CentOS7 磁盘分区

系统管理员 2022-01-15 01:35 340阅读 0赞

[2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>> ][2019_Python_] ![hot3.png][]

### 一、磁盘分区  ###

[root@hadoop001 ~]# df -h
    Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/sda1        80G  3.9G   77G   5% /
    devtmpfs        7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
    tmpfs           7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs           7.8G   17M  7.8G   1% /run
    tmpfs           7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    tmpfs           1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/5003
    tmpfs           1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/600
    
    # 查看当期磁盘分区情况
    [root@hadoop001 ~]# lsblk
    NAME   MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
    sda      8:0    0  80G  0 disk
    `-sda1   8:1    0  80G  0 part /
    
    
    # 插入磁盘
    # 查看当期磁盘分区情况 => 有50G的DISK，还未分区
    [root@hadoop001 ~]# lsblk
    NAME   MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
    sda      8:0    0  80G  0 disk
    `-sda1   8:1    0  80G  0 part /
    sdb      8:16   0  50G  0 disk
    
    
    #分区 n->p->1->回车->回车->w
    [root@hadoop001 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    Device does not contain a recognized partition table
    Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xcd73934b.
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): p
    Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
    First sector (2048-104857599, default 2048):
    Using default value 2048
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-104857599, default 104857599):
    Using default value 104857599
    Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 50 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    
    
    
    # 查看当期磁盘分区情况 => 有50G的DISK，已分区
    [root@hadoop001 ~]# lsblk
    NAME   MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
    sda      8:0    0  80G  0 disk
    `-sda1   8:1    0  80G  0 part /
    sdb      8:16   0  50G  0 disk
    `-sdb1   8:17   0  50G  0 part
    
    
    #xfs格式化
    [root@hadoop001 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1
    meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=3276736 blks
             =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
             =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
    data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=13106944, imaxpct=25
             =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
    naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
    log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=6399, version=2
             =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
    realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
    
    
    # 写入LABEL
    [root@hadoop001 ~]# xfs_admin -L /data /dev/sdb1
    writing all SBs
    new label = "/data"
    
    
    # view /etc/fstab => 新增
    LABEL=/data        /data           xfs     noatime                1 2
    
    # 
    [root@hadoop001 ~]# mkdir /data
    
    [root@hadoop001 ~]# mount -a
    
    [root@hadoop001 ~]# df -h
    Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/sda1        80G  3.9G   77G   5% /
    devtmpfs        7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
    tmpfs           7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs           7.8G   17M  7.8G   1% /run
    tmpfs           7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    tmpfs           1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/5003
    tmpfs           1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/600
    /dev/sdb1        50G   33M   50G   1% /data

### 二、/etc/fstab ###

[root@hadoop001 ~]# cat /etc/fstab
    # HEADER: This file was autogenerated at 2019-03-19 05:46:52 +0000
    # HEADER: by puppet.  While it can still be managed manually, it
    # HEADER: is definitely not recommended.
    
    #
    # /etc/fstab
    # Created by anaconda on Tue Mar 19 05:36:53 2019
    #
    # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
    # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
    #
    UUID=0b555c57-0e65-4997-98ca-98fcbd932ccd	/	xfs	defaults	0	0
    tmpfs	/dev/shm	tmpfs	defaults,nodev,nosuid,noexec	0	0
    ephemeral0	/vdb	auto	defaults,nofail,comment=cloudconfig	0	2
    LABEL=/data        /data           xfs     noatime                1 2

第一列：Device：磁盘设备文件或者是改设备的Label或是UUID

*  查看分区的Label和UUID
    
     *      [root@hadoop001 ~]# blkid
            /dev/sda1: LABEL="/" UUID="0b555c57-0e65-4997-98ca-98fcbd932ccd" TYPE="xfs"
            /dev/sdb1: LABEL="/data" UUID="1c0bee7f-8f36-478b-97dd-0632b7595d45" TYPE="xfs"

第二列：Mount Point: 设备挂载点，就是你要挂载到哪个目录下

第三列：FileSystem：设备的挂载点，包括ext2,ext3,reiserfs,nfs,vfat,xfs等

第四列：Parameters:

*  <table style="width:500px;"> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td>&nbsp;</td> 
       <td>&nbsp;</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
       <td>async/sync</td> 
       <td>默认是async</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
       <td>auto/noauto</td> 
       <td>执行mount -a时，此文件系统是否被自动挂载，默认是auto</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
       <td>rw/ro</td> 
       <td>挂载方式，只读/读写</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
       <td>exec/noexec</td> 
       <td>现在此文件系统是否能够进行`执行`操作</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
       <td>user/nouser</td> 
       <td>&nbsp;</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
       <td>suid/nosuid</td> 
       <td>&nbsp;</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
       <td>usrquota</td> 
       <td>&nbsp;</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
       <td>grpquota</td> 
       <td>&nbsp;</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
       <td>defaults</td> 
       <td>rw/suid/dev/exec/auto/nouser/async</td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table>

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/204498/blog/3045711

[2019_Python_]: https://my.oschina.net/u/2663968/blog/3061697
[hot3.png]: /images/20220114/a95faa3a81454e2ba0497ca642d737c1.png