小游戏：200行python代码手写2048

待我称王封你为后i 2023-06-03 11:00 21阅读 0赞

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    import curses
    from random import randrange, choice 
    from collections import defaultdict 
    
    #Defines valid inputs to not allow for input errors 
    actions = ['Up', 'Left', 'Down', 'Right', 'Restart', 'Exit']
    lettercodes = [ord(ch) for ch in 'WASDRQwasdrq']
    actions_dict = dict(zip(lettercodes, actions * 2))
    
    # Character not in dictonary so it adds it to the dictionary to make it recongized
    def get_user_action(keyboard):
        char = 'N'
        while char not in actions_dict:
            char = keyboard.getch()
        return actions_dict[char]
    
    # Transpose of matrix to determine tile moveability
    def transpose(field):
        return [list(row) for row in zip(*field)]
    
    # Inversion of matrix to determine tile moveability
    def invert(field):
        return [row[::-1] for row in field]
    
    #Defines game terms: 4x4 matrix, if you get 2048 you win anf 
    class GameField(object):
        def __init__(self, height=4, width=4, win=2048):
            self.height = height 
            self.width = width 
            self.win_value = 2048
            self.score = 0
            self.highscore = 0
            self.reset()
    # Randomly inputs a either 2 or 4 into the board after a move has been made
        def spawn(self):
            new_element = 4 if randrange(100) > 89 else 2
            (i, j) = choice([(i, j) for i in range(self.width) for j in\
                             range(self.height) if self.field[i][j] == 0])
            self.field[i][j] = new_element
     # resets score but if a highscore it updates highscore first
        def reset(self):
            if self.score > self.highscore:
                self.highscore = self.score 
            self.score = 0
            self.field = [[0 for i in range(self.width)] for j in
                           range(self.height)]
            self.spawn()
            self.spawn()
     #Defines all the movements in the the game
        def move(self, direction):
            def move_row_left(row):
                #Collapses one row once 2 tiles are merged
                def tighten(row):
                    new_row = [i for i in row if i != 0]
                    new_row += [0 for i in range(len(row) - len(new_row))]
                    return new_row
                #merges 2 tiles if they are equal and multiplies the value by itself of the new tile. Them upates the score accordingly
                def merge(row):
                    pair = False
                    new_row = []
                    for i in range(len(row)):
                        if pair:
                            new_row.append(2 * row[i])
                            self.score += 2 * row[i]
                            pair = False
                        else: #if same value will append the 2 tiles
                            if i + 1 < len(row) and row[i] == row[i + 1]:
                                pair = True
                                new_row.append(0)
                            else:
                                new_row.append(row[i])
                    assert len(new_row) == len(row)
                    return new_row 
                return tighten(merge(tighten(row)))
            #Shows valid moves for each direction
            moves = {}
            moves['Left'] = lambda field: [move_row_left(row) for row in field]
            moves['Right'] = lambda field:\
                    invert(moves['Left'](invert(field)))
            moves['Up'] = lambda field:\
                    transpose(moves['Left'](transpose(field)))
            moves['Down'] = lambda field:\
                    transpose(moves['Right'](transpose(field)))
            # if move is valid it will spawn a new random tile (2 or 4)
            if direction in moves:
                if self.move_is_possible(direction):
                    self.field = moves[direction](self.field)
                    self.spawn()
                    return True
                else:
                    return False 
        # win if 2048 is reached
        def is_win(self):
            return any(any(i >= self.win_value for i in row) for row in self.field)
        #game is over if no possible moves on field 
        def is_gameover(self):
            return not any(self.move_is_possible(move) for move in actions)
    # Draws to screen depending on action
        def draw(self, screen):
            help_string1 = '(W)Up (S)Down (A)Left (D)Right'
            help_string2 = '    (R)Restart (Q)Exit'
            gameover_string = '         GAME OVER'
            win_string = '      YOU WIN!'
            def cast(string):
                screen.addstr(string + '\n')
    #seperator for horizontal tile sqaures
            def draw_hor_separator():
                line = '+' + ('+------' * self.width + '+')[1:]
                separator = defaultdict(lambda: line)
                if not hasattr(draw_hor_separator, "counter"):
                    draw_hor_separator.counter = 0
                cast(separator[draw_hor_separator.counter])
                draw_hor_separator.counter += 1
    #draws rows to create table to play game
            def draw_row(row):
                cast(''.join('|{: ^5} '.format(num) if num > 0 else '|      ' for
                             num in row) + '|')
            screen.clear()
            cast('SCORE: ' + str(self.score))
            if 0 != self.highscore:
                cast('HGHSCORE: ' + str(self.highscore))
            for row in self.field:
                draw_hor_separator()
                draw_row(row)
            draw_hor_separator()
            if self.is_win(): # if you win print you win string
                cast(win_string)
            else:
                if self.is_gameover(): # if you lose print game over string
                    cast(gameover_string)
                else:
                    cast(help_string1)
            cast(help_string2)
    # checks if valid move is possible for tile 
        def move_is_possible(self, direction):
            def row_is_left_movable(row):
                def change(i):
                    if row[i] == 0 and row[i + 1] != 0:
                        return True
                    if row[i] != 0 and row[i + 1] == row[i]:
                        return True
                    return False 
                return any(change(i) for i in range(len(row) - 1))
    # checks the directions in which a tile can move
            check = {}
            check['Left'] = lambda field:\
                     any(row_is_left_movable(row) for row in field)
            check['Right'] = lambda field:\
                    check['Left'](invert(field))
            check['Up'] = lambda field:\
                    check['Left'](transpose(field))
            check['Down'] = lambda field:\
                    check['Right'](transpose(field))
    
