cp - copy files and directories - 拷贝文件或目录

野性酷女 2023-02-19 13:28 2阅读 0赞

#  cp - copy files and directories - 拷贝文件或目录 #

## 1. DESCRIPTION ##

Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.  
复制文件或目录。

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.  
长选项的强制性参数对于短选项也是必需的。

`cp file directory/` \- `cp file directory`

(pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./cheng/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun  5 22:07 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 20:16 ../
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ cp yongqiang.txt ./cheng/
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./cheng/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:19 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 20:16 ../
    -rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang   0 Jun 20 21:19 yongqiang.txt
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$

(pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./cheng/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:20 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 20:16 ../
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ cp yongqiang.txt ./cheng
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./cheng/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:21 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 20:16 ../
    -rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang   0 Jun 20 21:21 yongqiang.txt
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$

`cp -r directory1/ directory2/` \- `cp -r directory1/ directory2`  
将 directory1 及其 directory1 下包含的文件复制到 directory2 下。

(pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./cheng/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:21 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:48 ../
    -rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang   0 Jun 20 21:21 yongqiang.txt
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./yong/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:48 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:48 ../
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ cp -r ./cheng/ ./yong
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./yong/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:49 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:48 ../
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:49 cheng/
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./yong/cheng/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:49 ./
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:49 ../
    -rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang   0 Jun 20 21:49 yongqiang.txt
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$

`-f, --force`  
if an existing destination file cannot be opened, remove it and try again (this option is ignored when the `-n` option is also used)  
如果无法打开现有的目标文件，请将其删除并重试 （当同时使用 `-n` 选项时，此选项将被忽略）。

`-i, --interactive`  
prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous `-n` option).  
询问，如果目标文件已经存在，则会询问是否覆盖。

`-l, --link`  
hard link files instead of copying.  
目标文件建立为源文件的硬链接文件，而不是复制源文件。

`-R, -r, --recursive`  
copy directories recursively.  
递归复制。

`-s, --symbolic-link`  
make symbolic links instead of copying.  
目标文件建立为源文件的软链接文件，而不是复制源文件。

`-v, --verbose`  
explain what is being done.

`--help`  
display this help and exit

`--version`  
output version information and exit.

源文件有多个时，目标文件必须是目录可以。

`cp -r directory1/* directory2/` \- `cp -r directory1/* directory2`  
directory1 下的文件复制到 directory2，不包括 directory1 目录。

(pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./cheng/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:21 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:48 ../
    -rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang   0 Jun 20 21:21 yongqiang.txt
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./yong/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:58 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:48 ../
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ cp -r ./cheng/* ./yong
    yong/          yongqiang/     yongqiang.txt
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ cp -r ./cheng/* ./yong/
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./yong/
    total 0
    drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:59 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 20 21:48 ../
    -rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang   0 Jun 20 21:59 yongqiang.txt
    (pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$

`cp file1 file2`  
指定所需的文件名 file2，file1 复制并重命名为 file2。

(pt-1.4_py-3.6) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ cp ./foreverstrong.txt ./yongqiang.txt