C语言——贪吃蛇游戏&超详细注释（部分细节还在完善）

ゞ浴缸里的玫瑰 2022-11-02 03:58 176阅读 0赞

实现效果如图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl81MzM5MTk1Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl81MzM5MTk1Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl81MzM5MTk1Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
目前得分代码还有问题不能正确输出，且改颜色也未完善，其他功能正常，有问题待改进。  
代码如下:

#include<stdio.h>
    #include<windows.h>
    #include<stdlib.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<time.h>
    #define height 28 //方块高度 
    #define width 60 //方块宽度,必须为偶数
    
    //--------------函数声明---------------------
    void GameStare();			//启动画面
    void GameOver();			//结束画面
    void draw_cube();			//画边框
    void initialization();		//初始化蛇身
    void gotoxy(int x, int y); 	//移动坐标
    void move();				//蛇身移动
    void p_move();				//处理蛇头移动后蛇身指针的移动
    void food();				//产生食物
    void judge_head();			//判断蛇头的位置
    void static_info();			//静态信息，如游戏侧栏文字提示
    void dynamic_info();		//动态信息，如游戏得分
    //--------------------------------------------
    
    //--------------全局变量-----------------------
    struct snake
    { 
    	int x, y;				//坐标
    	struct snake* next;		// 
    }*head = NULL, * scan = NULL, * pf = NULL, * pb = NULL;
    
    int speed = 300;				//移动速度（毫秒）
    int length = 4;				//初始蛇长
    char direction = 'd';			//蛇头方向:w/s/a/d
    int food_x, food_y;			//食物坐标
    int tail_x, tail_y;			//蛇尾坐标
    int snake_xy[1024];			//存储蛇身上每一个节点的坐标
    short score = 0;				//游戏得分
    short music = 1;				//吃到食物后响铃
    //------------------------------------------------
    
    //---------------函数定义区----------------------- 
    void draw_cube()
    { 
    	int i;
    	for (i = 1;i <= height;i++)//左右方框
    	{ 
    		gotoxy(0, i);		printf("■");
    		gotoxy(width, i);	printf("■");
    	}
    	for (i = 0;i <= width + 1;i += 2)//上下方框
    	{ 
    		gotoxy(i, 0);		printf("■");
    		gotoxy(i, height + 1);	printf("■");
    	}
    }
    
    void initialization()		//游戏开始后的初始界面绘制
    { 
    	int i;
    	draw_cube();			//画方格框架
    	for (i = 1;i <= length;i++)	//画出初始蛇身
    	{ 
    		pb = (struct snake*)malloc(sizeof(struct snake));
    		pb->y = 17;			//初始纵坐标y=17
    		pb->x = 28;		//初始横坐标x=28
    
    		if (i == 1)			//打印蛇头
    		{ 
    			head = scan = pf = pb;//保存蛇头纵坐标
    			gotoxy(pb->x, pb->y);//移动光标
    			printf("■");		//绘制蛇头
    		}
    		else				//打印初始蛇身
    		{ 
    			pb->x = pf->x - 2;	//x轴上"■"占2个坐标位置
    			gotoxy(pb->x, pb->y);
    			printf("■");		//绘制蛇身
    			pf->next = pb;		//指向下一个蛇的肢体
    		}
    
    		pf = pb;
    		pf->next = NULL;
    	}
    }
    
    void gotoxy(int x, int y)		//移动光标函数
    { 
    	COORD coord;				//声明该类型的变量
    	coord.X = x;
    	coord.Y = y;
    	SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
    	//设置光标位置
    }
    
    void GameStart()				//游戏启动界面绘制函数
    { 
    	draw_cube();
    	gotoxy(25, 10);	printf("贪吃蛇游戏！");
    	gotoxy(22, 17);
    	system("pause");
    }
    
    void GameOver()					//游戏结束界面绘制函数
    { 
    	system("cls");				//清除屏幕
    	draw_cube();
    	gotoxy(25, 10);	printf("Game Over!");
    	gotoxy(25, 12); printf("得分:%d");
    	gotoxy(22, 17);
    	printf("请按任意键继续...");
    	getch();
    	exit(0);
    }
    void static_info()			//静态信息绘制函数
    { 
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 2);	printf("←↑↓→进行控制");
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 3);	printf("按任意键暂停");
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 4);	printf("F1加速，F2减速");
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 5);	printf("F3开关声音");
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 8);	printf("得分:");
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 10);	printf("蛇头位置:");
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 12);	printf("食物位置:");
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 14);	printf("声音:");
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 16);	SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),
    		FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);printf("F4:■");//红色
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 18);	SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),
    		FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);printf("F5:■");//黄色
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 20);	SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),
    		FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);printf("F6:■");//绿色
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 22);	SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),
    		FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);printf("F7:■");//紫色
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 24);	SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),
    		FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);printf("F8:■");//亮白色
    	gotoxy(width + 4, 26);	SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),
    		FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);printf("F9:■");//灰色
    
