K8S集群上安装KubeSphere的详细过程

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2024-02-05 19:05 80阅读 0赞

#### 文章目录 ####

*  一、安装KubeSphere前置环境
 *   *  1、nfs文件系统
     *   *  1.1、master节点上安装nfs-server服务器：
         *  1.2、配置nfs-client（选做）
         *  1.3、配置默认存储
     *  2、metrics-server
     *  3、安装pvc
 *  二、安装KubeSphere
 *   *  1、下载核心文件
     *  2、修改cluster-configuration
     *  3、执行安装
     *  4、查看安装进度

> 前提  
> 已经搭建好了k8s集群

## 一、安装KubeSphere前置环境 ##

### 1、nfs文件系统 ###

#### 1.1、master节点上安装nfs-server服务器： ####

*  首先在每个节点上安装nfs工具：

# 在每个机器。
    yum install -y nfs-utils

*  其次，在master节点操作

# 在master 执行以下命令 
    echo "/nfs/data/ *(insecure,rw,sync,no_root_squash)" > /etc/exports
    
    
    # 执行以下命令，启动 nfs 服务;创建共享目录
    mkdir -p /nfs/data
    
    
    # 在master执行
    systemctl enable rpcbind
    systemctl enable nfs-server
    systemctl start rpcbind
    systemctl start nfs-server
    
    # 使配置生效
    exportfs -r
    
    
    #检查配置是否生效
    exportfs

#### 1.2、配置nfs-client（选做） ####

在工作节点上操作：

showmount -e 192.168.162.31
    
    mkdir -p /nfs/data
    
    mount -t nfs 192.168.162.31:/nfs/data /nfs/data

#### 1.3、配置默认存储 ####

配置动态供应的默认存储类（master节点操作）

vi sc.yaml

## 创建了一个存储类
    apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
    kind: StorageClass
    metadata:
      name: nfs-storage
      annotations:
        storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"
    provisioner: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
    parameters:
      archiveOnDelete: "true"  ## 删除pv的时候，pv的内容是否要备份
    
    ---
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
      name: nfs-client-provisioner
      labels:
        app: nfs-client-provisioner
      # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
      namespace: default
    spec:
      replicas: 1
      strategy:
        type: Recreate
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: nfs-client-provisioner
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: nfs-client-provisioner
        spec:
          serviceAccountName: nfs-client-provisioner
          containers:
            - name: nfs-client-provisioner
              image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.2
              # resources:
              #    limits:
              #      cpu: 10m
              #    requests:
              #      cpu: 10m
              volumeMounts:
                - name: nfs-client-root
                  mountPath: /persistentvolumes
              env:
                - name: PROVISIONER_NAME
                  value: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
                - name: NFS_SERVER
                  value: 192.168.162.31 ## 指定自己nfs服务器地址
                - name: NFS_PATH  
                  value: /nfs/data  ## nfs服务器共享的目录
          volumes:
            - name: nfs-client-root
              nfs:
                server: 192.168.162.31
                path: /nfs/data
    ---
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: ServiceAccount
    metadata:
      name: nfs-client-provisioner
      # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
      namespace: default
    ---
    kind: ClusterRole
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    metadata:
      name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
    rules:
      - apiGroups: [""]
        resources: ["nodes"]
        verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
      - apiGroups: [""]
        resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
        verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
      - apiGroups: [""]
        resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
        verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
      - apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
        resources: ["storageclasses"]
        verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
      - apiGroups: [""]
        resources: ["events"]
        verbs: ["create", "update", "patch"]
    ---
    kind: ClusterRoleBinding
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    metadata:
      name: run-nfs-client-provisioner
    subjects:
      - kind: ServiceAccount
        name: nfs-client-provisioner
        # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
        namespace: default
    roleRef:
      kind: ClusterRole
      name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
      apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    ---
    kind: Role
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    metadata:
      name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
      # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
      namespace: default
    rules:
      - apiGroups: [""]
        resources: ["endpoints"]
        verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch"]
    ---
    kind: RoleBinding
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    metadata:
      name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
      # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
      namespace: default
    subjects:
      - kind: ServiceAccount
        name: nfs-client-provisioner
        # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
        namespace: default
    roleRef:
      kind: Role
      name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
      apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