            if direction in check:
                return check[direction](self.field)
            else:
                return False 
    # main class to run game
    def main(stdscr):
        # initalize game
        def init():
            #重置游戏棋盘
            game_field.reset()
            return 'Game'
    #gives options if game is open but not in play
        def not_game(state):
            #画出 GameOver 的画面
            #读取用户输入判断是Restart还是Exit
            game_field.draw(stdscr)
            action = get_user_action(stdscr)
            responses = defaultdict(lambda: state)
            responses['Restart'], responses['Exit'] = 'Init', 'Exit'
            return responses[action]
        
        def game():
    # based on response will act appropriately (user says restart it will restart)
            game_field.draw(stdscr)
            action = get_user_action(stdscr)
            if action == 'Restart':
                return 'Init'
            if action == 'Exit':
                return 'Exit'
            if game_field.move(action):
                if game_field.is_win():
                    return 'Win'
                if game_field.is_gameover():
                    return 'Gameover'
            return 'Game'
    # defines the 4 possible actions that the user can be in
        state_actions = {
            'Init' : init,
            'Win' : lambda: not_game('Win'),
            'Gameover': lambda: not_game('Gameover'),
            'Game': game 
        }
        #As long as user doesnt exit keep game going
        curses.use_default_colors()
        game_field = GameField(win = 32)
        state = 'Init'
        while state != 'Exit':
            state = state_actions[state]()
    
    curses.wrapper(main)

普通版:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    #Importing libraries to be used
    import wx 
    import os
    import random
    import copy
    
