【机器视觉】Qt联合Halcon编程之显示图片

红太狼 2022-09-10 04:23 306阅读 0赞

## 00. 目录 ##

### 文章目录 ###

*   *  00. 目录
     *  01. 概述
     *  02. 编写Halcon程序
     *  03. Halcon程序导出C++文件
     *  04. 创建Qt图形界面项目
     *  05. Qt集成Halcon程序
     *  06. 附录

## 01. 概述 ##

QT与Halcon联合编程。将Halcon中代码集成到Qt程序中。

**开发环境**

Qt：Qt5.15.2

Halcon: Halcon 19.11

## 02. 编写Halcon程序 ##

程序示例

* 从本地磁盘读取一张图片
    read_image (Carb, 'E:/CarB.jpg')
    
    * 获取图片大小
    get_image_size (Carb, Width, Height)
    
    * 关闭当前窗口
    dev_close_window ()
    
    * 打开新窗口
    dev_open_window (0, 0, Width / 2, Height / 2, 'black', WindowHandle)
    
    * 显示图片
    dev_display (Carb)

Halcon中执行结果  
![请添加图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5rKn5rW35LiA56yRLWRq_size_15_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]

## 03. Halcon程序导出C++文件 ##

**3.1选择文件中导出菜单**  
![请添加图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5rKn5rW35LiA56yRLWRq_size_9_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]

**3.2 设置导出文件和格式，然后导出**  
![请添加图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5rKn5rW35LiA56yRLWRq_size_8_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]

**3.3 导出源文件程序如下**

///
    // File generated by HDevelop for HALCON/C++ Version 19.11.0.0
    // Non-ASCII strings in this file are encoded in local-8-bit encoding (cp936).
    // Ensure that the interface encoding is set to locale encoding by calling
    // SetHcppInterfaceStringEncodingIsUtf8(false) at the beginning of the program.
    // 
    // Please note that non-ASCII characters in string constants are exported
    // as octal codes in order to guarantee that the strings are correctly
    // created on all systems, independent on any compiler settings.
    // 
    // Source files with different encoding should not be mixed in one project.
    ///
    
    
    
    #ifndef __APPLE__
    #  include "HalconCpp.h"
    #  include "HDevThread.h"
    #else
    #  ifndef HC_LARGE_IMAGES
    #    include <HALCONCpp/HalconCpp.h>
    #    include <HALCONCpp/HDevThread.h>
    #    include <HALCON/HpThread.h>
    #  else
    #    include <HALCONCppxl/HalconCpp.h>
    #    include <HALCONCppxl/HDevThread.h>
    #    include <HALCONxl/HpThread.h>
    #  endif
    #  include <stdio.h>
    #  include <CoreFoundation/CFRunLoop.h>
    #endif
    
    
    
    using namespace HalconCpp;
    
    
    #ifndef NO_EXPORT_MAIN
    // Main procedure 
    void action()
    {
    
      // Local iconic variables
      HObject  ho_Carb;
    
      // Local control variables
      HTuple  hv_Width, hv_Height, hv_WindowHandle;
    
      //从本地磁盘读取一张图片
      ReadImage(&ho_Carb, "E:/CarB.jpg");
    
      //获取图片大小
      GetImageSize(ho_Carb, &hv_Width, &hv_Height);
    
      //关闭当前窗口
      if (HDevWindowStack::IsOpen())
        CloseWindow(HDevWindowStack::Pop());
    
      //打开新窗口
      SetWindowAttr("background_color","black");
      OpenWindow(0,0,hv_Width/2,hv_Height/2,0,"visible","",&hv_WindowHandle);
      HDevWindowStack::Push(hv_WindowHandle);
    
      //显示图片
      if (HDevWindowStack::IsOpen())
        DispObj(ho_Carb, HDevWindowStack::GetActive());
    
    
    
