贪吃蛇游戏——C/C++

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2023-07-11 05:36 56阅读 0赞

整理一下以前学习时找到的程序。

## 一、游戏框架 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][20200303225817249.png]  
**1、蛇**  
蛇时以链表的形式保存的，增加长度是就新建节点，每次移动（刷新）蛇头向前进方向移动一格，把最后的节点删除；如果吃到食物就不删除尾部。

**2、游戏**  
（1）撞墙：判断头部是否到达超过边界  
（2）撞自己：遍历链表，判断头部是否在链表中位置一样  
（3）加速减速：改变每次刷新（延时）时间

## 二、游戏代码 ##

**1、snake.h**

#pragma once
    #ifndef __SNAKE_H__
    #define __SNAKE_H__
    
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <Windows.h>
    #include <time.h>
    #include <malloc.h>
    #include <assert.h>
    
    //标识地图大小
    #define ROW_MAP 30				//地图的行
    #define COL_MAP 90				//地图的列
    #define SUCCESS_SCORE 1000		//通关分数
    
    enum Direction //蛇行走的方向
    {
        
    	R, //右
    	L, //左
    	U, //上
    	D  //下
    }Direction;
    
    enum State
    {
        
    	ERROR_SELF, //咬到自己
    	ERROR_WALL, //撞到墙
    	NORMAL,     //正常状态
    	SUCCESS     //通关
    }State;
    
    typedef struct Snake
    {
        
    	size_t x;  //行
    	size_t y;  //列
    	struct Snake* next;
    }Snake, *pSnake;
    
    void StartGame();
    void RunGame();
    void EndGame();
    
    #endif

**2、snake.cpp**

#include "Snake.h"
    
    pSnake head = NULL; //定义蛇头指针
    pSnake Food = NULL; //定义食物指针
    int sleeptime = 500;//间隔时间，用来控制速度
    int Score = 0;		//总分
    int everyScore = 1; //每步得分
    
    //定义游戏中用到的符号
    const char food = '*';
    const char snake = '0';
    
    //控制输出光标
    void Pos(int x, int y)   //控制输出光标
    {
        
    	COORD pos;  //pos为结构体
    	pos.X = x;  //控制列
    	pos.Y = y;  //控制行
    	SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), pos);//读取标准输出句柄来控制光标为pos
    }
    
    //初始化界面
    void Face()
    {
        
    	system("color 0B");
    	printf("\t\t\t\t*******************************************************\n");
    	printf("\t\t\t\t*                Welcome to Snake Game!               *\n");
    	printf("\t\t\t\t*                                                     *\n");
    	printf("\t\t\t\t*             -> 开始游戏 Enter 键                    *\n");
    	printf("\t\t\t\t*             -> 退出游戏 Esc 键                      *\n");
    	printf("\t\t\t\t*             -> 暂停游戏 Space 键                    *\n");
    	printf("\t\t\t\t*             -> F1键减速 F2键加速                    *\n");
    	printf("\t\t\t\t*             -> 上下左右控制蛇的移动	              *\n");
    	printf("\t\t\t\t*******************************************************\n");
    }
    
    //初始化地图
    void Map()
    {
        
    	int i = 0;
    	for (i = 0; i < COL_MAP; i += 2)   //打印上下边框（每个■占用两列）
    	{
        
    		Pos(i, 0);
    		printf("■");
    		Pos(i, ROW_MAP - 1);
    		printf("■");
    	}
    
    	for (i = 0; i < ROW_MAP; i++)   //打印左右边框
    	{
        
    		Pos(0, i);
    		printf("■");
    		Pos(COL_MAP - 2, i);
    		printf("■");
    	}
    }
    
    //打印蛇
    void PrintSnake()
    {
        
    	pSnake cur = head;
    	while (cur)
    	{
        
    		Pos(cur->y, cur->x);
    		printf("%c", snake);
    		cur = cur->next;
    	}
    }
    
