebook_cookie_secret
    [W 03:19:24.246 NotebookApp] WARNING: The notebook server is listening on all IP addresses and not using encryption. This is not recommended.
    [I 03:19:24.337 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /notebooks
    [I 03:19:24.337 NotebookApp] 0 active kernels
    [I 03:19:24.337 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at: http://[all ip addresses on your system]:8888/?token=a05b41be2597511483fb59beb86a4bb88fe02fe51bf6ed54
    [I 03:19:24.339 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
    Starting TensorBoard 39 on port 6006

--------------------

## 2. pip安装 ##

使用pip前，先确定安装了python。  
在命令行输入`python`/`python3`，即可判断你是否全局配置了python程序。

MAC OSX系统不推荐使用官方自带的Python2.7.3程序，因为那边有很多的程序是被写保护的。

Ubuntu/Linux 
    
    # 仅使用 CPU 的版本
    $ pip install https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.5.0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl
    
    # 开启 GPU 支持的版本 (安装该版本的前提是已经安装了 CUDA sdk)
    $ pip install https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/gpu/tensorflow-0.5.0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl
    
    Mac OS X 
    
    # 当前版本只支持 CPU
    $ pip install https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/tensorflow-0.5.0-py2-none-any.whl
    
    Docker
    
    $ docker run -it b.gcr.io/tensorflow/tensorflow

--------------------

## 3. 编译安装 ##

不推荐

--------------------

## 4. 问题 ##

使用pip安装基本没有什么问题，但是需要注意的是。千万不要使用Mac自带的python，那个地方是写保护的。

报错信息如下:

sh-3.2# pip install --upgrade $TF_BINARY_URL
    Collecting tensorflow==0.12.0 from https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/cpu/tensorflow-0.12.0-py2-none-any.whl
      Downloading https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/cpu/tensorflow-0.12.0-py2-none-any.whl (38.8MB)
        100% |████████████████████████████████| 38.8MB 24kB/s
    Collecting mock>=2.0.0 (from tensorflow==0.12.0)
      Downloading mock-2.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (56kB)
        100% |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 229kB/s
    Collecting numpy>=1.11.0 (from tensorflow==0.12.0)
      Downloading numpy-1.13.0-cp27-cp27m-macosx_10_6_intel.macosx_10_9_intel.macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_10_10_intel.macosx_10_10_x86_64.whl (4.6MB)
        100% |████████████████████████████████| 4.6MB 159kB/s
    Collecting protobuf==3.1.0 (from tensorflow==0.12.0)
      Downloading protobuf-3.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (339kB)
        100% |████████████████████████████████| 348kB 346kB/s
    Requirement already up-to-date: wheel in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from tensorflow==0.12.0)
    Collecting six>=1.10.0 (from tensorflow==0.12.0)
      Downloading six-1.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
    Collecting funcsigs>=1; python_version < "3.3" (from mock>=2.0.0->tensorflow==0.12.0)
      Downloading funcsigs-1.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
    Collecting pbr>=0.11 (from mock>=2.0.0->tensorflow==0.12.0)
      Downloading pbr-3.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (99kB)
        100% |████████████████████████████████| 102kB 404kB/s
    Collecting setuptools (from protobuf==3.1.0->tensorflow==0.12.0)
      Downloading setuptools-36.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (476kB)
        100% |████████████████████████████████| 481kB 337kB/s
    Installing collected packages: six, funcsigs, pbr, mock, numpy, setuptools, protobuf, tensorflow
      Found existing installation: six 1.4.1
        DEPRECATION: Uninstalling a distutils installed project (six) has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version. This is due to the fact that uninstalling a distutils project will only partially uninstall the project.
        Uninstalling six-1.4.1:
    Exception:
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
        status = self.run(options, args)
      File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 342, in run
        prefix=options.prefix_path,
      File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 778, in install
        requirement.uninstall(auto_confirm=True)
      File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 754, in uninstall
        paths_to_remove.remove(auto_confirm)
      File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_uninstall.py", line 115, in remove
        renames(path, new_path)
      File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/utils/__init__.py", line 267, in renames
        shutil.move(old, new)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 302, in move
        copy2(src, real_dst)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 131, in copy2
        copystat(src, dst)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 103, in copystat
        os.chflags(dst, st.st_flags)
    OSError: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted: '/tmp/pip-lNI6hy-uninstall/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/six-1.4.1-py2.7.egg-info'

解决办法: `brew install python`，使用新的python即可。

--------------------

## 参考文献 ##

\[1\] [TensorFlow 官方教程][TensorFlow]

[http_localhost_8888]: http://localhost:8888
[TensorFlow]: http://www.tensorfly.cn/tfdoc/get_started/os_setup.html