    }
    
    
    #ifndef NO_EXPORT_APP_MAIN
    
    #ifdef __APPLE__
    // On OS X systems, we must have a CFRunLoop running on the main thread in
    // order for the HALCON graphics operators to work correctly, and run the
    // action function in a separate thread. A CFRunLoopTimer is used to make sure
    // the action function is not called before the CFRunLoop is running.
    // Note that starting with macOS 10.12, the run loop may be stopped when a
    // window is closed, so we need to put the call to CFRunLoopRun() into a loop
    // of its own.
    HTuple      gStartMutex;
    H_pthread_t gActionThread;
    HBOOL       gTerminate = FALSE;
    
    static void timer_callback(CFRunLoopTimerRef timer, void *info)
    {
      UnlockMutex(gStartMutex);
    }
    
    static Herror apple_action(void **parameters)
    {
      // Wait until the timer has fired to start processing.
      LockMutex(gStartMutex);
      UnlockMutex(gStartMutex);
    
      try
      {
        action();
      }
      catch (HException &exception)
      {
        fprintf(stderr,"  Error #%u in %s: %s\n", exception.ErrorCode(),
                (const char *)exception.ProcName(),
                (const char *)exception.ErrorMessage());
      }
    
      // Tell the main thread to terminate itself.
      LockMutex(gStartMutex);
      gTerminate = TRUE;
      UnlockMutex(gStartMutex);
      CFRunLoopStop(CFRunLoopGetMain());
      return H_MSG_OK;
    }
    
    static int apple_main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
      Herror                error;
      CFRunLoopTimerRef     Timer;
      CFRunLoopTimerContext TimerContext = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
    
      CreateMutex("type","sleep",&gStartMutex);
      LockMutex(gStartMutex);
    
      error = HpThreadHandleAlloc(&gActionThread);
      if (H_MSG_OK != error)
      {
        fprintf(stderr,"HpThreadHandleAlloc failed: %d\n", error);
        exit(1);
      }
    
      error = HpThreadCreate(gActionThread,0,apple_action);
      if (H_MSG_OK != error)
      {
        fprintf(stderr,"HpThreadCreate failed: %d\n", error);
        exit(1);
      }
    
      Timer = CFRunLoopTimerCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault,
                                   CFAbsoluteTimeGetCurrent(),0,0,0,
                                   timer_callback,&TimerContext);
      if (!Timer)
      {
        fprintf(stderr,"CFRunLoopTimerCreate failed\n");
        exit(1);
      }
      CFRunLoopAddTimer(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(),Timer,kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
    
      for (;;)
      {
        HBOOL terminate;
    
        CFRunLoopRun();
    
        LockMutex(gStartMutex);
        terminate = gTerminate;
        UnlockMutex(gStartMutex);
    
        if (terminate)
          break;
      }
    
      CFRunLoopRemoveTimer(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(),Timer,kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
      CFRelease(Timer);
    
      error = HpThreadHandleFree(gActionThread);
      if (H_MSG_OK != error)
      {
        fprintf(stderr,"HpThreadHandleFree failed: %d\n", error);
        exit(1);
      }
    
      ClearMutex(gStartMutex);
      return 0;
    }
    #endif
    
    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
      int ret = 0;
    
      try
      {
    #if defined(_WIN32)
        SetSystem("use_window_thread", "true");
    #endif
    
        // file was stored with local-8-bit encoding
        //   -> set the interface encoding accordingly
        SetHcppInterfaceStringEncodingIsUtf8(false);
    
        // Default settings used in HDevelop (can be omitted)
        SetSystem("width", 512);
        SetSystem("height", 512);
    
    #ifndef __APPLE__
        action();
    #else
        ret = apple_main(argc,argv);
    #endif
      }
      catch (HException &exception)
      {
        fprintf(stderr,"  Error #%u in %s: %s\n", exception.ErrorCode(),
                (const char *)exception.ProcName(),
                (const char *)exception.ErrorMessage());
        ret = 1;
      }
      return ret;
    }
    
    #endif
    
    
    #endif

## 04. 创建Qt图形界面项目 ##

**4.1 简单的GUI设计如下**  
![请添加图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5rKn5rW35LiA56yRLWRq_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]

**4.2 选择MSVC2019编译器或者其它版本的编译器**  
![请添加图片描述][6ac8c022b5f2412c9c3628fcbcba6836.png]

集成halcon编译需要用msvc，如果用minGW,会出错，等有时间在去研究minGW编译情形。

## 05. Qt集成Halcon程序 ##

**5.1 在pro项目配置文件中添加一下Halcon相关配置**

# MacOS specific settings. Note that while dyld will search under
    # /Library/Frameworks by default, the preprocessor/compiler/linker will not
    # and need to be told explicitly.
    macx { 
      QMAKE_CXXFLAGS += -F/Library/Frameworks
      QMAKE_LFLAGS   += -F/Library/Frameworks
      LIBS           += -framework HALCONCpp
    }
    else { 
      #defines
      win32:DEFINES += WIN32
    
