（转载）RHEL/CentOS 5.5使用第三方软件库（EPEL与RPMForge、RPMFusion软件库）

向右看齐 2022-09-28 11:53 119阅读 0赞

## 个人推荐试用EPEL与RPMFORGE库，rpmfusion在官方就没表明有centos版 ##

更新一下软件包的链接

EPEL:http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5Server/x86\_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

RPMForge http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.x86\_64.rpm

## [（总结）RHEL/CentOS 5.5使用第三方软件库（EPEL与RPMForge、RPMFusion软件库）][RHEL_CentOS 5.5_EPEL_RPMForge_RPMFusion] ##

发表于: [RHEL/CentOS/Fedora][RHEL_CentOS_Fedora] , [个人日记][Link 1] , [原创总结][Link 2] | 作者: [谋万世全局者][Link 3]

标签: [centos][] , [EPEL][] , [RHEL][] , [RPMForge][] , [RPMFusion][] , [第三方][Link 4] , [软件库][Link 5]

在CentOS下运行yum install flash-plugin或yum install mplayer的时候，提示库里没有找到这个软件？为什么会这样？因为CentOS是RHEL编译过来的，去掉了所有关于版权问题的东西。因此，在没有使 用第三方软件库的情况下，很多软件无法用yum install来直接安装。

EPEL(Extra Packages for [Enterprise][] [Linux][] )软件库提供为 EL4 及 EL5 重新编译的 [Fedora][] 组件。这个软件库在不替换系统组件方面下了功夫。在某些情况下它尝试直接针对 CentOS 兼容性的问题，但坚决否定软件库间的兼容性是目标之一。当它与其它第三方软件库混合使用时，问题可能会出现。故此，当你使用 EPEL 时，尤其是当你亦会运用其它件库的组件时，请确保你使用 yum 的 Priorities 插件。

[RPMForge][] 库现在已经拥有超过10000种的CentOS的软件包，被CentOS社区认为是最安全也是最稳定的一个第三方软件库。

**下面，偶就来讲解下如何使用EPEL与RPMForge、[RPMFusion][] 软件仓库：**

**一、安装yum-priorities插件。**

这个插件是用来设置yum在调用软件源时的顺序的。因为官方提供的软件源，都是比较稳定和被推荐使用的。因此，官方源的顺序要高于第三方源的顺序。如何保证这个顺序，就需要安装yum-priorities这插件了。

\[root@CentOS ~\]\# yum install yum-priorities \#安装yum-priorities

**安装完后需要设置/etc/yum.repos.d/ 目录下的.repo相关文件（如CentOS-Base.repo），在这些文件中插入顺序指令：priority=N （N为1到99的正整数，数值越小越优先）**  
  
一般的配置是这样的：

> \[base\], \[addons\], \[updates\], \[extras\] … priority=1  
> \[CentOSplus\],\[contrib\] … priority=2  
> 其他第三的软件源为：priority=N （推荐N>10）

如我的CentOS-Base.repo配置为：

> \# CentOS-Base.repo  
> \#  
> \# The mirror [system][] uses the connecting IP address of the client and the  
> \# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and  
> \# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates  
> \# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.  
> \#  
> \# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the  
> \# remarked out baseurl= line instead.  
> \#  
> \#
> 
> \[base\]  
> name=CentOS-$releasever – Base  
> mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os  
> \#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/os/$basearch/  
> gpgcheck=1  
> gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5  
> priority=1
> 
> \#released updates  
> \[updates\]  
> name=CentOS-$releasever – Updates  
> mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates  
> \#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/updates/$basearch/  
> gpgcheck=1  
> gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5  
> priority=1
> 
> \#packages used/produced in the build but not released  
> \[addons\]  
> name=CentOS-$releasever – Addons  
> mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons  
> \#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/addons/$basearch/  
> gpgcheck=1  
> gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5  
> priority=1
> 
> \#additional packages that may be useful  
> \[extras\]  
> name=CentOS-$releasever – Extras  
> mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras  
> \#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/extras/$basearch/  
> gpgcheck=1  
> gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5  
> priority=1
> 
> \#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages  
> \[CentOSplus\]  
> name=CentOS-$releasever – Plus  
> mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=CentOSplus  
> \#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/CentOSplus/$basearch/  
> gpgcheck=1  
> enabled=0  
> gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5  
> priority=2
> 
> \#contrib – packages by CentOS Users  
> \[contrib\]  
> name=CentOS-$releasever – Contrib  
> mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib  
> \#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/  
> gpgcheck=1  
> enabled=0  
> gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5  
> priority=2

