Ant – Spring MVC和WAR文件示例

分手后的思念是犯贱 2023-02-15 05:16 13阅读 0赞

在本教程中，我们将向您展示如何使用Ant构建脚本来管理Spring MVC Web应用程序项目，创建WAR文件并将其部署到Tomcat。

使用的技术：

1.  Eclipse 4.2
2.  JDK 1.7
3.  蚂蚁1.9.4
4.  蚂蚁常春藤2.4
5.  登入1.1.2
6.  jstl 1.2
7.  春天4.1.3。发布
8.  雄猫7

## 1.项目目录 ##

审查最终项目结构：

![Ant-SpringMVC-项目][Ant-SpringMVC-]![Ant-SpringMVC-项目][Ant-SpringMVC- 1]

1.  资源–放置Java源代码所需的xml和属性文件。 像log4j.properties，logback.xml，db.properties等。
2.  src –放置Java源代码。
3.  目标–最终的WAR文件将存储在此处。
4.  战争–与网络相关的内容。
5.  war / WEB-INF – WAR文件的标准WEB-INF目录结构。
6.  战争/资源–适用于CSS和JS文件

## 2.项目依赖 ##

我们使用Ivy下载项目依赖项：

ivy.xml

<ivy-module version="2.0">
    	<info organisation="org.apache" module="WebProject" />
    	
    	
    	<configurations>
            <conf name="compile" description="compile dependencies"/>
            <conf name="runtime" description="runtime dependencies" extends="compile"/>
            <conf name="test"    description="test dependencies" extends="runtime"/>
        </configurations>
        
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency org="org.slf4j" name="slf4j-api" rev="1.7.6" conf="compile->default"/>
    		<dependency org="jstl" name="jstl" rev="1.2" conf="compile->default"/>
    		<dependency org="ch.qos.logback" name="logback-classic" rev="1.1.2" conf="compile->default"/>
    		<dependency org="org.springframework" name="spring-core" rev="4.1.3.RELEASE" conf="compile->default"/>
    		<dependency org="org.springframework" name="spring-beans" rev="4.1.3.RELEASE" conf="compile->default"/>
    		<dependency org="org.springframework" name="spring-context" rev="4.1.3.RELEASE" conf="compile->default"/>
    		<dependency org="org.springframework" name="spring-web" rev="4.1.3.RELEASE" conf="compile->default"/>
    		<dependency org="org.springframework" name="spring-webmvc" rev="4.1.3.RELEASE" conf="compile->default"/>
    	</dependencies>
    </ivy-module>

## 3.蚂蚁构建脚本 ##

用于管理此Spring MVC项目的Ant脚本，请阅读自述。

build.xml

<project xmlns:ivy="antlib:org.apache.ivy.ant" name="HelloProject" default="main" basedir=".">
    	<description>
    		Create a Spring MVC (WAR) with Ant build script
    	</description>
    
    	
    	<property name="jdk.version" value="1.7" />
    	<property name="projectName" value="WebProject" />
    	<property name="src.dir" location="src" />
    	<property name="resources.dir" location="resources" />
    	<property name="web.dir" value="war" />
    	<property name="web.classes.dir" location="${web.dir}/WEB-INF/classes" />
    	<property name="target.dir" location="target" />
    	<property name="target.temp.dir" location="target/temp" />
    	<property name="lib.dir" value="lib" />
    
    	
    	<target name="resolve" description="retrieve dependencies with ivy">
    		<echo message="Getting dependencies..." />
    		<ivy:retrieve />
    
    		<ivy:cachepath pathid="compile.path" conf="compile" />
    		<ivy:cachepath pathid="runtime.path" conf="runtime" />
    		<ivy:cachepath pathid="test.path" conf="test" />
    
    	</target>
    
    	
    	<target name="ivy" description="Install ivy">
    		<mkdir dir="${user.home}/.ant/lib" />
    		<get dest="${user.home}/.ant/lib/ivy.jar" 
    		src="http://search.maven.org/remotecontent?filepath=org/apache/ivy/ivy/2.4.0-rc1/ivy-2.4.0-rc1.jar" />
    	</target>
    	
    
    	
    	<target name="compile" depends="init, resolve" description="compile source code">
    		<mkdir dir="${web.classes.dir}" />
    		<javac destdir="${web.classes.dir}" source="${jdk.version}" target="${jdk.version}" 
    			debug="true" includeantruntime="false" classpathref="compile.path">
    			<src path="${src.dir}" />
    		</javac>
    	</target>
    
    	
    	<target name="copy-resources" 
                    description="copy Java resources like xml and properties files">
    		<copy todir="${web.classes.dir}">
    			<fileset dir="${resources.dir}">
    				<include name="**/*.xml" />
    				<include name="**/*.properties" />
    			</fileset>
    		</copy>
    	</target>
    
