《数据库系统概论》| 第五章数据库完整性知识梳理

本是古典何须时尚 2023-10-06 11:43 25阅读 0赞

> ## 数据库完整性 ##

*  数据的正确性
 *  数据的相容性

**目录**

数据库完整性

5.1 实体完整性

5.1.1 实体完整性定义

5.1.2 实体完整性检查和违约处理

5.2 参照完整性

5.2.1 参照完整性定义

5.2.2 参照完整性检查和违约处理

5.3 用户定义的完整性

5.3.1 属性上的约束条件

5.3.2 元组上的约束条件

--------------------

### 5.1 实体完整性 ###

#### 5.1.1 实体完整性定义 ####

#### ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][] ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

#### 5.1.2 实体完整性检查和违约处理 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

### 5.2 参照完整性 ###

#### 5.2.1 参照完整性定义 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

#### 5.2.2 参照完整性检查和违约处理 ####

![20190112212834295.png][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

### 5.3 用户定义的完整性 ###

用户定义的完整性就是针对某一具体应用的数据必须满足的语义要求

#### 5.3.1 属性上的约束条件 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

#### 5.3.2 元组上的约束条件 ####

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

### 5.4 完整性约束命名字句 ###

### \*5.5 域中的完整性限制 ###

### 5.6 断言 ###

### 5.7 触发器 ###

### 5.8 小结 ###

1、SQL的完整性控制

（主码约束的定义、外码约束的定义和参照完整性的定义和修改删除规则、属性约束的定义)、表级约束和属性级约束的区分。

2、RDBMS在实现参照完整性时需要考虑哪几个方面？

（外码是否允许取空值，删除、修改被参照关系的元组时的考虑。)

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