创建安装storageclass资源：

kubectl apply -f  sc.yaml

要保证安装的pod的状态running。

kubectl get pod -A

![在这里插入图片描述][61f2a7840e8d4d6d8d70470e0663fdbf.png]

#确认配置是否生效
    kubectl get sc

![在这里插入图片描述][ed94508f35f64ce5b1d6086a80b7d8f5.png]

### 2、metrics-server ###

集群指标监控组件

vi metrics.yaml

apiVersion: v1
    kind: ServiceAccount
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
      name: metrics-server
      namespace: kube-system
    ---
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    kind: ClusterRole
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
        rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aggregate-to-admin: "true"
        rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aggregate-to-edit: "true"
        rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aggregate-to-view: "true"
      name: system:aggregated-metrics-reader
    rules:
    - apiGroups:
      - metrics.k8s.io
      resources:
      - pods
      - nodes
      verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
    ---
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    kind: ClusterRole
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
      name: system:metrics-server
    rules:
    - apiGroups:
      - ""
      resources:
      - pods
      - nodes
      - nodes/stats
      - namespaces
      - configmaps
      verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
    ---
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    kind: RoleBinding
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
      name: metrics-server-auth-reader
      namespace: kube-system
    roleRef:
      apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
      kind: Role
      name: extension-apiserver-authentication-reader
    subjects:
    - kind: ServiceAccount
      name: metrics-server
      namespace: kube-system
    ---
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    kind: ClusterRoleBinding
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
      name: metrics-server:system:auth-delegator
    roleRef:
      apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
      kind: ClusterRole
      name: system:auth-delegator
    subjects:
    - kind: ServiceAccount
      name: metrics-server
      namespace: kube-system
    ---
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    kind: ClusterRoleBinding
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
      name: system:metrics-server
    roleRef:
      apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
      kind: ClusterRole
      name: system:metrics-server
    subjects:
    - kind: ServiceAccount
      name: metrics-server
      namespace: kube-system
    ---
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Service
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
      name: metrics-server
      namespace: kube-system
    spec:
      ports:
      - name: https
        port: 443
        protocol: TCP
        targetPort: https
      selector:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
    ---
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
      name: metrics-server
      namespace: kube-system
    spec:
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          k8s-app: metrics-server
      strategy:
        rollingUpdate:
          maxUnavailable: 0
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            k8s-app: metrics-server
        spec:
          containers:
          - args:
            - --cert-dir=/tmp
            - --kubelet-insecure-tls
            - --secure-port=4443
            - --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname
            - --kubelet-use-node-status-port
            image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images/metrics-server:v0.4.3
            imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
            livenessProbe:
              failureThreshold: 3
              httpGet:
                path: /livez
                port: https
                scheme: HTTPS
              periodSeconds: 10
            name: metrics-server
            ports:
            - containerPort: 4443
              name: https
              protocol: TCP
            readinessProbe:
              failureThreshold: 3
              httpGet:
                path: /readyz
                port: https
                scheme: HTTPS
              periodSeconds: 10
            securityContext:
              readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
              runAsNonRoot: true
              runAsUser: 1000
            volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-dir
          nodeSelector:
            kubernetes.io/os: linux
          priorityClassName: system-cluster-critical
          serviceAccountName: metrics-server
          volumes:
          - emptyDir: {
        }
            name: tmp-dir
    ---
    apiVersion: apiregistration.k8s.io/v1
    kind: APIService
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
      name: v1beta1.metrics.k8s.io
    spec:
      group: metrics.k8s.io
      groupPriorityMinimum: 100
      insecureSkipTLSVerify: true
      service:
        name: metrics-server
        namespace: kube-system
      version: v1beta1
      versionPriority: 100

