[Linux 配置数据库] Linux配置Mysql 数据库

比眉伴天荒 2023-10-05 13:43 20阅读 0赞

不要吐槽我 我是自己保存看的 有点乱 有数据库配置问题 可以咨询我!

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

[数据库地址][Link 1]

安装mysql5.7  
1、先把postfix 和mariadb-libs卸载掉，不然的会有依赖包冲突：  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# rpm -e postfix mariadb-libs

2、安装mysql的依赖net-tools和 perl  
yum -y install net-tools perl

3、安装mysql-common包：  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm

4、安装mysql-libs包：  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm --nodeps --force

因为第四步报错:  
error: Failed dependencies:  
mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64  
所以下载报错依赖:  
下载 yum -y remove mariadb-libs

5、安装mysql-client包；  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm --nodeps --force

6、安装mysql-server包  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm --nodeps --force

报错:error: Failed dependencies:  
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64  
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO\_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64  
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO\_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el7.x86\_64  
下载  
yum install libaio

5、设置开机启动：  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# systemctl enable mysqld

6、启动MySql服务  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# systemctl start mysqld  
systemctl start mysqld.service 启动  
systemctl stop mysqld.service 停止  
systemctl restart mysqld.service 重启

查看错误信息  
journalctl -xe

启动报错: systemctl status mysqld.service 这个语句是查看数据库的安装状态

7、由于MySQL5.7安装好后会给root用户分配一个临时密码，所以我们先查看临时密码  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# grep ‘temporary password’ /var/log/mysqld.log  
2018-06-01T19:40:08.341478Z 1 \[Note\] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Ct<pX.k7S(=w  
冒号后面的就是root用户的临时密码：Ct<pX.k7S(=w

8、使用临时密码登录  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# mysql -u root -p  
输入密码：Ct<pX.k7S(=w

9、设置root的密码  
mysql>ALTER USER ‘root’@‘localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘WolfCode\_2017’;  
mysql> exit  
注意：mysql5.7增加了安全级别，密码必须包含：大小写字母、数字和特殊符号，并且长度不能少于8位。

10、用新密码登陆  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# mysql -u root -p  
输入密码：WolfCode\_2017

11、开放远程登录权限  
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘qwer@123456’ WITH GRANT OPTION;  
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

12、开放mysql的3306端口  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent  
\[root@wolfcode\]\# firewall-cmd --reload

如果出现乱码:  
在链接地址栏后添加useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8

GRANT ALL ON *.* TO root@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’ WITH GRANT OPTION;

1.SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘qwer@123456’);  
设置密码的时候 不要设置太简单了 !!5.7出错

下面图是重置密码的时候 使用的命令  
Mysql>Set password=password(‘新密码’) 这个是登录数据库以后才能使用这样的命令去修改当前的密码( 5.7版本 由于升级了 保护性的原因 , 所以会有临时密码, 临时密码通过上面的日志文件查看, 但是有可能出现临时文件查看不了 临时密码 , 所以需要去 vi /etc/my.cnf 去这个配置文件下面, 如果没有这个文件 可以从现有的 服务器去找一个对应的 copy里面的内容 ,下面图二 红框里面 先把他放开,(这样你就不需要临时密码,省去密码验证,直接登录mysql 然后在修改重置密码, Use mysql  
update user set authentication\_string = password(“admin123456!!”) where user=“root” ;  
) 先 use mysql 在去修改 ,因为5.7的版本 authentication\_string 这个字段才是数据库默认的密码字段 修改成功以后 在去my.cnf 的配置文件 把图二那个红框给注解调\#,然后在去 重新登录 )  
登录数据库命令:mysql -u root -p  
查看状态: journalctl -xe  
1:vi /etc/my.cnf 修改完配置需要重新启动 一下  
systemctl start mysqld.service 启动  
systemctl stop mysqld.service 停止  
systemctl restart mysqld.service 重启

在mysql 修改对应的东西 需要刷新 :flush privileges

图一  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

图二:  
这个是my.cnf的配置  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

```handlebars
    5.7的数据库版本配置  我用的之前的 服务区成功的版本配置 反正我成功 连接了
    # For advice on how to change settings please see
    # # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
    
     
    #
    [mysqld]
    #skip-grant-tables
    # #
    # # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
    # # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
    # # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
    # #
    # # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
    # # changes to the binary log between backups.
    # # log_bin
    # #
    # # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
    # # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
    # # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
    # # join_buffer_size = 128M
    # # sort_buffer_size = 2M
    # # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
    datadir=/var/lib/mysql
    socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    #
    # # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
    symbolic-links=0
    #
    # # Recommended in standard MySQL setup
    # #sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
    # #character
    init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
    init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
    character-set-server=utf8mb4
    collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
    # #skip-character-set-client-handshake
    [mysqld_safe]
    log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
    pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8mb4

图三:这个是 用来操作 下面有说明

![在这里插入图片描述][20201118170625283.png_pic_center]

**成功连接 Mysql**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]

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[Link 1]: https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201118170530355.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201118170525200.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NxTDUyMGxU,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center
[20201118170625283.png_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201118170625283.png#pic_center
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