    # creating the user interface frame that the user will interact with and perform actions that will have an appropriate response
    class Frame(wx.Frame):
        def __init__(self,title):
            #created a default toolbar of application with a resizeable option and minimize box 
            super(Frame,self).__init__(None,-1,title,
                    style=wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE^wx.MAXIMIZE_BOX^wx.RESIZE_BORDER)
            #Setting different colours for each tile in the game
            self.colors = {0:(204,192,179),2:(238, 228, 218),4:(237, 224, 200),
                    8:(242, 177, 121),16:(245, 149, 99),32:(246, 124, 95),
                    64:(246, 94, 59),128:(237, 207, 114),256:(237, 207, 114),
                    512:(237, 207, 114),1024:(237, 207, 114),2048:(237, 207, 114),
                    4096:(237, 207, 114),8192:(237, 207, 114),16384:(237, 207, 114),
                    32768:(237, 207, 114),65536:(237, 207, 114),131072:(237, 207, 114),
                    262144:(237, 207, 114),524288:(237, 207, 114),1048576:(237, 207, 114),
                    2097152:(237, 207, 114),4194304:(237, 207, 114),
                    8388608:(237, 207, 114),16777216:(237, 207, 114),
                    33554432:(237, 207, 114),67108864:(237, 207, 114),
                    134217728:(237, 207, 114),268435456:(237, 207, 114),
                    536870912:(237, 207, 114),1073741824:(237, 207, 114),
                    2147483648:(237, 207, 114),4294967296:(237, 207, 114),
                    8589934592:(237, 207, 114),17179869184:(237, 207, 114),
                    34359738368:(237, 207, 114),68719476736:(237, 207, 114),
                    137438953472:(237, 207, 114),274877906944:(237, 207, 114),
                    549755813888:(237, 207, 114),1099511627776:(237, 207, 114),
                    2199023255552:(237, 207, 114),4398046511104:(237, 207, 114),
                    8796093022208:(237, 207, 114),17592186044416:(237, 207, 114),
                    35184372088832:(237, 207, 114),70368744177664:(237, 207, 114),
                    140737488355328:(237, 207, 114),281474976710656:(237, 207, 114),
                    562949953421312:(237, 207, 114),1125899906842624:(237, 207, 114),
                    2251799813685248:(237, 207, 114),4503599627370496:(237, 207, 114),
                    9007199254740992:(237, 207, 114),18014398509481984:(237, 207, 114),
                    36028797018963968:(237, 207, 114),72057594037927936:(237, 207, 114)}
         #Initalize game           
            self.setIcon()
            self.initGame()
        #Displays game and provides settings to move the tiles
            panel = wx.Panel(self)
            panel.Bind(wx.EVT_KEY_DOWN,self.onKeyDown)
            panel.SetFocus()
            self.initBuffer()
            self.Bind(wx.EVT_SIZE,self.onSize) 
            self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT, self.onPaint)
            self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE,self.onClose)
            self.SetClientSize((505,720))
            self.Center()
            self.Show()
        #Puts on board so user can see
        def onPaint(self,event):
            dc = wx.BufferedPaintDC(self,self.buffer)
        # Saves score and terminates when closed
        def onClose(self,event):
            self.saveScore()
            self.Destroy()
        #   putting icon on toolbar
        def setIcon(self):
            icon = wx.Icon("icon.ico",wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ICO)
            self.SetIcon(icon)
         #Opens previous game and loads and updates score
        def loadScore(self):
            if os.path.exists("bestscore.ini"):
                ff = open("bestscore.ini")
                self.bstScore = ff.read()
                ff.close()
         #Saves score and writes to file so it may be opened later
        def saveScore(self):
            ff = open("bestscore.ini","w")
            ff.write(str(self.bstScore))
            ff.close()
         #Initalize game so when it opens it displays text, score and all data needed for the game
        def initGame(self):
            self.bgFont = wx.Font(50,wx.SWISS,wx.NORMAL,wx.BOLD,face=u"Roboto")
            self.scFont = wx.Font(36,wx.SWISS,wx.NORMAL,wx.BOLD,face=u"Roboto")
            self.smFont = wx.Font(12,wx.SWISS,wx.NORMAL,wx.NORMAL,face=u"Roboto")
            self.curScore = 0
            self.bstScore = 0
            self.loadScore()
            # 4 rows and 4 coloums for tiles ( using arrays because it easily represents system used )
            self.data = [[0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0]]
            count = 0
            # First 2 tile inialized if 1 tile it must be 2 but if 2 tiles connected then its 4
            while count<2: 
                row = random.randint(0,len(self.data)-1) 
                col = random.randint(0,len(self.data[0])-1)
                if self.data[row][col]!=0: continue           
                self.data[row][col] = 2 if random.randint(0,1) else 4
                count += 1
             # empty bitmap to put pixels in for game   
        def initBuffer(self):
            w,h = self.GetClientSize()
            self.buffer = wx.EmptyBitmap(w,h)
            #Displays all drawings to the screen
        def onSize(self,event):
            self.initBuffer()
            self.drawAll()
            #Placing tiles on screen and multiplying by 2 if 2 tiles interact with one another(game logic) 
        def putTile(self):
            available = []
            for row in range(len(self.data)):
                for col in range(len(self.data[0])):
                    if self.data[row][col]==0: available.append((row,col)) # add tile if empty square
            if available:
                row,col = available[random.randint(0,len(available)-1)]
                self.data[row][col] = 2 if random.randint(0,1) else 4 
                return True
            return False
        def update(self,vlist,direct): # updates score and game tiles 
            score = 0
            if direct: #up or left
                i = 1
                while i<len(vlist): 
                    # if 2 tiles of equal value mesh upward it multiples the values and deletes the ith number (2 squares = 1 square)
                    if vlist[i-1]==vlist[i]:
                        del vlist[i]
                        vlist[i-1] *= 2
                        score += vlist[i-1] # Adds multiplied value to score 
                        i += 1
                    i += 1
            else:
                #direction moved downward same thing as above but different direction
                i = len(vlist)-1
                while i>0:
                    if vlist[i-1]==vlist[i]:
                        del vlist[i]
                        vlist[i-1] *= 2
                        score += vlist[i-1]
                        i -= 1
                    i -= 1      
            return score
            # The calucation and keeping logs of data for score (upward and downward movements)
        def slideUpDown(self,up):
            score = 0
            numCols = len(self.data[0])
            numRows = len(self.data)
            oldData = copy.deepcopy(self.data)
            
