hive 实践（一）：部署和安装

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2022-09-26 02:58 226阅读 0赞

一，目标

1、部署hive

二、前提条件

1、环境为centos 6.5

2、已经部署了hadoop伪分布式

3、安装了hbase

4、安装了mysql 5.6.33

三、部署步骤

1、下载安装包

下载hive http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/   得到apache-hive-2.1.0-bin.tar.gz  ，放到该目录下 /home/soft/hive

2、 在mysql上创建 hive用户， 创建hive用户,数据库等

CREATE USER 'hive'@'archive.cloudera.com' IDENTIFIED BY 'hive'; 
 GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'hive'@'archive.cloudera.com';
 create database hive;
 grant all on hive.* to hive@'%' identified by 'hive';
 grant all on hive.* to hive@'archive.cloudera.com' identified by 'hive';
 flush privileges;

退出mysql

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3、安装hive  
1）解压安装包

进入/home/soft/hive目录，解压hive安装包 tar -zxvf apache-hive-2.1.0-bin.tar.gz

进入/opt/hadoop目录， mv  /home/soft/hive/apache-hive-2.1.0-bin ./hive

2) 添加环境变量

vi  /etc/profile  
  
export HIVE\_HOME=/opt/hadoop/hive  
export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE\_HOME/bin  
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使其有效  
source /etc/profile  
  
  
4）修改hive-site.xml  
    首先进入 hive的conf目录，cp hive/conf/hive-default.xml.template hive/conf/hive-site.xml  
   编辑hive-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
 <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
 <configuration>
 <property>
   <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
   <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
   <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
 </property>
 <property>
   <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
   <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
   <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
 </property>
 <property>
   <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
   <value>hive</value>
   <description>username to use against metastore database</description>
 </property>
 <property>
   <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
   <value>hive</value>
   <description>password to use against metastore database</description>
 </property>
 <property>
   <name>hive.metastore.local</name>
   <value>true</value>
   <description></description>
 </property>
 <property>
         <name>datanucleus.readOnlyDatastore</name>
         <value>false</value>
     </property>
     <property> 
         <name>datanucleus.fixedDatastore</name>
         <value>false</value> 
     </property>
     <property> 
         <name>datanucleus.autoCreateSchema</name> 
         <value>true</value> 
     </property>
     <property>
         <name>datanucleus.autoCreateTables</name>
         <value>true</value>
     </property>
     <property>
         <name>datanucleus.autoCreateColumns</name>
         <value>true</value>
     </property>
 </configuration>

5）配置hive-env.sh文件，指定HADOOP\_HOME

HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop

6）下载mysql-connector-java-5.1.6-bin.jar并拷贝到hive 的lib下面

[root@archive lib]# pwd
 /opt/hadoop/hive/lib
 [root@archive lib]# 
 [root@archive lib]# cp /home/soft/hive/*jar .
 [root@archive lib]# 
 [root@archive lib]# ls my*
 mysql-connector-java-5.1.6-bin.jar
 [root@archive lib]#

7）把hive lib目录里面的jline-2.12.jar拷贝到hadoop相应的目录下，替代jline-0.9.94.jar，否则启动会报错

[root@archive lib]# pwd
 /opt/hadoop/hive/lib
 [root@archive lib]# cp jline-2.12.jar /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4/share/hadoop/yarn/lib

四，启动测试hive，启动hadoop后，执行hive命令

1） 启动 hive server

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启动正常，可以通过 jps 命令，显示

\[root@archive hive\]\# jps  
   4944 DataNode  
   16356 RunJar  
   5105 SecondaryNameNode  
   5257 ResourceManager  
   18329 Jps  
   5353 NodeManager  
   4822 NameNode

注意，多了RunJar

现在我们可以用hive登录进行操作：  输入hive 回车

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五：启动异常和处理

1)  启动报异常，如图

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这个是因为之前

jdbc:mysql://192.168.136.144:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true修改后

2） 启动异常二： 无法连接mysql

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解决： hive 版本太高，降级到2.0.0 问题解决

3）hive连接mysql  被拒绝

# hive采用本地mysql方式，异常Access denied for user 'hive'@'archive.cloudera.com' (using password: YES) #

java.sql.SQLException: Unable to open a test connection to the given database. JDBC url = jdbc:mysql://192.168.136.144:3306/hive?characterEncoding=UTF-8, username = hive. Terminating connection pool (set lazyInit to true if you expect to start your database after your app). Original Exception: ------  
java.sql.SQLException: Access denied for user 'hive'@'archive.cloudera.com' (using password: YES)

解决： 权限问题

\#首先用root登录mysql

mysql -uroot -pnmc123

\#登录后进行授权  
grant all on \*.\*  to 'hive'@'archive.cloudera.com' identified by'hive'  
grant all on \*.\*  to  hive@'%'  identified by 'hive';  
flush privileges;

\#重启mysql

service mysql restart

\#确认

mysql -uhive -phive

\#登录后，使用数据库

use mysql

\#如果不报错，就成功了。

[Center]: /images/20220717/01e0e3a759444727b4558bcb0c3054ec.png
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