    }
    void dynamic_info()			//动态信息绘制函数
    { 
    
    	gotoxy(width + 9, 8);	printf("%d", score);			  //输出成绩
    	gotoxy(width + 13, 10);	printf("%2d,%2d", head->x, head->y);//输出蛇头位置
    	gotoxy(width + 13, 12);	printf("%2d,%2d", food_x, food_y);  //输出食物位置
    	gotoxy(width + 9, 14);	music == 1 ? printf("开") : printf("关");//音乐开关
    }
    
    void move()
    { 
    	short a, b;					//接受上下左右键
    	char key_direction = 'd';	//蛇头初始移动方向
    	while (!kbhit())			//判断是否有按键输入；蛇身移动
    	{ 
    	loop:						//循环跳转标志
    		gotoxy(food_x, food_y);	//绘制食物
    		printf("■");
    		switch (direction)
    		{ 
    		case 'w':gotoxy(scan->x, scan->y - 1);	printf("■");
    			p_move();head->y = head->y - 1;break;
    		case 'a':gotoxy(scan->x - 2, scan->y);	printf("■");
    			p_move();head->x = head->x - 2;break;
    		case 's':gotoxy(scan->x, scan->y + 1);	printf("■");
    			p_move();head->y = head->y + 1;break;
    		case 'd':gotoxy(scan->x + 2, scan->y);	printf("■");
    			p_move();head->x = head->x + 2;break;
    		}
    		dynamic_info();				//动态信息输出
    		scan = head;
    		judge_head();				//判断蛇头状态
    		Sleep(speed);				//速度控制
    	}
    	scan = head;
    	a = getch();
    	b = getch();
    	switch (a)						//控制蛇移动方向
    	{ 
    	case 224:switch (b)				//相反方向不可移动
    	{ 
    	case 72:key_direction = 'w';if (direction == 's')key_direction = 0;break;
    	case 75:key_direction = 'a';if (direction == 'd')key_direction = 0;break;
    	case 80:key_direction = 's';if (direction == 'w')key_direction = 0;break;
    	case 77:key_direction = 'd';if (direction == 'a')key_direction = 0;
    	}break;
    	case 0:switch (b)
    	{ 
    	case 59:speed -= 20;break;
    	case 60:speed += 20;break;
    	case 61:music = music == 1 ? 0 : 1;break;
    	}break;
    
    	dafault:goto loop;
    	}
    
    	if (key_direction)
    		direction = key_direction;
    	else
    		goto loop;
    	goto loop;
    }
    
    void p_move()			//处理蛇头移动后蛇身指针的移动
    { 
    	short i = 0;
    	while (scan->next != NULL)
    		scan = scan->next;	//scan最终指向蛇尾
    	gotoxy(scan->x, scan->y);printf(" ");//消去蛇尾，即走过的位置为空
    	scan = head;		//scab指向原来的蛇头位置
    
    	while (scan->next != NULL)	//存储从蛇头到蛇尾的前一个节点坐标
    	{ 
    		snake_xy[i] = scan->x;
    		i++;
    		snake_xy[i] = scan->y;
    		i++;
    		scan = scan->next;
    	}
    	//存储蛇尾坐标，为在吃到食物时，给坐标输出(+)方块
    	tail_x = scan->x;
    	tail_y = scan->y;
    	i = 0;
    	scan = head->next;
    	while (scan->next != NULL)//把存储的坐标逐个赋值给蛇头位置之后的结点，直至蛇尾结束
    	{ 
    		scan->x = snake_xy[i];
    		i++;
    		scan->y = snake_xy[i];
    		i++;
    		scan = scan->next;
    	}
    	scan->x = snake_xy[i];
    	i++;
    	scan->y = snake_xy[i];
    	i++;
    }
    
    void food()						//随机生产食物
    { 
    	short i = 0;
    	srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
    	do
    	{ 
    		food_x = rand() % (width - 3) + 2;
    	} while (food_x % 2);
    		food_y = rand() % (height - 1) + 1;
    	gotoxy(food_x, food_y);
    	printf("■");
    	scan = head;
    }
    
    void judge_head()				//判断蛇头状态
    { 
    	short i = 0;
    	if (head->x == 0 || head->x == width || head->y == 0 || head->y == height + 1)	//是否撞墙
    		GameOver();
    
    	while (scan->next != NULL)
    	{ 
    		if (head->x == snake_xy[i])
    			if (head->y == snake_xy[++i])
    				GameOver();
    			else
    				i++;
    		else
    			i += 2;
    		scan = scan->next;
    	}
    	if (head->x == snake_xy[i])				//是否直接咬到自己
    		if (head->y == snake_xy[++i])
    			GameOver();
    
    	if (head->x == food_x && head->y == food_y)//如果吃到食物，给尾巴加上一节
    	{ 
    		if (music)
    			putchar(7);	//响铃
    		score += 10;
    		pb = (struct snake*)malloc(sizeof(struct snake));
    		pf->next = pb;
    		pb->next = NULL;
    		pf = pb;
    		pb->x = tail_x;
    		pb->y = tail_y;
    		gotoxy(pb->x, pb->y);
    		printf("■");
    		food();
    	}
    	scan = head;
    }
    
    //-------------------------------------
    //main主函数
    int main()
    { 
    	system("mode con:cols =80 lines=31");		//设置成80列，30行
    	GameStart();
    	system("cls");
    	initialization();					//初始化蛇身
    	food();
    	static_info();
    	move();
    	system("pause");
    	return 0;
    }

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