    	
    	<target name="package" depends="clean, compile, copy-resources" 
                    description="create a war file">
    
    		
    		<ivy:retrieve pattern="${lib.dir}/[artifact]-[revision].[ext]" conf="runtime" />
    
    		<war destfile="${target.dir}/helloproject.war" webxml="${web.dir}/WEB-INF/web.xml">
    			
    			<webinf dir="${web.dir}/WEB-INF" />
    			<lib dir="${lib.dir}" />
    			<zipfileset dir="${web.dir}/resources" prefix="resources" />
    		</war>
    	</target>
    
    	
    	<target name="init">
    		<mkdir dir="${src.dir}" />
    		<mkdir dir="${target.dir}" />
    		<mkdir dir="${web.classes.dir}" />
    	</target>
    
    	
    	<target name="clean" description="clean up">
    		<delete dir="${web.classes.dir}" />
    		<delete dir="${target.dir}" />
    	</target>
    
    	<target name="main" depends="package" />
    
    </project>

## 4. Spring MVC，JSP和XML文件 ##

如果您有兴趣，这里是完整的Java，XML和JSP文件。

4.1 Spring MVC控制器类。

WelcomeController.java

package com.mkyong.controller;
     
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    
    @Controller
    public class WelcomeController {
     
    	private static final String VIEW_INDEX = "index";
    	private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WelcomeController.class);
     
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    	public String welcome(ModelMap model) {
     
    		model.addAttribute("message", "");
    		logger.debug("[welcome]");
     
    		return VIEW_INDEX;
     
    	}
     
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/{name}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    	public String welcomeName(@PathVariable String name, ModelMap model) {
     
    		model.addAttribute("message", "Welcome " + name);
    		logger.debug("[welcomeName] name : {}", name);
    		return VIEW_INDEX;
     
    	}
     
    }

4.2简单的logback配置文件，用于记录日志。

logback.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <configuration>
     
    	<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
    	  <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
     
    		<Pattern>
    			ANT + LogBack : %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
    		</Pattern>
     
    	  </layout>
    	</appender>
     
    	<root level="debug">
    	  <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
    	</root>
     
    </configuration>

4.3 JSP和CSS文件。

war/WEB-INF/pages/index.jsp

<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
    <c:url var="resources" value="/resources/theme1" scope="request" />
    
    <html>
    <head>
    <link href="${resources}/css/core.css" rel="stylesheet">
    </head>
    <body>
    <h1>Ant + Spring MVC Web Project Example</h1>
     
    <p>Message : ${message}</p>	
    </body>
    </html>

war/resources/theme1/css/core.css

h1 {
    	font-size: 50px;
    }
    
    p {
    	font-size: 20px;
    	border: 5px solid red;
    	padding:10px;
    }

4.4弹簧配置。

mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
            
    	<context:component-scan base-package="com.mkyong.controller" />
    
    	<bean
    		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    		<property name="prefix">
    			<value>/WEB-INF/pages/</value>
    		</property>
    		<property name="suffix">
    			<value>.jsp</value>
    		</property>
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
    	
    	<mvc:annotation-driven />
    	
    </beans>

4.5一个标准的web.xml，与Spring容器集成。

web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    		xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    	      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    	version="2.5">
     
    	<display-name>Ant + Spring MVC Web Application</display-name>
     
    	<servlet>
    		<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    	</servlet>
     
    	<servlet-mapping>
    		<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    	</servlet-mapping>
     
    	<context-param>
    		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    		<param-value>/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    	</context-param>
     
    	<listener>
    		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    	</listener>
    </web-app>

## 5.运行并测试 ##

5.1默认情况下，它将运行`package`任务。

$ pwd
    /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntSpringMVC
    
    $ ant
    
    Buildfile: /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntSpringMVC/build.xml
    
    clean:
       [delete] Deleting directory /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntSpringMVC/war/WEB-INF/classes
       [delete] Deleting directory /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntSpringMVC/target
    
    init:
        [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntSpringMVC/target
        [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntSpringMVC/war/WEB-INF/classes
    