创建安装metrics组件：

kubectl apply -f metrics.yaml

要保证安装的pod的状态running。

kubectl get pod -A

![在这里插入图片描述][76ff79e3668b464dbeaace294f8b63dc.png]  
查看pod的cpu和内存占用情况：

kubectl top pods

![在这里插入图片描述][a8f44075cc0c4e1cbc28f3d2e7ea8079.png]

### 3、安装pvc ###

绑定默认的nfs存储系统

vi pvc.yaml

kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
    apiVersion: v1
    metadata:
      name: nginx-pvc
    spec:
      accessModes:
        - ReadWriteMany
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 200Mi

创建pvc服务：

kubectl appply -f pvc.yaml

查看pv和pvc状态：

kubectl get pv,pvc

![在这里插入图片描述][b360df421cf0448d97e5baaedb874544.png]

## 二、安装KubeSphere ##

KubeSphere官网：[https://kubesphere.com.cn/][https_kubesphere.com.cn]

### 1、下载核心文件 ###

如果github下载不到，请到csdn下载：[https://mp.csdn.net/mp\_download/manage/download/UpDetailed][https_mp.csdn.net_mp_download_manage_download_UpDetailed]

## master节点操作
    wget https://github.com/kubesphere/ks-installer/releases/download/v3.1.1/kubesphere-installer.yaml
    
    wget https://github.com/kubesphere/ks-installer/releases/download/v3.1.1/cluster-configuration.yaml