**二、下载与安装相应EPEL的rpm文件包**

1，下载与安装EPEL的rpm文件包

32位系统

> \[root@CentOS ~\]\# rpm -ivh http://download.fedora.[redhat][] .com/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

64位系统

> \[root@CentOS ~\]\# rpm -ivh http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/x86\_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

如果您不清楚您的系统内核，请使用 uname -a 命令来查看您的内核信息。

2，导入DAG的PGP Key

\[root@CentOS ~\]\# rpm –import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL

3，设置/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo文件中源的级别，就是添加priority=11这句。

如我的epel.repo文件内容：

> \[epel\]  
> name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 – $basearch  
> \#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/$basearch  
> mirrorlist=http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-5&arch=$basearch  
> failovermethod=priority  
> enabled=1  
> gpgcheck=1  
> gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL  
> priority=11
> 
> \[epel-debuginfo\]  
> name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 – $basearch – Debug  
> \#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/$basearch/debug  
> mirrorlist=http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-debug-5&arch=$basearch  
> failovermethod=priority  
> enabled=0  
> gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL  
> gpgcheck=1
> 
> \[epel-source\]  
> name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 – $basearch – Source  
> \#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/SRPMS  
> mirrorlist=http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-source-5&arch=$basearch  
> failovermethod=priority  
> enabled=0  
> gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL  
> gpgcheck=1

**三、下载与安装相应rpmforge的rpm文件包**

1，下载rpmforge的rpm文件包

32位系统

> \[root@CentOS ~\]\# wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm

64位系统

> \[root@CentOS ~\]\# wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.x86\_64.rpm

2，安装DAG的PGP Key

> \[root@CentOS ~\]\# rpm –import http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt

3，验证rpmforge的rpm文件包

> \[root@CentOS ~\]\# rpm -K rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.\*.rpm

4，安装rpmforge的rpm文件包

> \[root@CentOS ~\]\# rpm -i rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.\*.rpm

5，设置/etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo文件中源的级别，就是添加priority=12这句。

如我的rpmforge.repo文件内容：

> \#\#\# Name: RPMforge RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise 5 – dag  
> \#\#\# URL: http://rpmforge[.net][] /  
> \[rpmforge\]  
> name = Red Hat Enterprise $releasever – RPMforge.net – dag  
> baseurl = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/rpmforge  
> mirrorlist = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/mirrors-rpmforge  
> \#mirrorlist = file:///etc/yum.repos.d/mirrors-rpmforge  
> enabled = 1  
> protect = 0  
> gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag  
> gpgcheck = 1  
> priority=12

**四、下载与安装相应rpmfusion的rpm文件包**

（CentOS官方说这个软件库里面的软件稳定性不如rpmforge，选用！rpmfusion官方站：http://rpmfusion.org）

> \[root@CentOS ~\]\# rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/el/updates/[testing][] /5/i386/rpmfusion-free-release-5-0.1.noarch.rpm
> 
> \[root@CentOS ~\]\# rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/el/updates/testing/5/i386/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-5-0.1.noarch.rpm

**五、测试**

1，测试升级

\[root@CentOS ~\]\# yum check-update

输出信息应该会有以下两行：

Loading “priorities” plugin  
…  
XX packages excluded due to repository priority protections

2，安装下mplayer播放器试试，如果安装成功了就没有问题了。

\[root@CentOS ~\]\# yum install mplayer

**PS：以上配置在RHEL/CentOS 5.X所有系列都可以使用！由本人验证总结整理。**

参考文档：http://wiki.centos.org/zh/AdditionalResources/Repositories/RPMForge

[永久链接][RHEL_CentOS 5.5_EPEL_RPMForge_RPMFusion] :http://www.ha97.com/2626.html

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