      #includes
      INCLUDEPATH   += "$$(HALCONROOT)/include"
      INCLUDEPATH   += "$$(HALCONROOT)/include/halconcpp"
    
      #libs
      QMAKE_LIBDIR  += "$$(HALCONROOT)/lib/$$(HALCONARCH)"
      unix:LIBS     += -lhalconcpp -lhalcon -lXext -lX11 -ldl -lpthread
      win32:LIBS    += "$$(HALCONROOT)/lib/$$(HALCONARCH)/halconcpp.lib" \
                       "$$(HALCONROOT)/lib/$$(HALCONARCH)/halcon.lib"
    }

**5.2 在mainwindow.h文件中添加Halcon相关头文件**

# include "HalconCpp.h"
    # include "HDevThread.h"
    
    using namespace HalconCpp;

**5.3 在MainWindow添加halcon相关的变量**  
![请添加图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5rKn5rW35LiA56yRLWRq_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]

源文件如下：

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
    #define MAINWINDOW_H
    
    #include <QMainWindow>
    
    
    
    # include "HalconCpp.h"
    # include "HDevThread.h"
    
    using namespace HalconCpp;
    
    
    QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
    namespace Ui {  class MainWindow; }
    QT_END_NAMESPACE
    
    class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
    { 
        Q_OBJECT
    
    public:
        MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
        ~MainWindow();
    
    private slots:
        void on_pushButton_clicked();
    
    private:
        Ui::MainWindow *ui;
    
        // Local iconic variables
        HObject  ho_Carb;
    
        // Local control variables
        HTuple  hv_Width, hv_Height, hv_WindowHandle;
    
    
    };
    #endif // MAINWINDOW_H

**5.4 实现采集图像槽函数**

//采集图像按钮槽函数
    void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()
    { 
        //从本地磁盘读取一张图片
          ReadImage(&ho_Carb, "E:/CarB.jpg");
    
          //获取图片大小
          GetImageSize(ho_Carb, &hv_Width, &hv_Height);
    
          //关闭当前窗口
          if (HDevWindowStack::IsOpen())
            CloseWindow(HDevWindowStack::Pop());
    
          //打开新窗口
          SetWindowAttr("background_color","black");
          //Halcon图像窗口与QT窗口是独立的窗口
          //OpenWindow(0,0,hv_Width/2,hv_Height/2,0,"visible","",&hv_WindowHandle);
    
          //获取Label空间的WinId
          Hlong winId = (Hlong)ui->label->winId();
          //将Label和Halcon窗口进行绑定
          OpenWindow(0,0,hv_Width/2,hv_Height/2,winId,"visible","",&hv_WindowHandle);
          HDevWindowStack::Push(hv_WindowHandle);
    
          //显示图片
          if (HDevWindowStack::IsOpen())
            DispObj(ho_Carb, HDevWindowStack::GetActive());
    
    }

**5.5 编译运行，执行结果**  
![请添加图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5rKn5rW35LiA56yRLWRq_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]

## 06. 附录 ##

**6.1 测试程序下载**

下载：[【机器视觉】Qt联合Halcon编程之显示图片.rar][Qt_Halcon_.rar]

[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5rKn5rW35LiA56yRLWRq_size_15_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: /images/20220829/e51f034d30024872933fe0433db9146b.png
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[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5rKn5rW35LiA56yRLWRq_size_8_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: /images/20220829/ecbfb67256f34db59b575c6b254d5628.png
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[6ac8c022b5f2412c9c3628fcbcba6836.png]: /images/20220829/e3467e6257a140248bd1216433f02c03.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5rKn5rW35LiA56yRLWRq_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: /images/20220829/6c3bdb9e1dc544ef85f570a06100c46c.png
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[Qt_Halcon_.rar]: https://download.csdn.net/download/dengjin20104042056/21937804