    resolve:
         [echo] Getting dependencies...
    [ivy:retrieve] :: Apache Ivy 2.4.0-rc1 - 20140315220245 :: http://ant.apache.org/ivy/ ::
    [ivy:retrieve] :: loading settings :: url = jar:file:/Users/mkyong/.ant/lib/ivy.jar!/org/apache/ivy/core/settings/ivysettings.xml
    [ivy:retrieve] :: resolving dependencies :: org.apache#WebProject;working@mkyong-mac
    [ivy:retrieve] 	confs: [compile, runtime, test]
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found org.slf4j#slf4j-api;1.7.6 in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found jstl#jstl;1.2 in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found ch.qos.logback#logback-classic;1.1.2 in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found ch.qos.logback#logback-core;1.1.2 in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found org.springframework#spring-core;4.1.3.RELEASE in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found commons-logging#commons-logging;1.2 in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found org.springframework#spring-beans;4.1.3.RELEASE in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found org.springframework#spring-context;4.1.3.RELEASE in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found org.springframework#spring-aop;4.1.3.RELEASE in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found aopalliance#aopalliance;1.0 in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found org.springframework#spring-expression;4.1.3.RELEASE in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found org.springframework#spring-web;4.1.3.RELEASE in public
    [ivy:retrieve] 	found org.springframework#spring-webmvc;4.1.3.RELEASE in public
    [ivy:retrieve] :: resolution report :: resolve 974ms :: artifacts dl 19ms
    	---------------------------------------------------------------------
    	|                  |            modules            ||   artifacts   |
    	|       conf       | number| search|dwnlded|evicted|| number|dwnlded|
    	---------------------------------------------------------------------
    	|      compile     |   13  |   0   |   0   |   0   ||   13  |   0   |
    	|      runtime     |   13  |   0   |   0   |   0   ||   13  |   0   |
    	|       test       |   13  |   0   |   0   |   0   ||   13  |   0   |
    	---------------------------------------------------------------------
    [ivy:retrieve] :: retrieving :: org.apache#WebProject
    [ivy:retrieve] 	confs: [compile, runtime, test]
    [ivy:retrieve] 	2 artifacts copied, 11 already retrieved (682kB/31ms)
    
    compile:
        [javac] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntSpringMVC/war/WEB-INF/classes
    
    copy-resources:
         [copy] Copying 1 file to /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntSpringMVC/war/WEB-INF/classes
    
    package:
    [ivy:retrieve] :: retrieving :: org.apache#WebProject
    [ivy:retrieve] 	confs: [runtime]
    [ivy:retrieve] 	0 artifacts copied, 13 already retrieved (0kB/11ms)
          [war] Building war: /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntSpringMVC/target/helloproject.war
    
    main:
    
    BUILD SUCCESSFUL
    Total time: 3 seconds

以上结果可能会因您的开发环境而异。 如果构建成功，将在`target`文件夹中创建最终的WAR文件。

5.2查看生成的WAR文件的内容– `helloproject.war`

mkyong-mac:AntSpringMVC mkyong$ tar -tvf target/helloproject.war 
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 26 16:55 META-INF/
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0         103 Dec 26 16:55 META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 26 16:55 WEB-INF/
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0         897 Dec 24 15:05 WEB-INF/web.xml
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 26 16:55 WEB-INF/classes/
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 26 16:55 WEB-INF/classes/com/
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 26 16:55 WEB-INF/classes/com/mkyong/
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 26 16:55 WEB-INF/classes/com/mkyong/controller/
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 24 17:05 WEB-INF/lib/
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 24 15:04 WEB-INF/pages/
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0        1903 Dec 26 16:55 WEB-INF/classes/com/mkyong/controller/WelcomeController.class
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0         372 Dec 26 16:55 WEB-INF/classes/logback.xml
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0        1030 Dec 25 13:41 WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0         311 Dec 25 13:44 WEB-INF/pages/index.jsp
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0        4467 Aug  1  2005 WEB-INF/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0       61829 Jul  6 02:12 WEB-INF/lib/commons-logging-1.2.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0      414240 Jul 22  2006 WEB-INF/lib/jstl-1.2.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0      270750 Apr  3  2014 WEB-INF/lib/logback-classic-1.1.2.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0      427729 Apr  3  2014 WEB-INF/lib/logback-core-1.1.2.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0       28688 Feb  6  2014 WEB-INF/lib/slf4j-api-1.7.6.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0      359018 Dec  9 18:48 WEB-INF/lib/spring-aop-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0      707820 Dec  9 18:48 WEB-INF/lib/spring-beans-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0     1026840 Dec  9 18:48 WEB-INF/lib/spring-context-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0     1006709 Dec  9 18:48 WEB-INF/lib/spring-core-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0      259164 Dec  9 18:48 WEB-INF/lib/spring-expression-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0      713531 Dec  9 18:48 WEB-INF/lib/spring-web-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0      781676 Dec  9 18:48 WEB-INF/lib/spring-webmvc-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 26 16:48 resources/
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 25 13:30 resources/theme1/
    drwxrwxrwx  0 0      0           0 Dec 25 13:27 resources/theme1/css/
    -rwxrwxrwx  0 0      0          88 Dec 25 13:45 resources/theme1/css/core.css