    //初始化蛇身
    void InitSnake()
    {
        
    	int initNum = 3;
    	int i = 0;
    	pSnake cur;
    	head = (pSnake)malloc(sizeof(Snake));
    	head->x = 5;
    	head->y = 10;
    	head->next = NULL;
    	cur = head;
    	for (i = 1; i < initNum; i++)
    	{
        
    		pSnake newNode = (pSnake)malloc(sizeof(Snake));
    		newNode->x = 5;
    		newNode->y = 10 - i;
    		newNode->next = NULL;
    		cur->next = newNode;
    		cur = cur->next;
    	}
    	PrintSnake();
    }
    
    //在地图上随机产生一个食物
    void CreateFood()
    {
        
    	pSnake cur = head;
    	Food = (pSnake)malloc(sizeof(Snake));
    	//产生x~y的随机数 k=rand()%(Y-X+1)+X;
    	srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
    	Food->x = rand() % (ROW_MAP - 2 - 1 + 1) + 1;
    	Food->y = rand() % (COL_MAP - 3 - 2 + 1) + 2;
    	Food->next = NULL;
    	while (cur)   //检查食物是否与蛇身重合
    	{
        
    		if (cur->x == Food->x && cur->y == Food->y)
    		{
        
    			free(Food);
    			Food = NULL;
    			CreateFood();
    			return;
    		}
    		cur = cur->next;
    	}
    	Pos(Food->y, Food->x);
    	printf("%c", food);
    }
    
    //游戏开始的所有设置
    void StartGame()
    {
        
    	Face();
    	system("pause");
    	if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_RETURN))
    	{
        
    		system("cls");
    		Pos(COL_MAP + 5, 1);
    		printf("当前分/通关分:");
    		Pos(COL_MAP + 20, 1);
    		printf("%d/%d", Score, SUCCESS_SCORE);
    		Pos(COL_MAP + 5, 2);
    		printf("当前每步得分:");
    		Pos(COL_MAP + 20, 2);
    		printf("%d", everyScore);
    		Pos(COL_MAP + 5, 3);
    		printf("\n");
    		Pos(COL_MAP + 5, 4);
    		printf("速度越快 得分越高哦！！\n");
    		Map();
    		InitSnake();
    		CreateFood();
    	}
    
    	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_ESCAPE))
    	{
        
    		exit(0);
    	}
    }
    
    //判断是否碰到墙
    int IsCrossWall()
    {
        
    	if (head->x <= 0 || head->x >= ROW_MAP - 1 || head->y <= 1 || head->y >= COL_MAP - 2)
    	{
        
    		State = ERROR_WALL;
    		return 0;
    	}
    	return 1;
    }
    
    //判断是否咬到自己
    int IsEatSelf(pSnake newHead)
    {
        
    	pSnake cur = head;
    	assert(newHead);
    	while (cur)
    	{
        
    		if (cur->x == newHead->x && cur->y == newHead->y)
    		{
        
    			State = ERROR_SELF;
    			return 0;
    
    		}
    		cur = cur->next;
    	}
    	return 1;
    }
    
    //判断该位置是不是食物
    int IsFood(pSnake pos)
    {
        
    	assert(pos);
    	if (pos->x == Food->x && pos->y == Food->y)
    	{
        
    		return 1;
    	}
    	return 0;
    }
    
    //蛇移动一次
    void SnakeMove()
    {
        
    	pSnake newHead = NULL;
    	newHead = (pSnake)malloc(sizeof(Snake));
    	if (Direction == R)				//右
    	{
        
    		newHead->x = head->x;
    		newHead->y = head->y + 1;
    		newHead->next = head;
    	}
    
    	else if (Direction == L)		//左
    	{
        
    		newHead->x = head->x;
    		newHead->y = head->y - 1;
    		newHead->next = head;
    	}
    
    	else if (Direction == U)		//上
    	{
        
    		newHead->x = head->x - 1;
    		newHead->y = head->y;
    		newHead->next = head;
    	}
    
    	else if (Direction == D)		//下
    	{
        
    		newHead->x = head->x + 1;
    		newHead->y = head->y;
    		newHead->next = head;
    	}
    
    	if (IsFood(newHead))
    	{
        
    		head = newHead;
    		PrintSnake();
    		CreateFood();
    		Score += everyScore;
    		Pos(COL_MAP + 20, 1);
    		printf("%d/%d", Score, SUCCESS_SCORE);
    		if (Score >= SUCCESS_SCORE)
    		{
        
