Go实现学生管理系统[函数+面向对象(方法)]

我不是女神ヾ 2023-02-16 06:56 62阅读 0赞

**函数版**

package main
    import (
    	"fmt"
    	"os"
    )
    var allStudent map[uint64]*student
    type student struct { 
    	id   uint64
    	name string
    }
    func newStudent(id uint64, name string) *student { 
    	return &student{ 
    		id:   id,
    		name: name,
    	}
    }
    func addStudent() { 
    	var name string
    	var id uint64
    	fmt.Print("请输入学生姓名:")
    	fmt.Scanln(&name)
    	fmt.Print("请输入学生ID:")
    	fmt.Scanln(&id)
    	newStu := newStudent(id, name)
    	allStudent[id] = newStu
    	fmt.Print("添加成功!,继续请回车[enter]...")
    	fmt.Scanln()
    }
    func delStudent() { 
    	var id uint64
    	fmt.Print("请输入学生id:")
    	fmt.Scanln(&id)
    	if _, ok := allStudent[id]; ok { 
    		delete(allStudent, id)
    		fmt.Print("删除成功")
    	} else { 
    		fmt.Printf("没有该学生【%d】", id)
    	}
    	fmt.Print(",继续请回车[enter]...")
    	fmt.Scanln()
    
    }
    func queryStudent() { 
    	var id uint64
    	fmt.Print("请输入学生id:")
    	fmt.Scanln(&id)
    	if stu, ok := allStudent[id]; ok { 
    		fmt.Printf("%v", *stu)
    	} else { 
    		fmt.Print("没有该学生")
    	}
    	fmt.Print(",继续请回车[enter]...")
    	fmt.Scanln()
    }
    func queryAllStudent() { 
    	fmt.Println("^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^")
    	fmt.Println("学号\t姓名")
    	for k, v := range allStudent { 
    		fmt.Printf("%d\t%v\n", k, v.name)
    	}
    	fmt.Println("vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv")
    }
    
    func main() { 
    	allStudent = make(map[uint64]*student, 50)
    	for { 
    		fmt.Println("==========================================================")
    		fmt.Println("0.退出\t1.增加学生\t2.删除学生\t3.查询学生\t4.查询所有")
    		fmt.Printf("请输入你的选择:")
    		var choice int8
    		fmt.Scanln(&choice)
    		fmt.Printf("你的选择是:%d\n", choice)
    		switch choice { 
    		case 0:
    			os.Exit(1)
    		case 1:
    			addStudent()
    		case 2:
    			delStudent()
    		case 3:
    			queryStudent()
    		case 4:
    			queryAllStudent()
    		default:
    			fmt.Println("输入错误！请输入屏幕的数字")
    		}
    	}
    }

--------------------

**面向对象(方法)**

package main
    import (
    	"fmt"
    	"os"
    )
    type person struct { 
    	id   uint64
    	name string
    }
    type student struct { 
    	class string
    	person
    }
    type admin struct { 
    	password string
    	person
    }
    func (a *admin) newAdmin(id uint64, name string, password string) *admin { 
    	return &admin{ 
    		password: password,
    		person:   person{ id: id, name: name},
    	}
    }
    func (a *admin) newStudent(id uint64, name string, class string) *student { 
    	return &student{ 
    		person: person{ id: id, name: name},
    		class:  class,
    	}
    }
    func (a *admin) addStudent() { 
    	var name string
    	var class string
    	var id uint64
    	fmt.Print("请输入学生姓名:")
    	fmt.Scanln(&name)
    	fmt.Print("请输入学生ID:")
    	fmt.Scanln(&id)
    	fmt.Print("请输入学生班级:")
    	fmt.Scanln(&class)
    	newStu := a.newStudent(id, name, class)
    	allStudent[id] = newStu
    	fmt.Print("添加成功!,继续请回车[enter]...")
    	fmt.Scanln()
    }
    func (a *admin) delStudent() { 
    	var id uint64
    	fmt.Print("请输入学生id:")
    	fmt.Scanln(&id)
    	if _, ok := allStudent[id]; ok { 
    		delete(allStudent, id)
    		fmt.Print("删除成功")
    	} else { 
    		fmt.Printf("没有该学生【%d】", id)
    	}
    	fmt.Print(",继续请回车[enter]...")
    	fmt.Scanln()
    }
    