            for col in range(numCols):
                cvl = [self.data[row][col] for row in range(numRows) if self.data[row][col]!=0]
                if len(cvl)>=2:
                    score += self.update(cvl,up)
                for i in range(numRows-len(cvl)):
                    if up: cvl.append(0)
                    else: cvl.insert(0,0)
                for row in range(numRows): self.data[row][col] = cvl[row]
            return oldData!=self.data,score
        
        # The calucation and keeping logs of data for score (right and left movements)
        def slideLeftRight(self,left):
            score = 0
            numRows = len(self.data)
            numCols = len(self.data[0])
            oldData = copy.deepcopy(self.data)
            
            for row in range(numRows):
                rvl = [self.data[row][col] for col in range(numCols) if self.data[row][col]!=0]
                if len(rvl)>=2:           
                    score += self.update(rvl,left)
                for i in range(numCols-len(rvl)):
                    if left: rvl.append(0)
                    else: rvl.insert(0,0)
                for col in range(numCols): self.data[row][col] = rvl[col]
            return oldData!=self.data,score
        def isGameOver(self):
            copyData = copy.deepcopy(self.data)
            
            flag = False # Tile is not moveable or you have lost if all tiles cant move any pieces up,down, left or right 
            if not self.slideUpDown(True)[0] and not self.slideUpDown(False)[0] and \
                    not self.slideLeftRight(True)[0] and not self.slideLeftRight(False)[0]:
                flag = True #continue playing and copydata 
            if not flag: self.data = copyData
            return flag
      # Game logic to see if you can make a move or end the game
        def doMove(self,move,score):
            # if you can move put a tile and update change
            if move:
                self.putTile()
                self.drawChange(score)
                # if game is over put a message box and update best score if its the new best score
                if self.isGameOver():
                    if wx.MessageBox(u"游戏结束，是否重新开始？",u"哈哈",
                            wx.YES_NO|wx.ICON_INFORMATION)==wx.YES:
                        bstScore = self.bstScore
                        self.initGame()
                        self.bstScore = bstScore
                        self.drawAll()
                        
        # when you click a directon for the tile to move, it moves in the appropriate direction
        def onKeyDown(self,event):
            keyCode = event.GetKeyCode()
                    
            if keyCode==wx.WXK_UP:
                self.doMove(*self.slideUpDown(True))
            elif keyCode==wx.WXK_DOWN:
                self.doMove(*self.slideUpDown(False))
            elif keyCode==wx.WXK_LEFT:
                self.doMove(*self.slideLeftRight(True))
            elif keyCode==wx.WXK_RIGHT:
                self.doMove(*self.slideLeftRight(False))        
                    