    			State = SUCCESS;
    		}
    	}
    
    	else
    	{
        
    		if (IsCrossWall() && IsEatSelf(newHead))
    		{
        
    			pSnake cur = NULL;
    			head = newHead;
    			cur = head;
    			//删除蛇尾并打印
    			while (cur->next->next != NULL)
    			{
        
    				Pos(cur->y, cur->x);
    				printf("%c", snake);
    				cur = cur->next;
    			}
    
    			Pos(cur->y, cur->x);
    			printf("%c", snake);
    			Pos(cur->next->y, cur->next->x);
    			printf(" ");  //打印空格来覆盖频幕上的蛇尾
    			free(cur->next);
    			cur->next = NULL;
    		}
    
    		else
    		{
        
    			free(newHead);
    			newHead = NULL;
    		}
    	}
    }
    
    //延时
    void Pause()
    {
        
    	while (1)
    	{
        
    		Sleep(sleeptime);
    		if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_SPACE))
    		{
        
    			break;
    		}
    	}
    }
    
    //用键盘控制游戏
    void ControlSnake()
    {
        
    	if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_UP) && Direction != D)
    	{
        
    		Direction = U;
    	}
    	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_DOWN) && Direction != U)
    	{
        
    		Direction = D;
    	}
    	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_LEFT) && Direction != R)
    	{
        
    		Direction = L;
    	}
    	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_RIGHT) && Direction != L)
    	{
        
    		Direction = R;
    	}
    
    	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_F1))
    	{
        
    		if (sleeptime < 500)
    		{
        
    			sleeptime = sleeptime + 50;
    			everyScore = everyScore - 1;
    			Pos(COL_MAP + 20, 2);
    			printf("%d", everyScore);
    		}
    	}
    
    	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_F2))
    	{
        
    		if (sleeptime > 50)
    		{
        
    			sleeptime = sleeptime - 50;
    			everyScore = everyScore + 1;
    			Pos(COL_MAP + 20, 2);
    			printf("%d", everyScore);
    		}
    	}
    
    	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_SPACE))
    	{
        
    		Pause();
    	}
    
    	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_ESCAPE))
    	{
        
    		exit(0);
    	}
    }
    
    //判断游戏失败或成功
    void StateGame()
    {
        
    	if (State == ERROR_SELF)
    	{
        
    		system("cls");
    		printf("很遗憾，蛇咬到自己，游戏失败！\n");
    	}
    
    	else if (State == ERROR_WALL)
    	{
        
    		system("cls");
    		printf("很遗憾，蛇碰到墙壁，游戏失败！\n");
    	}
    
    	else if (State == SUCCESS)
    	{
        
    		system("cls");
    		printf("恭喜您，已通关！！！\n");
    	}
    }
    
    //开始游戏
    void RunGame()
    {
        
    	Direction = R; //蛇初始行走方向为右
    	State = NORMAL;//游戏初始为正常状态
    	while (1)
    	{
        
    		ControlSnake();
    		SnakeMove();
    		if (State != NORMAL)
    		{
        
    			StateGame();
    			break;
    		}
    		Sleep(sleeptime);
    	}
    }
    
    //结束游戏，释放链表并恢复默认值
    void EndGame()
    {
        
    	pSnake cur = head;
    	while (cur)
    	{
        
    		pSnake del = cur;
    		cur = cur->next;
    		free(del);
    		del = NULL;
    	}
    	head = NULL;
    
    	if (Food != NULL)
    	{
        
    		free(Food);
    		Food = NULL;
    	}
    	Score = 0;
    	everyScore = 1;
    	sleeptime = 500;
    }
    
    int main()
    {
        
    	while (1)
    	{
        
    		StartGame();
    		RunGame();
    		EndGame();
    	}
    	system("pause");
    	return 0;
    }

## 三、游戏界面 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

[20200303225817249.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303225817249.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303231307399.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70