    func queryStudent() { 
    	var id uint64
    	fmt.Print("请输入学生id:")
    	fmt.Scanln(&id)
    	if stu, ok := allStudent[id]; ok { 
    		fmt.Printf("%v", *stu)
    	} else { 
    		fmt.Print("没有该学生")
    	}
    	fmt.Print(",继续请回车[enter]...")
    	fmt.Scanln()
    }
    func queryAllStudent() { 
    	fmt.Println("^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^")
    	fmt.Println("\t学号\t姓名\t班级")
    	for k, v := range allStudent { 
    		fmt.Printf("\t%d\t%v\t%s\n", k, v.name, v.class)
    	}
    	fmt.Println("vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv")
    }
    var (
    	allStudent map[uint64]*student
    	allAdmin   map[uint64]*admin
    )
    func publicMenu() { 
    	for { 
    		fmt.Println("=========================欢迎回来【公共版】=========================")
    		fmt.Println("\t0.返回首页\t1.查询学生\t2.查询所有")
    		fmt.Printf("请输入你的选择:")
    		var choice int8
    		fmt.Scanln(&choice)
    		switch choice { 
    		case 0:
    			return
    		case 1:
    			queryStudent()
    		case 2:
    			queryAllStudent()
    		default:
    			fmt.Println("输入错误！请输入屏幕的数字")
    		}
    	}
    }
    func adminMenu(a *admin) { 
    	for { 
    		fmt.Printf("=========================欢迎回来,【%#v】管理员=========================\n", a.person.name)
    		fmt.Println("\t0.注销登录\t1.增加学生\t2.删除学生\t3.查询学生\t4.查询所有")
    		fmt.Printf("请输入你的选择:")
    		var choice int8
    		fmt.Scanln(&choice)
    		switch choice { 
    		case 0:
    			return
    		case 1:
    			a.addStudent()
    		case 2:
    			a.delStudent()
    		case 3:
    			queryStudent()
    		case 4:
    			queryAllStudent()
    		default:
    			fmt.Println("输入错误！请输入屏幕的数字")
    		}
    	}
    
    }
    func main() { 
    	allAdmin = make(map[uint64]*admin, 10)
    	adminObj := admin{ person: person{ id: 1, name: "admin"}, password: "123456"}
    	allAdmin[1] = &adminObj
    	allStudent = make(map[uint64]*student, 50)
    
    	var pID uint64
    	var pChoice uint8
    	var pPassword string
    	for { 
    		fmt.Println("=========================欢迎来到KNHO学生管理系统=========================")
    		fmt.Println("\t0.退出系统\t1.公共版面\t2.管理版面")
    		fmt.Print("请输入您的选择:")
    		fmt.Scanln(&pChoice)
    		switch pChoice { 
    		case 0:
    			os.Exit(1)
    		case 1:
    			publicMenu()
    		case 2:
    			fmt.Print("请输入您的账户ID:")
    			fmt.Scanln(&pID)
    			//查询是否是管理员
    			if value, ok := allAdmin[pID]; ok { 
    				fmt.Printf("请输入密码: ")
    				fmt.Scanln(&pPassword)
    				if allAdmin[pID].password == pPassword { 
    					adminMenu(value) //默认成功，跳转管理员界面
    				} else { 
    					fmt.Print("[logging failed] 密码错误,请核实您账户的密码! 继续请回车[enter]...")
    					fmt.Scanln()
    				}
    			} else { 
    				fmt.Print("[logging failed] 账户不存在,请核实您的账户! 继续请回车[enter]...")
    				fmt.Scanln()
    			}
    		default:
    			fmt.Println("输入错误！请输入屏幕的数字")
    		}
    
    	}
    }

--------------------

**细节探究**  
`var allStudent map[uint64]student`与 `var allStudent map[uint64]*student`的区别  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4OTAwNTY1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]  
使用指针将节省内存：首先需要实例化结构体(开辟内存块A)，将结构体对象存入map的value中(这过程称为拷贝\\复制，需另外开辟内存块B)，一份东西放在两个地方存储。

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4OTAwNTY1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200609114428363.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4OTAwNTY1,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center