PyQT实战-实现随机生成多项式并计算

柔光的暖阳◎ 2023-01-12 10:11 116阅读 0赞

老师布置作业，让给家里的初中小朋友出多项式，并批改，懒得算，敲个代码做个UI让自己算吧。。。  
刚学的QT派上用场了，主要就两个文件，一个是界面，一个是算法，合起来就OK了！  
界面的py文件：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    # Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'Duoxs.ui'
    #
    # Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.1
    #
    # WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
    # run again. Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.
    
    
    from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
    
    
    class Ui_MainWindow(object):
        def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
            MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
            MainWindow.resize(800, 600)
            self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
            self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
            self.label_Polynomial = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
            self.label_Polynomial.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(110, 90, 36, 16))
            self.label_Polynomial.setObjectName("label_Polynomial")
            self.lineEdit_Polynomial = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
            self.lineEdit_Polynomial.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 90, 431, 20))
            self.lineEdit_Polynomial.setObjectName("lineEdit_Polynomial")
            self.lineEdit_Compute_Result = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
            self.lineEdit_Compute_Result.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 170, 133, 20))
            self.lineEdit_Compute_Result.setObjectName("lineEdit_Compute_Result")
            self.label_Compute_Result = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
            self.label_Compute_Result.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(90, 180, 48, 16))
            self.label_Compute_Result.setObjectName("label_Compute_Result")
            self.lineEdit_question_number = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
            self.lineEdit_question_number.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(200, 50, 133, 20))
            self.lineEdit_question_number.setObjectName("lineEdit_question_number")
            self.label_question_number = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
            self.label_question_number.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(101, 52, 48, 16))
            self.label_question_number.setObjectName("label_question_number")
            self.lineEdit_Correct_Result = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
            self.lineEdit_Correct_Result.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 220, 133, 20))
            self.lineEdit_Correct_Result.setObjectName("lineEdit_Correct_Result")
            self.lineEdit_Correct_Number = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
            self.lineEdit_Correct_Number.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(221, 355, 133, 20))
            self.lineEdit_Correct_Number.setObjectName("lineEdit_Correct_Number")
            self.label_Correct_Number = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
            self.label_Correct_Number.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(110, 360, 72, 16))
            self.label_Correct_Number.setObjectName("label_Correct_Number")
            self.lineEdit_Help = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
            self.lineEdit_Help.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 270, 441, 20))
            self.lineEdit_Help.setObjectName("lineEdit_Help")
            self.pushButton_Begin = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
            self.pushButton_Begin.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(410, 40, 75, 23))
            self.pushButton_Begin.setObjectName("pushButton_Begin")
            self.lineEdit_Error_Number = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
            self.lineEdit_Error_Number.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(510, 360, 133, 20))
            self.lineEdit_Error_Number.setObjectName("lineEdit_Error_Number")
            self.label_Error_Number = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
            self.label_Error_Number.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(420, 360, 72, 16))
            self.label_Error_Number.setObjectName("label_Error_Number")
            self.lineEdit_Accuracy = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
            self.lineEdit_Accuracy.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(330, 420, 113, 20))
            self.lineEdit_Accuracy.setObjectName("lineEdit_Accuracy")
            self.label_Accuracy = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
            self.label_Accuracy.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 420, 54, 12))
            self.label_Accuracy.setObjectName("label_Accuracy")
            self.pushButton_Confirm = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
            self.pushButton_Confirm.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(420, 170, 75, 23))
            self.pushButton_Confirm.setObjectName("pushButton_Confirm")
            self.pushButton_Correct_Result = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
            self.pushButton_Correct_Result.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(39, 220, 121, 23))
            self.pushButton_Correct_Result.setObjectName("pushButton_Correct_Result")
            self.pushButton_Help = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
            self.pushButton_Help.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 270, 75, 23))
            self.pushButton_Help.setObjectName("pushButton_Help")
            self.label_variable = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
            self.label_variable.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(110, 140, 24, 16))
            self.label_variable.setObjectName("label_variable")
            self.lineEdit_variable = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
            self.lineEdit_variable.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 130, 431, 20))
            self.lineEdit_variable.setObjectName("lineEdit_variable")
            MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
            self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
            self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 23))
            self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
            MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
            self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
            self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
            MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
    
