virtualBox安装centos6增强包报错解决及配置共享文件夹

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2022-09-22 15:44 314阅读 0赞

一、安装增强包

1、启动CentOS6.5 虚拟机，点击设备à安装增强功能。

则 “光盘”VBOXADDITIONS已经挂载到 CentOS 5.5 的桌面上了.

此时 双击光盘—>双击VboxLinuxAdditions.run即可完成安装

![20160701150627286][]

通常情况下我们直接运行挂载到系统中的VirtualBox 客户端增强功能的组件即可。

2、报错解决：笔者安装时出现报错

Bulding the VirtualBoxGuest Additions Kernel modules \[failed\]

Your system does not seemto be set up to build kernel modules.

Look at/var/log/vboxadd-install.log to find out what went worg. Once you havecorrected it,you run

/etc/init.d/vboxadd setupto build them

显然内核不支持 缺少编译内核的相关组件，解决方法安装内核组件即可。

**\[root@localhost ~\]\# yum install kernel kernel-devel**

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit,security

Repository c6-media is listed more than once in theconfiguration

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

\* base:mirror.sunnyvision.com

\* extras:mirror.sunnyvision.com

\* updates:ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

\--> Running transaction check

\---> Package kernel.x86\_64 0:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6will be installed

\--> Processing Dependency: kernel-firmware >=2.6.32-642.1.1.el6 for package: kernel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86\_64

\--> Processing Dependency: dracut-kernel >=004-388.el6 for package: kernel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86\_64

\---> Package kernel-devel.x86\_640:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6 will be installed

\--> Running transaction check

\---> Package dracut-kernel.noarch 0:004-335.el6will be updated

\---> Package dracut-kernel.noarch0:004-409.el6\_8.2 will be an update

\--> Processing Dependency: dracut =004-409.el6\_8.2 for package: dracut-kernel-004-409.el6\_8.2.noarch

\---> Package kernel-firmware.noarch0:2.6.32-431.el6 will be updated

\---> Package kernel-firmware.noarch0:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6 will be an update

\--> Running transaction check

\---> Package dracut.noarch 0:004-335.el6 will beupdated

\---> Package dracut.noarch 0:004-409.el6\_8.2will be an update

\--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================

Package                            Arch                      Version                                 Repository                  Size

========================================================================================================================================

Installing:

kernel                             x86\_64                    2.6.32-642.1.1.el6                       updates                     32 M

kernel-devel                       x86\_64                    2.6.32-642.1.1.el6                       updates                     11 M

Updating for dependencies:

dracut                             noarch                    004-409.el6\_8.2                          updates                    127 k

dracut-kernel                      noarch                    004-409.el6\_8.2                          updates                     28 k

kernel-firmware                    noarch                    2.6.32-642.1.1.el6                       updates                     28 M

Transaction Summary

========================================================================================================================================

Install      2 Package(s)

Upgrade      3 Package(s)

Total download size: 71 M

Is this ok \[y/N\]: y

Downloading Packages:

(1/5): dracut-004-409.el6\_8.2.noarch.rpm                                                                        | 127 kB     00:01

(2/5):dracut-kernel-004-409.el6\_8.2.noarch.rpm                                                                 |  28 kB     00:00

(3/5): kernel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                     |  32 MB     05:21

(4/5):kernel-devel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                               |  11 MB    01:46

(5/5):kernel-firmware-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.noarch.rpm                                                            |  28 MB     04:51

\----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                                                                                  100 kB/s |  71 MB     12:02

Running rpm\_check\_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Updating   :dracut-004-409.el6\_8.2.noarch                                                                                       1/8

Updating   :dracut-kernel-004-409.el6\_8.2.noarch                                                                                 2/8

Updating   :kernel-firmware-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.noarch                                                                           3/8

Installing: kernel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86\_64                                                                                     4/8

Installing: kernel-devel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86\_64                                                                              5/8

Cleanup    :dracut-kernel-004-335.el6.noarch                                                                                     6/8

Cleanup    :dracut-004-335.el6.noarch                                                                                           7/8