         # Creates background for the game board
        def drawBg(self,dc):
            dc.SetBackground(wx.Brush((250,248,239)))
            dc.Clear()
            dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush((187,173,160)))
            dc.SetPen(wx.Pen((187,173,160)))
            dc.DrawRoundedRectangle(15,150,475,475,5)
            #Creates a 2048 logo
        def drawLogo(self,dc):
            dc.SetFont(self.bgFont)
            dc.SetTextForeground((119,110,101))
            dc.DrawText(u"2048",15,26)
            # provides text to screen (Chinese text)
        def drawLabel(self,dc):
            dc.SetFont(self.smFont)
            dc.SetTextForeground((119,110,101))
            dc.DrawText(u"合并相同数字，得到2048吧!",15,114)
            dc.DrawText(u"怎么玩: \n用-> <- 上下左右箭头按键来移动方块. \
                    \n当两个相同数字的方块碰到一起时，会合成一个!",15,639)
            # Displays score to screen 
        def drawScore(self,dc):            
            dc.SetFont(self.smFont)
            scoreLabelSize = dc.GetTextExtent(u"SCORE")
            bestLabelSize = dc.GetTextExtent(u"BEST")
            curScoreBoardMinW = 15*2+scoreLabelSize[0]
            bstScoreBoardMinW = 15*2+bestLabelSize[0]
            curScoreSize = dc.GetTextExtent(str(self.curScore))
            bstScoreSize = dc.GetTextExtent(str(self.bstScore))
            curScoreBoardNedW = 10+curScoreSize[0]
            bstScoreBoardNedW = 10+bstScoreSize[0]
            curScoreBoardW = max(curScoreBoardMinW,curScoreBoardNedW)
            bstScoreBoardW = max(bstScoreBoardMinW,bstScoreBoardNedW)
            dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush((187,173,160)))
            dc.SetPen(wx.Pen((187,173,160)))
            dc.DrawRoundedRectangle(505-15-bstScoreBoardW,40,bstScoreBoardW,50,3)
            dc.DrawRoundedRectangle(505-15-bstScoreBoardW-5-curScoreBoardW,40,curScoreBoardW,50,3)
            dc.SetTextForeground((238,228,218))
            dc.DrawText(u"BEST",505-15-bstScoreBoardW+(bstScoreBoardW-bestLabelSize[0])/2,48)
            dc.DrawText(u"SCORE",505-15-bstScoreBoardW-5-curScoreBoardW+(curScoreBoardW-scoreLabelSize[0])/2,48)
            dc.SetTextForeground((255,255,255))
            dc.DrawText(str(self.bstScore),505-15-bstScoreBoardW+(bstScoreBoardW-bstScoreSize[0])/2,68)
            dc.DrawText(str(self.curScore),505-15-bstScoreBoardW-5-curScoreBoardW+(curScoreBoardW-curScoreSize[0])/2,68)
        # Put rounded rectangular tiles on screen
        def drawTiles(self,dc):
            dc.SetFont(self.scFont)
            for row in range(4):
                for col in range(4):
                    value = self.data[row][col]
                    color = self.colors[value]
                    if value==2 or value==4:
                        dc.SetTextForeground((119,110,101))
                    else:
                        dc.SetTextForeground((255,255,255))
                    dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(color))
                    dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(color))
                    dc.DrawRoundedRectangle(30+col*115,165+row*115,100,100,2)
                    size = dc.GetTextExtent(str(value))
                    while size[0]>100-15*2: # changes font size based on number within tile
                        self.scFont = wx.Font(self.scFont.GetPointSize()*4/5,wx.SWISS,wx.NORMAL,wx.BOLD,face=u"Roboto")
                        dc.SetFont(self.scFont)
                        size = dc.GetTextExtent(str(value))
                    if value!=0: dc.DrawText(str(value),30+col*115+(100-size[0])/2,165+row*115+(100-size[1])/2)
        # Draws everything to the screen
        def drawAll(self):
            dc = wx.BufferedDC(wx.ClientDC(self),self.buffer)
            self.drawBg(dc)
            self.drawLogo(dc)
            self.drawLabel(dc)
            self.drawScore(dc)
            self.drawTiles(dc)
        # Calculates current score and checks if it is the best score and if so updates    
        def drawChange(self,score):
            dc = wx.BufferedDC(wx.ClientDC(self),self.buffer)
            if score:
                self.curScore += score
                if self.curScore > self.bstScore:
                    self.bstScore = self.curScore
                self.drawScore(dc)
            self.drawTiles(dc)
         # Shows creator info
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        app = wx.App()
        Frame(u"2048 v1.0.1 by Guolz")
        app.MainLoop()

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/still-smile/p/11586725.html