### 2、修改cluster-configuration ###

修改cluster-configuration.yaml

vim cluster-configuration.yaml

apiVersion: installer.kubesphere.io/v1alpha1
    kind: ClusterConfiguration
    metadata:
      name: ks-installer
      namespace: kubesphere-system
      labels:
        version: v3.1.1
    spec:
      persistence:
        storageClass: ""        # If there is no default StorageClass in your cluster, you need to specify an existing StorageClass here.
      authentication:
        jwtSecret: ""           # Keep the jwtSecret consistent with the Host Cluster. Retrieve the jwtSecret by executing "kubectl -n kubesphere-system get cm kubesphere-config -o yaml | grep -v "apiVersion" | grep jwtSecret" on the Host Cluster.
      local_registry: ""        # Add your private registry address if it is needed.
      etcd:
        monitoring: true       # Enable or disable etcd monitoring dashboard installation. You have to create a Secret for etcd before you enable it.
        endpointIps: 192.168.162.31  # etcd cluster EndpointIps. It can be a bunch of IPs here.
        port: 2379              # etcd port.
        tlsEnable: true
      common:
        redis:
          enabled: true
        openldap:
          enabled: true
        minioVolumeSize: 20Gi # Minio PVC size.
        openldapVolumeSize: 2Gi   # openldap PVC size.
        redisVolumSize: 2Gi # Redis PVC size.
        monitoring:
          # type: external   # Whether to specify the external prometheus stack, and need to modify the endpoint at the next line.
          endpoint: http://prometheus-operated.kubesphere-monitoring-system.svc:9090 # Prometheus endpoint to get metrics data.
        es:   # Storage backend for logging, events and auditing.
          # elasticsearchMasterReplicas: 1   # The total number of master nodes. Even numbers are not allowed.
          # elasticsearchDataReplicas: 1     # The total number of data nodes.
          elasticsearchMasterVolumeSize: 4Gi   # The volume size of Elasticsearch master nodes.
          elasticsearchDataVolumeSize: 20Gi    # The volume size of Elasticsearch data nodes.
          logMaxAge: 7                     # Log retention time in built-in Elasticsearch. It is 7 days by default.
          elkPrefix: logstash              # The string making up index names. The index name will be formatted as ks-<elk_prefix>-log.
          basicAuth:
            enabled: false
            username: ""
            password: ""
          externalElasticsearchUrl: ""
          externalElasticsearchPort: ""
      console:
        enableMultiLogin: true  # Enable or disable simultaneous logins. It allows different users to log in with the same account at the same time.
        port: 30880
      alerting:                # (CPU: 0.1 Core, Memory: 100 MiB) It enables users to customize alerting policies to send messages to receivers in time with different time intervals and alerting levels to choose from.
        enabled: true         # Enable or disable the KubeSphere Alerting System.
        # thanosruler:
        #   replicas: 1
        #   resources: {}
      auditing:                # Provide a security-relevant chronological set of records，recording the sequence of activities happening on the platform, initiated by different tenants.
        enabled: true         # Enable or disable the KubeSphere Auditing Log System. 
      devops:                  # (CPU: 0.47 Core, Memory: 8.6 G) Provide an out-of-the-box CI/CD system based on Jenkins, and automated workflow tools including Source-to-Image & Binary-to-Image.
        enabled: true             # Enable or disable the KubeSphere DevOps System.
        jenkinsMemoryLim: 2Gi      # Jenkins memory limit.
        jenkinsMemoryReq: 1500Mi   # Jenkins memory request.
        jenkinsVolumeSize: 8Gi     # Jenkins volume size.
        jenkinsJavaOpts_Xms: 512m  # The following three fields are JVM parameters.
        jenkinsJavaOpts_Xmx: 512m
        jenkinsJavaOpts_MaxRAM: 2g
      events:                  # Provide a graphical web console for Kubernetes Events exporting, filtering and alerting in multi-tenant Kubernetes clusters.
        enabled: true         # Enable or disable the KubeSphere Events System.
        ruler:
          enabled: true
          replicas: 2
      logging:                 # (CPU: 57 m, Memory: 2.76 G) Flexible logging functions are provided for log query, collection and management in a unified console. Additional log collectors can be added, such as Elasticsearch, Kafka and Fluentd.
        enabled: true         # Enable or disable the KubeSphere Logging System.
        logsidecar:
          enabled: true
          replicas: 2
      metrics_server:                    # (CPU: 56 m, Memory: 44.35 MiB) It enables HPA (Horizontal Pod Autoscaler).
        enabled: false                   # Enable or disable metrics-server.
      monitoring:
        storageClass: ""                 # If there is an independent StorageClass you need for Prometheus, you can specify it here. The default StorageClass is used by default.
        # prometheusReplicas: 1          # Prometheus replicas are responsible for monitoring different segments of data source and providing high availability.
        prometheusMemoryRequest: 400Mi   # Prometheus request memory.
        prometheusVolumeSize: 20Gi       # Prometheus PVC size.
        # alertmanagerReplicas: 1          # AlertManager Replicas.
      multicluster:
        clusterRole: none  # host | member | none  # You can install a solo cluster, or specify it as the Host or Member Cluster.
      network:
        networkpolicy: # Network policies allow network isolation within the same cluster, which means firewalls can be set up between certain instances (Pods).
          # Make sure that the CNI network plugin used by the cluster supports NetworkPolicy. There are a number of CNI network plugins that support NetworkPolicy, including Calico, Cilium, Kube-router, Romana and Weave Net.
          enabled: true # Enable or disable network policies.
        ippool: # Use Pod IP Pools to manage the Pod network address space. Pods to be created can be assigned IP addresses from a Pod IP Pool.
          type: calico # Specify "calico" for this field if Calico is used as your CNI plugin. "none" means that Pod IP Pools are disabled.
        topology: # Use Service Topology to view Service-to-Service communication based on Weave Scope.
          type: none # Specify "weave-scope" for this field to enable Service Topology. "none" means that Service Topology is disabled.
      openpitrix: # An App Store that is accessible to all platform tenants. You can use it to manage apps across their entire lifecycle.
        store:
          enabled: true # Enable or disable the KubeSphere App Store.
      servicemesh:         # (0.3 Core, 300 MiB) Provide fine-grained traffic management, observability and tracing, and visualized traffic topology.
        enabled: true     # Base component (pilot). Enable or disable KubeSphere Service Mesh (Istio-based).
      kubeedge:          # Add edge nodes to your cluster and deploy workloads on edge nodes.
        enabled: true   # Enable or disable KubeEdge.
        cloudCore:
          nodeSelector: {
        "node-role.kubernetes.io/worker": ""}
          tolerations: []
          cloudhubPort: "10000"
          cloudhubQuicPort: "10001"
          cloudhubHttpsPort: "10002"
          cloudstreamPort: "10003"
          tunnelPort: "10004"
          cloudHub:
            advertiseAddress: # At least a public IP address or an IP address which can be accessed by edge nodes must be provided.
              - ""            # Note that once KubeEdge is enabled, CloudCore will malfunction if the address is not provided.
            nodeLimit: "100"
          service:
            cloudhubNodePort: "30000"
            cloudhubQuicNodePort: "30001"
            cloudhubHttpsNodePort: "30002"
            cloudstreamNodePort: "30003"
            tunnelNodePort: "30004"
        edgeWatcher:
          nodeSelector: {
        "node-role.kubernetes.io/worker": ""}
          tolerations: []
          edgeWatcherAgent:
            nodeSelector: {
        "node-role.kubernetes.io/worker": ""}
            tolerations: []