Cleanup    :kernel-firmware-2.6.32-431.el6.noarch                                                                               8/8

Verifying  :kernel-firmware-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.noarch                                                                           1/8

Verifying  :dracut-004-409.el6\_8.2.noarch                                                                                       2/8

Verifying  :dracut-kernel-004-409.el6\_8.2.noarch                                                                                3/8

Verifying  :kernel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86\_64                                                                                    4/8

Verifying  :kernel-devel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86\_64                                                                              5/8

Verifying  :kernel-firmware-2.6.32-431.el6.noarch                                                                               6/8

Verifying  :dracut-kernel-004-335.el6.noarch                                                                                    7/8

Verifying  :dracut-004-335.el6.noarch                                                                                           8/8

Installed:

kernel.x86\_64 0:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6                             kernel-devel.x86\_64 0:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6

Dependency Updated:

dracut.noarch 0:004-409.el6\_8.2      dracut-kernel.noarch 0:004-409.el6\_8.2       kernel-firmware.noarch0:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6

Complete!

**\[root@localhost ~\]\# yum install gcc**

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit,security

Repository c6-media is listed more than once in theconfiguration

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

\* base:mirror.sunnyvision.com

\* extras:mirror.sunnyvision.com

\* updates:ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

Setting up Install Process

No package gcc++ available.

Resolving Dependencies

\--> Running transaction check

\---> Package gcc.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 will beinstalled

\--> Processing Dependency: libgomp =4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64

\--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.7-17.el6for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64

\--> Processing Dependency: libgcc >=4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64

\--> Processing Dependency: cloog-ppl >= 0.15for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64

\--> Running transaction check

\---> Package cloog-ppl.x86\_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6will be installed

\--> Processing Dependency: libppl\_c.so.2()(64bit)for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86\_64

\--> Processing Dependency: libppl.so.7()(64bit)for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86\_64

\---> Package cpp.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 will beinstalled

\--> Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.1()(64bit)for package: cpp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64

\---> Package libgcc.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-4.el6 will beupdated

\---> Package libgcc.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 willbe an update

\---> Package libgomp.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-4.el6 willbe updated

\---> Package libgomp.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 willbe an update

\--> Running transaction check

\---> Package mpfr.x86\_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 will beinstalled

\---> Package ppl.x86\_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6 will beinstalled

\--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================

Package                          Arch                          Version                               Repository                   Size

========================================================================================================================================

Installing:

gcc                              x86\_64                        4.4.7-17.el6                          base                         10 M

Installing for dependencies:

cloog-ppl                        x86\_64                        0.15.7-1.2.el6                        base                         93 k

cpp                              x86\_64                        4.4.7-17.el6                          base                        3.7 M

mpfr                             x86\_64                        2.4.1-6.el6                           base                        157 k

ppl                              x86\_64                        0.10.2-11.el6                         base                        1.3 M

Updating for dependencies:

libgcc                           x86\_64                        4.4.7-17.el6                          base                        103 k

libgomp                          x86\_64                        4.4.7-17.el6                          base                        134 k

Transaction Summary

========================================================================================================================================

Install      5 Package(s)

Upgrade      2 Package(s)

Total download size: 16 M

Is this ok \[y/N\]: y

Downloading Packages:

(1/7): cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                      |  93 kB    00:00

(2/7): cpp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                              | 3.7 MB     00:32

(3/7): gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                              |  10 MB    01:30

(4/7): libgcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                           | 103 kB     00:00

(5/7): libgomp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                           |134 kB     00:00

(6/7): mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                              | 157 kB     00:01

(7/7): ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                              |1.3 MB     00:11

\----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                                                                                   114kB/s |  16 MB     02:19

Running rpm\_check\_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Updating   :libgcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                          1/9

Installing: ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86\_64                                                                                            2/9

Installing: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86\_64                                                                                     3/9

Updating   :libgomp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                         4/9

Installing: mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86\_64                                                                                             5/9

Installing: cpp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                              6/9

Installing: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                             7/9

