Oracle的监听服务配置listener.ora的动态注册和静态注册

偏执的太偏执、 2022-07-28 04:06 244阅读 0赞

Oracle数据库实例（instance）启动后，必须在监听服务（listener）注册才能被客户端连接，而注册有2种方式，动态注册和静态注册。

查看监听进程：

> \[oracle@homeoracle ~\]$ ps -ef | grep tns  
> oracle 10473 1 0 May14 ? 00:00:18 /db/oracle/product/10.2.0/db\_1/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit  
> oracle 22822 22795 0 22:14 pts/3 00:00:00 grep tns

所谓的动态注册，就是由实例的SMON进程向监听器注册的，该进程负责告知监听器数据库的服务名和实例名（二者可以不同），一般我们的实例都是动态注册，尤其是在RAC环境下，以下是典型的动态注册配置文件：

> \[oracle@homeoracle admin\]$ cat listener.ora  
> \# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /db/oracle/product/10.2.0/db\_1/network/admin/listener.ora  
> \# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
> 
> SID\_LIST\_LISTENER =  
> (SID\_LIST =  
> (SID\_DESC =  
> (SID\_NAME = PLSExtProc)  
> (ORACLE\_HOME = /db/oracle/product/10.2.0/db\_1)  
> (PROGRAM = extproc)  
> )  
> )
> 
> LISTENER =  
> (DESCRIPTION\_LIST =  
> (DESCRIPTION =  
> (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))  
> (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = homeoracle)(PORT = 1521))  
> )  
> )

动态注册的情况下，服务的状态主要是以下2种：

BLOCKED:表示此实例不能接受客户端连接，只能通过本机访问。  
READY:表示此实例可接受连接

一个典型的结果如下所示：

> \[oracle@homeoracle admin\]$ lsnrctl stat
> 
> Services Summary...  
> Service "IntranetOracle" has 1 instance(s).  
> Instance "cdcIntranet", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...  
> Service "IntranetOracle\_XPT" has 1 instance(s).  
> Instance "cdcIntranet", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...  
> Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).  
> Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...  
> Service "cdcIntranetXDB" has 1 instance(s).  
> Instance "cdcIntranet", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...  
> The command completed successfully

而静态注册则是监听启动的时候从listener.ora配置文件读取静态配置信息：

> \[oracle@homeoracle admin\]$ cat listener.ora  
> \# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /db/oracle/product/10.2.0/db\_1/network/admin/listener.ora  
> \# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
> 
> SID\_LIST\_LISTENER =  
> (SID\_LIST =  
> (SID\_DESC =  
> (SID\_NAME = PLSExtProc)  
> (ORACLE\_HOME = /db/oracle/product/10.2.0/db\_1)  
> (PROGRAM = extproc)  
> )  
> (SID\_DESC =  
> (GLOBAL\_DBNAME = IntranetOracle)  
> (ORACLE\_HOME = /db/oracle/product/10.2.0/db\_1)  
> (SID\_NAME = cdcIntranet)  
> )  
> )  
> )

此时服务一般是UNKNOWN状态，表示此实例在listener.ora文件中注册而不是通过动态服务注册，因而不知道其状态。

在ASM环境下，一般状态如下：

> Instance "+ASM", status BLOCKED

因为ASM实例一般是不需从别的客户端连接的，所以为BLOCKED状态，当然，也可以通过修改listener.ora文件，通过静态注册ASM实例。

From [http://www.banping.com/2009/05/15/oracle\_listener/][http_www.banping.com_2009_05_15_oracle_listener]

[http_www.banping.com_2009_05_15_oracle_listener]: http://www.banping.com/2009/05/15/oracle_listener/