LaTeX 写作的两个辅助工具：统计中文字数和关闭Acrobat中的PDF文档

Bertha 。 2022-08-25 08:29 137阅读 0赞

LaTeX 没有像 Word 那样自带中文字数统计功能，加上 LaTeX 源文件中有许多控制字符，不能通过文件大小获知其中有多少汉字。为此我用C写了一个统计中文字数的小工具，名为 cwc ，即 chinese word counter。这个程序只有 count\_files() 函数使用了 Windows API，稍作修改就能移植到 Linux/Unix 下。  
  
  
\#include <stdio.h>  
\#include <wchar.h>  
\#include <windows.h>  
int total = 0; // total chinese characters  
  
// UNICODE version word counter  
void word\_count\_u(FILE\* pf)  
\{  
int w = 0, b = 2;  
wint\_t c;

while((c = getwc(pf)) != WEOF) \{  
b += 2; // byte count  
if (c > 127) \{ // 中文字符  
w++; // char count  
\}  
\}  
  
printf("%10d /t %10d/n", w, b);  
total += w;  
\}  
  
// word counter  
void word\_count(const char\* file)  
\{  
int w = 0, b = 0;  
int c;  
int unicode = 0;  
  
FILE \*pf = fopen(file, "rb");  
if (NULL == pf) \{  
return;  
\}  
printf ("%20s : ", file);  
  
// 判断是否为 UNICODE 文件  
if ((c = getc(pf)) == 0xff) \{  
int cc;  
if ((cc = getc(pf)) == 0xfe) \{  
unicode = 1;  
printf("UNICODE");  
word\_count\_u(pf);  
\}  
else \{  
fseek(pf, 0, SEEK\_SET);  
\}  
\}  
else \{  
ungetc(c, pf);  
\}  
  
if (!unicode) \{  
printf(" ");  
while((c = getc(pf)) != EOF) \{  
b++; // byte count  
if (c > 127) \{ // 中文字符  
w++; // char count  
b++; // 每个中文字符占两字节  
if ((c = getc(pf)) == EOF)  
break;  
\}  
\}  
  
printf("%10d /t %10d/n", w, b);  
total += w;  
\}  
fclose(pf);  
\}

void count\_files(const char\* file)  
\{  
WIN32\_FIND\_DATA FindFileData;  
HANDLE hFind = FindFirstFile(file, &FindFileData);

if (INVALID\_HANDLE\_VALUE == hFind) \{  
fprintf(stderr, "Can't find %s/n", file);  
return ;  
\}

do \{  
if (FindFileData.dwFileAttributes & FILE\_ATTRIBUTE\_SYSTEM) \{  
continue;  
\}  
if (FindFileData.dwFileAttributes & FILE\_ATTRIBUTE\_DIRECTORY) \{  
// do nothing  
\}  
else \{  
word\_count(FindFileData.cFileName);  
\}  
\} while (FindNextFile(hFind, &FindFileData));

FindClose(hFind);  
\}

int main(int argc, char\* argv\[\])  
\{  
if (1 == argc) \{  
// default: count all .tex and .txt files in current dir  
count\_files("\*.tex");  
count\_files("\*.txt");  
\}  
else \{  
// get filenames from command line arguments  
while (--argc > 0) \{  
count\_files(argv\[argc\]);  
\}  
\}  
printf(" Total : %d", total);  
return 0;  
\}  
  
另外一个常见的问题是，用 dvipdfm 生成 PDF 文件时，经常忘了在 Acrobat 中关闭这个文件，而导致出现以下错误提示：  
  
E:/Projects/SlideWindowReport>dvipdfm SlideWindow

SlideWindow.dvi -> SlideWindow.pdf

Unable to open SlideWindow.pdf

Output file removed.  
  