            self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
            QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
    
        def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
            _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
            MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
            self.label_Polynomial.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "多项式"))
            self.label_Compute_Result.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "计算结果"))
            self.label_question_number.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "题目数量"))
            self.label_Correct_Number.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "正确题目数量"))
            self.pushButton_Begin.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "开始"))
            self.label_Error_Number.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "错误题目数量"))
            self.label_Accuracy.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "准确率"))
            self.pushButton_Confirm.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "确定"))
            self.pushButton_Correct_Result.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "显示正确答案"))
            self.pushButton_Help.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "求助"))
            self.label_variable.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "变量"))

这里的布局我是用QT designer做的，然后使用：  
pyuic5 -o xx.py xx.ui将UI文件转换为py文件。  
算法的py文件，代码比较简单，我就不解释了，直接上代码：

import random
    import sys
    from duoxs import  Ui_MainWindow
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow,QApplication
    
    class Duoxiangshi(QMainWindow,Ui_MainWindow):
        # 初始化函数
        def __init__(self):
            super(Duoxiangshi, self).__init__()
            self.setupUi(self)
            self.pushButton_Begin.clicked.connect(lambda:self.Translate())
            self.pushButton_Correct_Result.clicked.connect(lambda:self.showcorrectresult())
            self.pushButton_Help.clicked.connect(lambda:self.showhelp())
            self.pushButton_Confirm.clicked.connect(lambda:self.Compute())
    
        类变量
        correctnu = 0
        errornu = 0
    #生成多项式
        def generate(self):
            xy = ['x', 'y', '']
            abc = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', '', '']
            ch = ['+', '-']
            qian = ['(', '']
            flag = random.choice([0, 1])
            if flag == 0:
                # xy多项式，一共6个因式
                yin1 = str(random.randint(2, 9)) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy)
                yin2 = str(random.randint(2, 9)) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy)
                yin3 = str(random.randint(2, 9)) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy)
                yin4 = str(random.randint(2, 9)) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy)
                yin5 = str(random.randint(2, 9)) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy)
                yin6 = str(random.randint(2, 9)) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy) + random.choice(xy)
                qiank = random.choice(qian)
                houk = '' if qiank == '' else ')'
                qiank2 = random.choice(qian)
                houk2 = '' if qiank2 == '' else ')'
                qiank3 = random.choice(qian)
                houk3 = '' if qiank3 == '' else ')'
                #因式合并
                res = qiank + yin1 + random.choice(ch) + yin2 + houk + random.choice(ch) + qiank2 + yin3 + random.choice(
                    ch) + yin4 + houk2 + random.choice(ch) + qiank3 + yin5 + random.choice(ch) + yin6 + houk3
    
            else:
                #abcd多项式，一共4个因式
                yin1 = str(random.randint(2, 9)) + random.choice(abc) + random.choice(abc) + random.choice(abc)
                yin2 = str(random.randint(2, 9)) + random.choice(abc) + random.choice(abc) + random.choice(abc)
                yin3 = str(random.randint(2, 9)) + random.choice(abc) + random.choice(abc) + random.choice(abc)
                yin4 = str(random.randint(2, 9)) + random.choice(abc) + random.choice(abc) + random.choice(abc)
                qiank = random.choice(qian)
                houk = '' if qiank == '' else ')'
                qiank2 = random.choice(qian)
                houk2 = '' if qiank2 == '' else ')'
                # 因式合并
                res = qiank + yin1 + random.choice(ch) + yin2 + houk + random.choice(ch) + qiank2 + yin3 + random.choice(
                    ch) + yin4 + houk2
            return res, flag
    
        suanshi=''
        zuizhongshi=''
        result = 0
        # 将字符串加上乘号，并对未知数赋值
        def Translate(self):
            res, flag = self.generate()
            ss = list(res)
            le = len(ss)-1
            s2 = []
            shuzi = []
            for i in range(1, 10):
                shuzi.append(str(i))
            zimu = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'x', 'y']
            #将乘法的符号加进去
            for i in range(le):
                if (ss[i] in shuzi or ss[i] in zimu) and (ss[i + 1] in shuzi or ss[i + 1] in zimu):
                    s2.append(ss[i])
                    s2.append('*')
                else:
                    s2.append(ss[i])
            s2.append(ss[-1])  # 将字符串的最后一个元素添加上去（未遍历到）
            #将加上乘法符号的字符串组合
            for x in s2:
                Duoxiangshi.suanshi += x
    