Cleanup    :libgomp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86\_64                                                                                          8/9

Cleanup    :libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86\_64                                                                                           9/9

Verifying  :libgcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                          1/9

Verifying  :ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86\_64                                                                                            2/9

Verifying  :mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86\_64                                                                                             3/9

Verifying  :gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                              4/9

Verifying  :libgomp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                         5/9

Verifying  :cpp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                              6/9

Verifying  :cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86\_64                                                                                     7/9

Verifying  :libgomp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86\_64                                                                                           8/9

Verifying  :libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86\_64                                                                                           9/9

Installed:

gcc.x86\_640:4.4.7-17.el6

Dependency Installed:

cloog-ppl.x86\_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6     cpp.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6     mpfr.x86\_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6     ppl.x86\_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6

Dependency Updated:

libgcc.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6                                      libgomp.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6

Complete!

**\[root@localhost ~\]\# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ makekernel-devel**

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit,security

Repository c6-media is listed more than once in theconfiguration

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

\* base:mirror.sunnyvision.com

\* extras:mirror.sunnyvision.com

\* updates: ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

Setting up Install Process

Package gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version

Package 1:make-3.81-23.el6.x86\_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version

Packagekernel-devel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86\_64 already installed and latest version

Resolving Dependencies

\--> Running transaction check

\---> Package gcc-c++.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 willbe installed

\--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel =4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64

\--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++ =4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64

\--> Running transaction check

\---> Package libstdc++.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-4.el6 willbe updated

\---> Package libstdc++.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6will be an update

\---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6will be installed

\--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================

Package                               Arch                         Version                            Repository                  Size

========================================================================================================================================

Installing:

gcc-c++                               x86\_64                       4.4.7-17.el6                       base                       4.7 M

Installing for dependencies:

libstdc++-devel                       x86\_64                       4.4.7-17.el6                       base                       1.6 M

Updating for dependencies:

libstdc++                             x86\_64                       4.4.7-17.el6                       base                       295 k

Transaction Summary

========================================================================================================================================

Install      2 Package(s)

Upgrade      1 Package(s)

Total download size: 6.6 M

Downloading Packages:

(1/3): gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                          | 4.7 MB     01:10

(2/3): libstdc++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                        | 295 kB     00:03

(3/3): libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64.rpm                                                                  | 1.6 MB     00:26

\----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                                                                                   67 kB/s | 6.6 MB     01:41

Running rpm\_check\_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Updating   : libstdc++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                       1/4

Installing: libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                 2/4

Installing: gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                         3/4

Cleanup    : libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86\_64                                                                                        4/4

Verifying  :gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                         1/4

Verifying  :libstdc++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                       2/4

Verifying  :libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-17.el6.x86\_64                                                                                 3/4

Verifying  :libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86\_64                                                                                        4/4

Installed:

gcc-c++.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6

Dependency Installed:

libstdc++-devel.x86\_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6

Dependency Updated:

libstdc++.x86\_640:4.4.7-17.el6

Complete!