为此我写了一个专门用来关闭 Acrobat 中的 PDF 文件的小工具，名为 closepdf，原理是通过 DDE 告诉 Acrobat 关闭某个 PDF 文件。这个小工具的灵感来自 WinEdt 的自动关闭功能（我跟踪它的宏代码得知如何用 DDE 控制 Acrobat），代码改自 MSDN 的一篇文章。我完全不懂 DDE，不过这不妨碍程序的正常工作:)  
  
有了这个小工具，我就可以写一个 batch file 来编译生成并阅读 PDF 文件：  
  
rem this is m.bat  
latex %1  
latex %1  
closepdf %1.pdf  
dvipdfm %1 %2 %3 %4 %5  
start %1.pdf  
  
代码如下：  
// close the user specified pdf file in Acrobat Reader  
  
// ref. Microsoft Knowledge Base Article - 279721  
// HOWTO: Use Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) with Word and Excel from Visual C++  
  
// modified by Solstice 2004/01/2  
  
\#define WIN32\_LEAN\_AND\_MEAN // Exclude rarely-used stuff from Windows headers  
\#define STRICT

\#include <windows.h>  
\#include <ddeml.h>  
\#include <stdio.h>  
\#include <assert.h>  
\#include <stdlib.h>

HDDEDATA CALLBACK DdeCallback(  
UINT uType, // Transaction type.  
UINT uFmt, // Clipboard data format.  
HCONV hconv, // Handle to the conversation.  
HSZ hsz1, // Handle to a string.  
HSZ hsz2, // Handle to a string.  
HDDEDATA hdata, // Handle to a global memory object.  
DWORD dwData1, // Transaction-specific data.  
DWORD dwData2) // Transaction-specific data.  
\{  
return 0;  
\}

void DDEExecute(DWORD idInst, HCONV hConv, char\* szCommand)  
\{  
HDDEDATA hData = DdeCreateDataHandle(idInst, (LPBYTE)szCommand,  
lstrlen(szCommand)+1, 0, NULL, CF\_TEXT, 0);  
if (hData==NULL) \{  
printf("Command failed: %s/n", szCommand);  
\}  
else \{  
DdeClientTransaction((LPBYTE)hData, 0xFFFFFFFF, hConv, 0L, 0,  
XTYP\_EXECUTE, TIMEOUT\_ASYNC, NULL);  
\}  
\}

void DDERequest(DWORD idInst, HCONV hConv, char\* szItem, char\* sDesc)  
\{  
HSZ hszItem = DdeCreateStringHandle(idInst, szItem, 0);  
HDDEDATA hData = DdeClientTransaction(NULL,0,hConv,hszItem,CF\_TEXT,  
XTYP\_REQUEST,5000 , NULL);  
if (hData == NULL)  
\{  
printf("Request failed: %s/n", szItem);  
\}  
else  
\{  
char szResult\[255\];  
DdeGetData(hData, (unsigned char \*)szResult, 255, 0);  
printf("%s%s/n", sDesc, szResult);  
\}  
\}

void DDEPoke(DWORD idInst, HCONV hConv, char\* szItem, char\* szData)  
\{  
HSZ hszItem = DdeCreateStringHandle(idInst, szItem, 0);  
DdeClientTransaction((LPBYTE)szData, (DWORD)(lstrlen(szData)+1),  
hConv, hszItem, CF\_TEXT,  
XTYP\_POKE, 3000, NULL);  
DdeFreeStringHandle(idInst, hszItem);  
\}

int get\_error(const char\* filename)  
\{  
HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(filename,  
GENERIC\_WRITE,  
FILE\_SHARE\_READ,  
NULL,  
OPEN\_EXISTING,  
FILE\_ATTRIBUTE\_NORMAL,  
NULL);  
  
if (INVALID\_HANDLE\_VALUE == hFile) \{  
return GetLastError();  
\} else \{  
CloseHandle(hFile);  
return 0;  
\}  
\}

bool is\_file\_locked(const char\* filename)  
\{  
return (get\_error(filename) == 32);  
\}

bool is\_file\_exists(const char\* filename)  
\{  
return (get\_error(filename) != 2);  
\}

