C++复数类重载简单运算

柔情只为你懂 2022-12-20 11:08 227阅读 0赞

定义一个表示复数的Complex类，包含实部和虚部的两个属性。

在类的外部以友元函数的形式重载+、-、\*等运算符。

class Complex{ 
    public:
    	Complex(double r,double i){ 
    		……
    	}
    	//友元函数声明
    private:
    	double real,image;

要求在函数中给出测试程序，运算结果要符合数学意义。

接下来，为其重载输入输出流。以使用cin和cout关键字对Complex的对象进行输入输出。

#include <iostream>
    using namespace std;
    
    class Complex{ 
    public:
    	Complex(double r=0,double i=0){ 
    		real = r;
    		image = i;
    	}
    	
    	friend Complex operator +(Complex x,Complex y);  //重载加法运算 
    	friend Complex operator -(Complex x,Complex y);  //重载减法运算 
    	friend Complex operator *(Complex x,Complex y);  //重载乘法运算 
    	friend ostream& operator <<(ostream&,const Complex&);  //重载输出流 
    	friend istream& operator >>(istream&,Complex&);  //重载输入流 
    private:
    	double real,image;
    }; 
    
    Complex operator +(Complex x,Complex y){ 
    	return Complex(x.real+y.real,x.image+y.image);
    }
    Complex operator -(Complex x,Complex y){ 
    	return Complex(x.real-y.real,x.image-y.image);
    }
    Complex operator *(Complex x,Complex y){ 
    	return Complex(x.real*y.real-x.image*y.image,x.real*y.image+x.image*y.real);
    }
    
    ostream& operator << (ostream& os,const Complex& c){ 
    	if(c.real != 0)
    		os << c.real;
    	if(c.image > 0)
    		os << '+' << c.image << 'i';
    	if(c.image < 0)
    		os << c.image << 'i';
    	return os;
    } 
    
    istream& operator >>(istream& is,Complex& c){ 
    	cout << "输入实部：";
    	is >> c.real;
    	cout << "输入虚部：";
    	is >>c.image;
    	return is; 
    }
    
    int main(){ 
    	Complex c1,c2;
    	cout << "输入c1："<< endl;
    	cin >> c1;
    	cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl; 
    	cout << "输入c2:" << endl;
    	cin >> c2;
    	cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
    	Complex c3 = c1 + c2;
    	Complex c4 = c1 - c2;
    	Complex c5 = c1 * c2;
    	cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c3 << endl;
    	cout << "c1 - c2 = " << c4 << endl;
    	cout << "c1 * c2 = " << c5 << endl;
    	return 0;
    }