**\[root@localhost ~\]\# shutdown -r now**

**安装好相关内核组件，重启centos6.5并再次安装增强包即可顺利安装。**

** **

**二、建立共享文件夹**

**1、创建共享文件夹**

** **![20160701150652568][]

**2、命令行操作**

**1）、创建共享目录**

**\[root@localhost ~\]\# mkdir /mnt/share**

**2）、挂载共享文件**

**\[root@localhost ~\]\# mount -t vboxsf share/mnt/share**

**\[root@localhost~\]\# cd /mnt/share**

**\[root@localhostshare\]\# ls -al**

**总用量 4**

**drwxrwxrwx. 1root root    0 6月  15 14:03 .**

**drwxr-xr-x. 7root root 4096 6月****  15 14:06 ..**

**\[root@localhostshare\]\# ls -al**

**总用量 12**

**drwxrwxrwx. 1root root    0 6月  15 2016 .**

**drwxr-xr-x. 7root root 4096 6月****  15 14:06 ..**

**-rwxrwxrwx. 1root root 7277 5月****  12 10:43 DNSS.txt**

**\[root@localhostshare\]\#**

**3）、设置开机自动挂载共享文件夹，此处提供两种方法**

**法1 ，添加到/etc/fstab中**

**\[root@localhost share\]\# vim /etc/fstab**

** **

**\#**

**\# /etc/fstab**

**\# Created byanaconda on Mon Jun 13 10:16:45 2016**

**\#**

**\# Accessiblefilesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'**

**\# See manpages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info**

**\#**

**UUID=4a3834d1-7ee7-4a62-9981-02f5fd003640/                       ext4    defaults        1 1**

**UUID=01099336-5280-425b-8f81-41eec776a624/boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2**

**UUID=19979dd3-99ed-4b33-abe9-61b5145e4b4c/home                   ext4    defaults        1 2**

**UUID=28098617-d10c-4d5e-93d8-823960863daeswap                    swap    defaults        0 0**

**tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0**

**devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0**

**sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0**

**proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0**

** **

**/dev/sr0                /mnt/iso                iso9660 ro,loop         0 0**

**share       /mnt/share    vboxsf     rw,gid=100,uid=1000,auto    00    **

**\[root@localhostshare\]\# df -hT**

**Filesystem     Type    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on**

**/dev/sda2      ext4     15G  5.1G  9.2G 36% /**

**tmpfs          tmpfs    372M  76K  372M   1% /dev/shm**

**/dev/sda1      ext4    969M   54M  865M  6% /boot**

**/dev/sda3      ext4     14G   37M   13G  1% /home**

**/dev/sr0       iso9660 1.8G  1.8G     0 100% /mnt/iso**

**share          vboxsf   222G  65G  157G  30% /mnt/share**

**/dev/sr1       iso9660  56M   56M     0 100% /media/VBOXADDITIONS\_5.0.20\_106931**

**\[root@localhostshare\]\#**

**法2：                                                    **

**在系统启动时执行挂载脚本:**

**\#vi/etc/rc.d/rc.local**

**在文件的最后加入上面手动挂载的命令，比如：**

**mount -tvboxsf share /mnt/share**

** **

**\[root@localhost share\]\# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local**

** **

**\#!/bin/sh**

**\#**

**\# This scriptwill be executed \*after\* all the other init scripts.**

**\# You can putyour own initialization stuff in here if you don't**

**\# want to dothe full Sys V style init stuff.**

** **

**touch/var/lock/subsys/local**

**mount -t vboxsf share /mnt/share**

** **

**\[root@localhost~\]\# df -hT**

**Filesystem     Type    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on**

**/dev/sda2      ext4     15G  5.1G  9.2G 36% /**

**tmpfs          tmpfs    372M  76K  372M   1% /dev/shm**

**/dev/sda1      ext4    969M   54M  865M  6% /boot**

**/dev/sda3      ext4     14G   37M   13G  1% /home**

**/dev/sr0       iso9660 1.8G  1.8G     0 100% /mnt/iso**

**share          vboxsf   222G  65G  157G  30% /mnt/share**

**/dev/sr1       iso9660  56M   56M     0 100% /media/VBOXADDITIONS\_5.0.20\_106931**

**4）、取消挂载**

**\[root@localhost ~\]\# umount -f /mnt/shared**

**5）、注意事项：**

**挂载时提示：/sbin/mount.vboxsf: mounting failed with the error: No suchdevice **

**则表示没有载入内核模块 vboxfs  **

**\[root@localhost ~\]\# lsmod | grep vboxsf **

**如果没有结果返回，说明 vboxsf确实没有载入，执行 **

**\[root@localhost ~\]\# modprobe vboxsf **

**再次执行以上步骤即可**

** **

[20160701150627286]: /images/20220721/263ea0443aa745f6a32a272f1f5bbac7.png
[20160701150652568]: /images/20220721/b55df6cf165e48e987b78ffd7f1d7cb4.png

virtualBox安装centos6增强包报错解决及配置共享文件夹

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