int main(int argc, char\* argv\[\])  
\{  
char szApp\[\] = "acroview";  
char szTopic\[\] = "control";  
char szCloseAll\[\] = "\[CloseAllDocs()\]";  
char full\_file\_name\[MAX\_PATH\];  
const char\* file\_to\_close = argv\[1\];  
  
if (argc == 1) \{  
// close all pdf files  
\} else \{ // close the specified file  
if (!is\_file\_exists(file\_to\_close)) \{  
printf("%s doesn't exists./n", file\_to\_close);  
return 1;  
\}  
if (is\_file\_locked(file\_to\_close)) \{  
printf("%s is open, trying to close it.../n", file\_to\_close);  
\} else \{  
printf("%s is closed./n", file\_to\_close);  
return 0;  
\}  
assert (GetFullPathName(  
file\_to\_close,  
sizeof(full\_file\_name),  
full\_file\_name,  
NULL  
) > 0);  
//printf("Full name : /"%s/"/n", full\_file\_name);  
\}  
  
//\[DocOpen(""%P/%N.pdf"")\]  
//\[DocClose(""%P/%N.pdf"")\]

//DDE Initialization  
DWORD idInst=0;  
UINT iReturn;  
iReturn = DdeInitialize(&idInst, (PFNCALLBACK)DdeCallback,  
APPCLASS\_STANDARD | APPCMD\_CLIENTONLY, 0 );  
if (iReturn!=DMLERR\_NO\_ERROR)  
\{  
printf("DDE Initialization Failed: 0x%04x/n", iReturn);  
Sleep(1500);  
return 0;  
\}

//DDE Connect to Server using given AppName and topic.  
HSZ hszApp, hszTopic;  
HCONV hConv;  
hszApp = DdeCreateStringHandle(idInst, szApp, 0);  
hszTopic = DdeCreateStringHandle(idInst, szTopic, 0);  
hConv = DdeConnect(idInst, hszApp, hszTopic, NULL);  
DdeFreeStringHandle(idInst, hszApp);  
DdeFreeStringHandle(idInst, hszTopic);  
if (hConv == NULL)  
\{  
printf("DDE Connection Failed./n");  
Sleep(500); DdeUninitialize(idInst);  
return 0;  
\}  
else  
\{  
printf("DDE Connection to Acrobat Reader succeed./n");  
Sleep(50);  
\}  
  
if (argc == 1) \{  
// close all pdf files  
//Execute commands/requests specific to the DDE Server.  
DDEExecute(idInst, hConv, szCloseAll);  
printf("Closing all PDF documents.../n");  
Sleep(50);  
\} else \{ // close the specified file  
char cmd\_buf\[MAX\_PATH + 100\];  
//\[DocOpen(""%P/%N.pdf"")\]  
//\[DocClose(""%P/%N.pdf"")\]  
printf("Closing %s /n", full\_file\_name);  
snprintf(cmd\_buf, sizeof(cmd\_buf), "\[DocOpen(/"%s/")\]", full\_file\_name);  
DDEExecute(idInst, hConv, cmd\_buf);  
Sleep(50);  
snprintf(cmd\_buf, sizeof(cmd\_buf), "\[DocClose(/"%s/")\]", full\_file\_name);  
DDEExecute(idInst, hConv, cmd\_buf);  
Sleep(50);  
\}

//DDE Disconnect and Uninitialize.  
DdeDisconnect(hConv);  
DdeUninitialize(idInst);  
  
if (argc == 1) \{  
// close all pdf files  
return (0);  
\}

for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) \{  
Sleep(100);  
if (!is\_file\_locked(file\_to\_close))  
break;  
\}  
if (!is\_file\_locked(file\_to\_close)) \{  
printf("%s is closed./n", file\_to\_close);  
return 0;  
\} else \{  
printf("%s is still open./n", file\_to\_close);  
return 1;  
\}  
\}