《数据库系统概论》| 第十章数据库恢复技术知识梳理

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2023-10-06 11:43 18阅读 0赞

> ## 数据库恢复技术 ##

**目录**

10.1 事务的基本概念

事务的ACID特性

原子性（Atomicity）

一致性（Consistency）

隔离性（Isolation）

持续性（Durability ）

10.2 数据库恢复概述

10.3 故障的种类

1.事务内部的故障

2.系统故障

3.介质故障

4.计算机病毒

10.4 恢复的实现技术

10.4.1 数据转储

10.4.2 登记日志文件

10.5 恢复策略

10.5.1 事务故障的恢复

10.5.2 系统故障的恢复

10.5.3 介质故障的恢复

10.6 具有检查点的恢复技术

10.7 数据库镜像

10.8 小结

--------------------

1、事务的概念 2、事务的ACID特性 3、事务故障的种类（注意：要加上计算机病毒） 4、数据转储指什么？有哪几种方法？ 5、日志文件的作用是什么？登记日志文件所要遵循的原则。 6、事务故故障的恢复。

### 10.1 事务的基本概念 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]、

#### 事务的ACID特性 ####

*  #### **原子性（Atomicity）** ####

![20190113211113682.png][]

*  #### **一致性（Consistency）**  ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

*  #### **隔离性（Isolation）** ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

*  #### **持续性（Durability ）** ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

### 10.2 数据库恢复概述 ###

### 10.3 故障的种类 ###

#### 1.事务内部的故障 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

#### 2.系统故障 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

#### 3.介质故障 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

#### 4.计算机病毒 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

### 10.4 恢复的实现技术 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

#### 10.4.1 数据转储 ####

**1.什么是数据转储**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

**2.转储方法**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24][]

#### 10.4.2 登记日志文件 ####

#### ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 25][] ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 26][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 27][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 28][]

### 10.5 恢复策略 ###

#### 10.5.1 事务故障的恢复 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 29][]

#### 10.5.2 系统故障的恢复 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 30][]

#### 10.5.3 介质故障的恢复 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 31][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 32][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 33][]

### 10.6 具有检查点的恢复技术 ###

### 10.7 数据库镜像 ###

### 10.8 小结 ###

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