### 3、执行安装 ###

master节点操作：

kubectl apply -f kubesphere-installer.yaml
    
    kubectl apply -f cluster-configuration.yaml

查看pod的安装状态：

kubectl get pod -A

![在这里插入图片描述][80d54e43f6e3437c999d409739da255a.png]  
如果没有安装完成，需要耐心等待安装完成，状态变为running。

### 4、查看安装进度 ###

pod安装完成后，可以查看kubesphere的安装进度了：  
![在这里插入图片描述][6f72012d0d1a4d569b8bd62320b96e61.png]

kubectl logs -n kubesphere-system $(kubectl get pod -n kubesphere-system -l app=ks-install -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') -f

![在这里插入图片描述][e29a669432404866853ae56c322ab3ef.png]  
大概需要十几分钟的安装时间。

访问任意机器的 30880端口  
账号 ： admin  
密码 ： xxxxxxxx

> – 解决etcd监控证书找不到问题

查看报错信息;

kubectl describe pod -n kubesphere-monitoring-system prometheus-k8s-0

![在这里插入图片描述][4484752cf28d4f6cb48ca24770d356ac.png]  
文件挂载失败，原因是密钥证书没有找到

kubectl -n kubesphere-monitoring-system create secret generic kube-etcd-client-certs  --from-file=etcd-client-ca.crt=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt  --from-file=etcd-client.crt=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-etcd-client.crt  --from-file=etcd-client.key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-etcd-client.key

正常访问kubesphere系统：  
![在这里插入图片描述][7ef299fd4e7145718f26f6e8fda0af49.png]

[61f2a7840e8d4d6d8d70470e0663fdbf.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/beb55ecc205b463eb122ff2570a89ff9.png
[ed94508f35f64ce5b1d6086a80b7d8f5.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/8a7f5338757f4be6a6ba2c7dede0fc0d.png
[76ff79e3668b464dbeaace294f8b63dc.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/a4d51378289c4065add9ba8835ad18a4.png
[a8f44075cc0c4e1cbc28f3d2e7ea8079.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/47aceaf4692c4a84aa479d9314455513.png
[b360df421cf0448d97e5baaedb874544.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/8b82a2ed78f54d86a4ac8ca1936e6900.png
[https_kubesphere.com.cn]: https://kubesphere.com.cn/
[https_mp.csdn.net_mp_download_manage_download_UpDetailed]: https://mp.csdn.net/mp_download/manage/download/UpDetailed
[80d54e43f6e3437c999d409739da255a.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/af5b7f9f723b434a979844bfdd8a54bd.png
[6f72012d0d1a4d569b8bd62320b96e61.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/f264c101ee53439e91672441cb6a6094.png
[e29a669432404866853ae56c322ab3ef.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/8af053ff5fa2499d840c5d18ed8f2c25.png
[4484752cf28d4f6cb48ca24770d356ac.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/8619d703809348108a0ef3fe70107edf.png
[7ef299fd4e7145718f26f6e8fda0af49.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/41ef1cdf37414d41b86461000bc10f5f.png