所有文件均置于属性中，要进行部署，只需复制`helloproject.war`并将其放入`$Tomcat/webapps`文件夹中。

5.3 http：// localhost：8080 / helloproject /

![ant-spring-mvc-example1][]![ant-spring-mvc-example1][ant-spring-mvc-example1 1]

5.4 http：// localhost：8080 / helloproject / mkyong

![ant-spring-mvc-example2][]![ant-spring-mvc-example2][ant-spring-mvc-example2 1]

> **注意**  
> 后续： [如何在Eclipse IDE中调试该ant-ivy项目][Eclipse IDE_ant-ivy] 。

## 下载源代码 ##

> 下载它– [Ant-SpringMVC-Example.zip][] （26 KB）

## 参考文献 ##

1.  [蚂蚁常春藤检索模式][Link 1]
2.  [蚂蚁类型zipfileset][zipfileset]
3.  [蚂蚁战任务][Link 2]
4.  [蚂蚁复制任务][Link 3]
5.  [Stackoverflow：常春藤类路径管理][Stackoverflow]
6.  [W3schools CSS边框][W3schools CSS]
7.  [Ant –如何使用外部库创建一个Jar文件][Ant _Jar]
8.  [IvyDE WTP集成][IvyDE WTP]
9.  [Maven：如何创建一个Web项目][Maven_Web]
10. [Spring IO：Spring MVC逐步][Spring IO_Spring MVC]

标签： [蚂蚁][Link 4] [你好世界][Link 5] [SpringMVC][] [战争][Link 6]

> 翻译自: [https://mkyong.com/ant/ant-spring-mvc-and-war-file-example/][https_mkyong.com_ant_ant-spring-mvc-and-war-file-example]

[Ant-SpringMVC-]: http://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ta3lvbmcuY29tL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDE0LzEyL0FudC1TcHJpbmdNVkMtUHJvamVjdC5qcGc?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Ant-SpringMVC- 1]: http://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubWt5b25nLmNvbS93cC1jb250ZW50L3VwbG9hZHMvMjAxNC8xMi9BbnQtU3ByaW5nTVZDLVByb2plY3QuanBn?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[ant-spring-mvc-example1]: http://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ta3lvbmcuY29tL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDE0LzEyL2FudC1zcHJpbmctbXZjLWV4YW1wbGUxLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[ant-spring-mvc-example1 1]: http://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubWt5b25nLmNvbS93cC1jb250ZW50L3VwbG9hZHMvMjAxNC8xMi9hbnQtc3ByaW5nLW12Yy1leGFtcGxlMS5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[ant-spring-mvc-example2]: http://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ta3lvbmcuY29tL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDE0LzEyL2FudC1zcHJpbmctbXZjLWV4YW1wbGUyLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[ant-spring-mvc-example2 1]: http://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubWt5b25nLmNvbS93cC1jb250ZW50L3VwbG9hZHMvMjAxNC8xMi9hbnQtc3ByaW5nLW12Yy1leGFtcGxlMi5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Eclipse IDE_ant-ivy]: http://www.mkyong.com/ant/how-to-debug-ant-ivy-project-in-eclipse-ide/
[Ant-SpringMVC-Example.zip]: http://www.mkyong.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Ant-SpringMVC-Example.zip
[Link 1]: http://ant.apache.org/ivy/history/latest-milestone/use/retrieve.html
[zipfileset]: https://ant.apache.org/manual/Types/zipfileset.html
[Link 2]: https://ant.apache.org/manual/Tasks/war.html
[Link 3]: http://ant.apache.org/manual/Tasks/copy.html
[Stackoverflow]: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14029777/is-there-any-ant-feature-that-copies-classpath-dependencies-to-web-inf-lib
[W3schools CSS]: http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_border.asp
[Ant _Jar]: http://www.mkyong.com/ant/ant-how-to-create-a-jar-file-with-external-libraries/
[IvyDE WTP]: http://ant.apache.org/ivy/ivyde/history/latest-milestone/cpc/wtp.html
[Maven_Web]: http://www.mkyong.com/maven/how-to-create-a-web-application-project-with-maven/
[Spring IO_Spring MVC]: http://docs.spring.io/docs/Spring-MVC-step-by-step/part1.html
[Link 4]: https://mkyong.com/tag/ant/
[Link 5]: https://mkyong.com/tag/hello-world/
[SpringMVC]: https://mkyong.com/tag/spring-mvc/
[Link 6]: https://mkyong.com/tag/war/
[https_mkyong.com_ant_ant-spring-mvc-and-war-file-example]: https://mkyong.com/ant/ant-spring-mvc-and-war-file-example/