            self.lineEdit_Polynomial.setText(Duoxiangshi.suanshi)
            #根据flag判断多项式类型并进行赋值
            if flag == 0:
                xx = str(random.randint(1, 10))
                yy = str(random.randint(1, 20))
                print("多项式为：",Duoxiangshi.suanshi, "------","进行赋值","x=",xx,"y=",yy)
                t=("x={} y={}").format(xx,yy)
                self.lineEdit_variable.setText(t)
                zuizhong=Duoxiangshi.suanshi.replace('x',xx)
                Duoxiangshi.zuizhongshi=zuizhong.replace('y',yy)
    
            else:
                aa = str(random.randint(1, 10))
                bb = str(random.randint(1, 20))
                cc = str(random.randint(1, 10))
                dd = str(random.randint(1, 20))
                print("多项式为：",Duoxiangshi.suanshi, "----", "进行赋值","a=", aa, "b=", bb, "c=", cc, "d=", dd)
                t = ("a= {} b={} c={} d={}").format(aa,bb,cc,dd)
                self.lineEdit_variable.setText(t)
                zuizhong1=Duoxiangshi.suanshi.replace('a',aa)
                zuizhong2=zuizhong1.replace('b',bb)
                zuizhong3=zuizhong2.replace('c',cc)
                Duoxiangshi.zuizhongshi=zuizhong3.replace('d',dd)
            Duoxiangshi.result = str(eval(Duoxiangshi.zuizhongshi))
    
    
        #准确率计算
        def accu(self):
            print("*"*100)
            accu="{:.2f}".format(Duoxiangshi.correctnu/(Duoxiangshi.correctnu+Duoxiangshi.errornu))
            self.lineEdit_Accuracy.setText(str(accu))
    
    
        def Compute(self):
            mycompute=self.lineEdit_Compute_Result.text()
            print("计算", Duoxiangshi.zuizhongshi, " = ", Duoxiangshi.result)
            if Duoxiangshi.result==mycompute:
                Duoxiangshi.correctnu += 1
                print("计算正确",Duoxiangshi.correctnu)
                self.lineEdit_Correct_Number.setText(str(Duoxiangshi.correctnu))
            else:
                Duoxiangshi.errornu += 1
                self.lineEdit_Error_Number.setText(str(Duoxiangshi.errornu))
                print("计算错误",Duoxiangshi.errornu)
    
            # 当答题数量等于预设的题目数量时，显示完成
            # 但是不知道为什么再次点击确定会退出**************************
            timunu=int(self.lineEdit_question_number.text())
            if Duoxiangshi.correctnu+Duoxiangshi.errornu==timunu:
                self.lineEdit_question_number.setText("Completed!")
    
            # 计算完成之后重新设置变量
            Duoxiangshi.suanshi = ''
            Duoxiangshi.zuizhongshi = ''
            self.accu()
            self.Translate()
            self.lineEdit_Compute_Result.setText('')
            self.lineEdit_Correct_Result.setText('')
            self.lineEdit_Help.setText('')
    
        #显示正确答案
        def showcorrectresult(self):
            self.lineEdit_Correct_Result.setText(str(Duoxiangshi.result))
        # 显示计算的式子
        def showhelp(self):
            self.lineEdit_Help.setText(Duoxiangshi.zuizhongshi)
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        app = QApplication(sys.argv)
        w = Duoxiangshi()
        w.setWindowTitle("多项式计算")
        w.show()
        sys.exit(app.exec_())

最后的UI打开后：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdWxhbmJh_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
界面很丑，仅供参考！  
完整的代码在gitee仓库：https://gitee.com/ximulalala/Duoxiangshi.git  
欢迎交流讨论！

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdWxhbmJh_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221119/9b590a6f46a34545a0f0b7f3aa25f9f6.png