linux中hive安装和部署详解

野性酷女 2022-06-15 06:10 308阅读 0赞

# **一.前期准备** #

### **1.1 hadoop** ###

版本：Hadoop 2.6.5

安装：[http://blog.csdn.net/a123demi/article/details/70652959][http_blog.csdn.net_a123demi_article_details_70652959]

### **1.2 mysql** ###

版本：5.6.33 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

### **1.3 mysql驱动包** ###

版本：mysql-connector-java-5.1.40-bin.jar

### **1.4 hive安装包** ###

官网下载：apache-hive-2.1.1-bin.tar.gz

# **二.hive安装** #

### **2.1 hive部署** ###

#定位
    cd /opt/software
    #解压
    tar -zxvf apache-hive-2.1.1-bin.tar.gz 
    #复制hive解压到/usr/local/hive
    cp -r apache-hive-2.1.1-bin /usr/local/hive

![Center][]

![Image 1][]

### **2.2 mysql驱动包导入** ###

把1.3中的mysql驱动包放置到$HIVE\_HOME\\lib目录

# **三.hadoop配置** #

### **3.1 启动dfs+yarn** ###

#定位
    cd /usr/local/hadoop
    #启动dfs+yarn
    sbin/start-all.sh

### **3.2 创建HDFS目录并赋予权限** ###

hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /usr/hive/warehouse
    hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /usr/hive/tmp
    hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /usr/hive/log
    hdfs dfs -chmod g+w /usr/hive/warehouse
    hdfs dfs -chmod g+w /usr/hive/tmp
    hdfs dfs -chmod g+w /usr/hive/log

# **四.hive配置** #

### **4.1 配置环境变量** ###

vi /etc/profile
    --------------------------------------------
    #hive
    export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive
    #path
    export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
    --------------------------------------------
    重新编译profile
    source /etc/profile

### **4.2 hive-env.sh配置** ###

#定位
    cd /usr/local/hive/conf
    #生成hive-env.sh文件
    cp -r hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
    #配置
    vi hive-env.sh
    --------------------------------------------
    # Folder containing extra ibraries required for hive compilation/execution can be controlled by:
    # export HIVE_AUX_JARS_PATH=
    
    export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
    export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
    export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive
    # HADOOP_HOME=${bin}/../../hadoop
    
    # Hive Configuration Directory can be controlled by:
    export HIVE_CONF_DIR=$HIVE_HOME/conf
    
    # Folder containing extra ibraries required for hive compilation/execution can be controlled by:
    export HIVE_AUX_JARS_PATH=/usr/local/hive/lib/*

### **4.3 hive-site.xml配置** ###

#生成hive-site.xml文件
    cp -r hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml 
    #配置
    vi hive-site.xml
    --------------------------------------------
    <configuration>
      
      
      
      
      <property>
        <name>hive.exec.scratchdir</name>
        <value>/usr/hive/tmp</value>
        <description>HDFS root scratch dir for Hive jobs which gets created with write all (733) permission. For each connecting user, an HDFS scratch dir: ${hive.exec.scratchdir}/<username> is created, with ${hive.scratch.dir.permission}.</description>
      </property>
      <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
        <value>/usr/hive/warehouse</value>
        <description>location of default database for the warehouse</description>
      </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.querylog.location</name>
        <value>/usr/hive/log</value>
        <description>Location of Hive run time structured log file</description>
      </property>
     <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
        <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.32.128:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false</value>
      </property>
      <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
        <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
      </property>
      <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
        <value>root</value>
      </property>
      <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
        <value>root</value>
      </property>
    </configuration>

![Center 1][]

![Image 1][]

### **4.4 注意** ###

本文mysql用户使用的是root用户，生产环境可以自建一个用户，

详情可参看：[https://my.oschina.net/jackieyeah/blog/735424][https_my.oschina.net_jackieyeah_blog_735424]

# **五.测试实现** #

### **5.1****schematool 命令来执行初始化操作** ###

从 Hive 2.1 版本开始, 我们需要先运行 schematool 命令来执行初始化操作，

schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

### **5.2 Hive客户端启动** ###

#命令
    hive

![Center 2][]

![Image 1][]

hive操作的命令基本与mysql一致。

[http_blog.csdn.net_a123demi_article_details_70652959]: http://blog.csdn.net/a123demi/article/details/70652959
[Center]: /images/20220615/527278bb7391403c9bd6b6ad18249056.png
[Image 1]: 
[Center 1]: /images/20220615/4b1555273fd94d0aa469ba3ba135af63.png
[https_my.oschina.net_jackieyeah_blog_735424]: https://my.oschina.net/jackieyeah/blog/735424
[Center 2]: /images/20220615/0893f3ec8bfb45f4a9b147d04148f54f.png