[Linux 配置Mysql] 在Linux上面安装mysql 5.7数据库

我会带着你远行 2023-10-05 15:28 34阅读 0赞

安装完成以后 我的数据库地址为:  
**/var/lib/mysql/mysql**

--------------------

安装mysql5.7  
1、先把postfix 和mariadb-libs卸载掉，不然的会有依赖包冲突：  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# rpm -e postfix mariadb-libs

2、安装mysql的依赖net-tools和 perl  
yum -y install net-tools perl

3、安装mysql-common包：  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm

4、安装mysql-libs包：  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm --nodeps --force

因为第四步报错:  
error: Failed dependencies:  
mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64  
所以下载报错依赖:  
**下载 yum -y remove mariadb-libs**

5、安装mysql-client包；  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm --nodeps --force

6、安装mysql-server包  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm --nodeps --force

报错:error: Failed dependencies:  
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64  
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO\_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64  
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO\_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64  
下载  
yum install libaio

5、设置开机启动：  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# systemctl enable mysqld

6、启动MySql服务  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# systemctl start mysqld  
systemctl start mysqld.service 启动  
systemctl stop mysqld.service 停止  
systemctl restart mysqld.service 重启

查看错误信息  
journalctl -xe

启动报错: systemctl status mysqld.service 这个语句是查看数据库的安装状态 ![在这里插入图片描述][20201210155212840.png]

7、由于MySQL5.7安装好后会给root用户分配一个临时密码，所以我们先查看临时密码
    [root@wolfcode]#  grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
    2018-06-01T19:40:08.341478Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Ct<pX.k7S(=w
    冒号后面的就是root用户的临时密码：Ct<pX.k7S(=w
    
    8、使用临时密码登录
    	[root@wolfcode]#  mysql -u root -p
    输入密码：Ct<pX.k7S(=w
    	
    9、设置root的密码
    	mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'WolfCode_2017';
    	mysql> exit
    注意：mysql5.7增加了安全级别，密码必须包含：大小写字母、数字和特殊符号，并且长度不能少于8位。

10、用新密码登陆
    	[root@wolfcode]#  mysql -u root -p
    输入密码：WolfCode_2017
    
    11、开放远程登录权限
    mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'qwer@123456'  WITH GRANT OPTION;
    	mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    
    12、开放mysql的3306端口
    [root@wolfcode]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
    [root@wolfcode]# firewall-cmd --reload
    
    如果出现乱码:
    在链接地址栏后添加useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    
    
    
    
    
    GRANT ALL ON *.* TO root@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

1.SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('xxxx');
    设置密码的时候 不要设置太简单了 !!5.7出错
    
    
    下面图是重置密码的时候 使用的命令
    Mysql>Set password=password(‘新密码’)  这个是登录数据库以后才能使用这样的命令去修改当前的密码(  5.7版本 由于升级了 保护性的原因  ,   所以会有临时密码,  临时密码通过上面的日志文件查看, 但是有可能出现临时文件查看不了  临时密码 , 所以需要去 vi /etc/my.cnf  去这个配置文件下面,  如果没有这个文件 可以从现有的 服务器去找一个对应的 copy里面的内容 ,下面图二  红框里面 先把他放开,(这样你就不需要临时密码,省去密码验证,直接登录mysql        然后在修改重置密码,  Use mysql
    update user set authentication_string = password("admin123456!!") where user="root" ;
    )    先 use mysql  在去修改  ,因为5.7的版本 authentication_string 这个字段才是数据库默认的密码字段  修改成功以后  在去my.cnf 的配置文件 把图二那个红框给注解调#,然后在去 重新登录   )
    登录数据库命令:mysql -u root -p
    查看状态: journalctl -xe  
    1:vi /etc/my.cnf  修改完配置需要重新启动 一下
    systemctl start mysqld.service 启动
    systemctl stop mysqld.service 停止
    systemctl restart mysqld.service 重启
    
    
    在mysql 修改对应的东西 需要刷新 :flush privileges

图一:  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

图二:  
这个是my.cnf的配置![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
**5.7的数据库版本配置**

# For advice on how to change settings please see
    # # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
    #
    [mysqld]
    #skip-grant-tables
    # #
    # # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
    # # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
    # # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
    # #
    # # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
    # # changes to the binary log between backups.
    # # log_bin
    # #
    # # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
    # # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
    # # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
    # # join_buffer_size = 128M
    # # sort_buffer_size = 2M
    # # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
    datadir=/var/lib/mysql
    socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    #
    # # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
    symbolic-links=0
    #
    # # Recommended in standard MySQL setup
    # #sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
    # #character
    init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
    init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
    character-set-server=utf8mb4
    collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
    # #skip-character-set-client-handshake
    [mysqld_safe]
    log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
    pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8mb4

图三:这个是 用来操作 下面有说明!

![在这里插入图片描述][20201210155347156.png]

[20201210155212840.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201210155212840.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201210155244516.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201210155317251.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201210155331335.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20201210155347156.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201210155347156.png