k8s集群详细安装步骤

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2022-12-03 01:58 225阅读 0赞

k8s安装步骤

三台机器

192.168.168.151 master

192.168.168.152 node

192.168.168.153 node

安装步骤

准备工作,首先安装docker

安装docker后才能安装k8s集群(这个 总觉得有点不对,k8s还支持rkt,不仅仅支持docker)

1.安装docker

yum -y install docker-engine

2.k8s集群安装

2.1 master安装工作

2.1.1 etcd服务

etcd做为Kubernetes集群的主要服务，在安装Kubernetes各服务前需要首先安装和启动

2.1.1.1 下载etcd并复制到/usr/bin

wget [https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.3.9/etcd-v3.3.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz][https_github.com_etcd-io_etcd_releases_download_v3.3.9_etcd-v3.3.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz]

将将etcd和etcdctl文件复制到/usr/bin目录

cp yourpath/etcd yourpath/etcdctl /usr/bin

2.1.1.2配置systemd服务文件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

\[Unit\]

Description=Etcd Server

After=network.target

\[Service\]

Type=simple

EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf

WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/

ExecStart=/usr/bin/etcd

Restart=on-failure

\[Install\]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

2.1.1.3启动与测试etcd服务

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable etcd.service

mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd/

systemctl start etcd.service

etcdctl cluster-health

2.1.2kube-apiserver服务

2.1.2.1下载并复制

下载

wget [https://dl.k8s.io/v1.19.0/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz][https_dl.k8s.io_v1.19.0_kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz]

解压

tar -zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

解压后将kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler以及管理要使用的kubectl二进制命令文件

放到/usr/bin目录，即完成这几个服务的安装。

cp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl /usr/bin/

2.1.2.2配置

下面是对kube-apiserver服务进行配置

编辑systemd服务文件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

\[Unit\]

Description=Kubernetes API Server

Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

After=etcd.service

Wants=etcd.service

\[Service\]

EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/apiserver

ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE\_API\_ARGS

Restart=on-failure

Type=notify

\[Install\]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

2.1.2.3配置文件

创建目录：mkdir /etc/kubernetes

vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver

KUBE\_API\_ARGS="--storage-backend=etcd3 --etcd-servers=http://127.0.0.1:2379 --insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0 --insecure-port=8080 --service-cluster-ip-range=169.169.0.0/16 --service-node-port-range=1-65535 --admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota --logtostderr=true --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"

2.1.3kube-controller-manager服务

kube-controller-manager服务依赖于kube-apiserver服务：

2.1.3.1配置systemd服务文件：

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

\[Unit\]

Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager

Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

After=kube-apiserver.service

Requires=kube-apiserver.service

\[Service\]

EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager

ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE\_CONTROLLER\_MANAGER\_ARGS

Restart=on-failure

LimitNOFILE=65536

\[Install\]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

2.1.3.2配置文件

vim /etc/kubernetes/controller-manager

KUBE\_CONTROLLER\_MANAGER\_ARGS="--master=http://192.168.168.151:8080 --logtostderr=true --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"

2.1.4 kube-scheduler服务

kube-scheduler服务也依赖于kube-apiserver服务。

2.1.4.1配置systemd服务文件：

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service

\[Unit\]

Description=Kubernetes Scheduler

Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

After=kube-apiserver.service

Requires=kube-apiserver.service

\[Service\]

EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/scheduler

ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE\_SCHEDULER\_ARGS

Restart=on-failure

LimitNOFILE=65536

\[Install\]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

2.1.4.2配置文件：

vim /etc/kubernetes/scheduler

KUBE\_SCHEDULER\_ARGS="--master=http://192.168.168.151:8080 --logtostderr=true --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"

2.1.5启动,完成以上配置后，按顺序启动服务

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service

systemctl start kube-apiserver.service

systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service

systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service

systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service

systemctl start kube-scheduler.service

检查每个服务的健康状态：

systemctl status kube-apiserver.service

systemctl status kube-controller-manager.service

systemctl status kube-scheduler.service

2.2 node安装工作(以192.168.168.152为例)

2.2.1准备工作

在Node1节点上，以同样的方式把从压缩包中解压出的二进制文件kubelet kube-proxy放到/usr/bin目录中。

在Node1节点上需要预先安装docker,请参考Master上Docker的安装，并启动Docker

2.2.2kubelet服务

配置systemd服务文件：

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

\[Unit\]

Description=Kubernetes Kubelet Server

Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

After=docker.service

Requires=docker.service

\[Service\]

WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet

EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kubelet

ExecStart=/usr/bin/kubelet $KUBELET\_ARGS

Restart=on-failure

KillMode=process

\[Install\]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

mkdir -p /var/lib/kubelet

配置文件：

vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet

KUBELET\_ARGS="--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig --hostname-override=192.168.168.152 --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2 --fail-swap-on=false"

用于kubelet连接Master Apiserver的配置文件

vim /etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig

apiVersion: v1

kind: Config

clusters:

\- cluster:

server: http://192.168.168.151:8080

name: local

contexts:

\- context:

cluster: local

name: mycontext

current-context: mycontext

2.2.3kube-proxy服务

配置systemd服务文件：

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service

\[Unit\]

Description=Kubernetes Kube-proxy Server

Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

After=network.service

Requires=network.service

\[Service\]

EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/proxy

ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-proxy $KUBE\_PROXY\_ARGS

Restart=on-failure

LimitNOFILE=65536

KillMode=process

\[Install\]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置文件：

vim /etc/kubernetes/proxy

KUBE\_PROXY\_ARGS="--master=http://192.168.168.151:8080 --hostname-override=192.168.168.152 --logtostderr=true --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"

2.2.4配置另外一个节点

参考node1,注意修改ip

2.2.5启动

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable kubelet

systemctl start kubelet

systemctl status kubelet

systemctl enable kube-proxy

systemctl start kube-proxy

systemctl status kube-proxy

至此,搭建完成

3.查看集群状态

kubectl get nodes

示例:

\[root@mini151 opt\]\# kubectl get nodes

NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION

192.168.168.152 Ready <none> 60m v1.19.0

192.168.168.153 Ready <none> 66m v1.19.0

4.注意事项

虚拟机内存:2048M+

虚拟机cpu数量:2+

关闭swap

[https_github.com_etcd-io_etcd_releases_download_v3.3.9_etcd-v3.3.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz]: https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.3.9/etcd-v3.3.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[https_dl.k8s.io_v1.19.0_kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz]: https://dl.k8s.io/v1.19.0/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz