Python3使用unitTest.TestCase测试代码demo

柔光的暖阳◎ 2022-12-05 15:24 104阅读 0赞

## 你将学习一下内容： ##

1.  如何使用模块中unittest中工具来为函数和类编写测试；
2.  如何编写继承unitTest.TestCase的类，以及如何编写测试方法，已核实函数和类的行为符合预期；
3.  如何使用setUp()来根据类高效地创建实例并设置其属性，以便在类的测试方法中都可以使用它们；

### 案例demo1 ###

案例说明：根据输入的性与名，返回输出性+名的结果  
name\_function.py

def get_formatted_name(first,last):
        """生成整洁的姓名"""
        full_name = first+" "+ last
        return full_name.title()

编写测试文件tests.py

from django.test import TestCase
    import unittest
    from mysite.polls.survey import AnonymousSurvey
    from mysite.polls.name_function import get_formatted_name
    # Create your tests here.
    
    class TestNameCase(unittest.TestCase):
    
          def test_get_formatted_name(self):
            """测试get_formatted_name"""
            format_name = get_formatted_name('san','zhang')
    
            self.assertEqual('San Zhang',format_name)
    
       
    
    #注意下面这行代码，不写会报错哦~~~书中没有这行
    if __name__=="__main__":
    	unittest.main()

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTI2MzczNTg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

### 案例demo2 ###

案例说明：调查文件的场景，根据survey（问卷）存储并打印问卷的答案response

1.定义一个你们文件类survey.py

class AnonymousSurvey():
        """收集匿名调查问卷的答案"""
        def __init__(self,question):
            """存储一个问题，并为存储答案做准备"""
            self.question = question;
            self.responses = []
    
        def show_question(self):
            """显示调查问卷"""
            print(self.question)
    
        def store_response(self,new_response):
            """存储单份的调查答案"""
            self.responses.append(new_response)
    
        def show_results(self):
            """显示收集到的所有答案"""
            print("Survey results:")
            for response in self.responses:
                print('-' + response)

2.采用原始方式对survey.py函数进行测试

language\_survey.py

from mysite.polls.survey import AnonymousSurvey
    
    
    def ok():
        # 定义一个问题，并创建一个表示调查的AnonmousSurvey
        question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
        my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
    
        # 显示问题并存储答案
        my_survey.show_question()
        print("Enter 'q' at any time to quit.\n")
        while True:
            response = input("Language: ")
            if response == 'q' :
              break
            my_survey.store_response(response)
    
        # 显示调查结果
        print("\n Thank you to enveyone who participated in the survey.")
        my_survey.show_results()
    
    if __name__ =="__main__":
        ok()

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTI2MzczNTg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]  
3.使用unittest进行测试  
test.py

from django.test import TestCase
    import unittest
    from mysite.polls.survey import AnonymousSurvey
    from mysite.polls.name_function import get_formatted_name
    # Create your tests here.
    
    class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):
    
        def setUp(self) -> None:
            """创建一个调查对象和一组调查答案，供测试方法使用"""
            question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
            self.my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
            self.responses = ['chinaese','english','spanish']
    
        """针对AnonymousSurvy类的测试"""
        def test_store_response(self):
            """测试单个答案会被妥善的存储"""
            question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
            my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
            my_survey.store_response("Chinaese")
            self.assertIn('Chinaese',my_survey.responses)
    
        def test_get_formatted_name(self):
            """测试get_formatted_name"""
            format_name = get_formatted_name('san','zhang')
    
            self.assertEqual('San Zhang',format_name)
    
        def test_store_single_response(self):
            """测试单个答案被妥善的存储"""
            self.my_survey.store_response(self.responses[0])
            self.assertIn(self.responses[0],self.my_survey.responses)
    
    
        def test_store_three_responses(self):
            """测试3个答案都被妥善的存储"""
            for response in self.responses:
                self.my_survey.store_response(response)
            for response in self.responses:
                self.assertIn(response,self.my_survey.responses)
    
    
    if __name__=="__main__":
    	unittest.main()

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTI2MzczNTg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTI2MzczNTg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]: /images/20221123/09d5a78db2034e3dbd67d40a8f8def63.png