树莓派3B+ 智能家居（HomeKit）

不念不忘少年蓝@ 2022-06-06 08:08 284阅读 0赞

## 树莓派3B+ 智能家居（HomeKit） ##

> 当今科技发展日新月异，越来越多的新兴技术步入人们生活，智能家居同样也不例外，然后人们面对新科技却望而却步，因为整套设备的价格是非常昂贵的，而且现在还没有一个厂商能提供一套完整且稳定的系统，导致现在还不能快速普及。如果你想尝尝鲜，那么，一个树莓派就能为你创建一个这样的基础环境。

### 1.安装脚本 ###

> 安装过程比较累赘，这里就不做过多的解释了。  
> 安装所需的库 ：Node 和 HAP-NodeJS（Node版本为8.2.1，HAP-NodeJS更新为Nov 6, 2017）  
> 打包链接：[http://download.csdn.net/download/kxwinxp/10124545][http_download.csdn.net_download_kxwinxp_10124545]

#### 完整实现脚本如下： ####

#!/bin/bash
    PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
    export PATH
    
    echo " +---------------------------------------------------------------------- | HAP-NodeJS FOR Debian raspberry +---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Copyright © 2017 kioye All rights reserved. +---------------------------------------------------------------------- "
    #make sure your confirm. 
    read -p "Do you want to install HAP-NodeJS to the $setup_path directory now?(y/n): " go;
    
    if [ "$go" == 'n' ]||[ "$go" == 'N' ];then
        exit;
    fi
    # get into directory of application
    cd ~
    mkdir application
    cd application
    
    sudo apt-get install -y git avahi-daemon avahi-discover libnss-mdns libavahi-compat-libdnssd-dev build-essential
    # apt-get update --fix-missing -y
    sudo service avahi-daemon start
    wget -O node.tar.gz https://nodejs.org/dist/v8.2.1/node-v8.2.1-linux-armv7l.tar.xz
    tar -zxvf node.tar.gz
    mv node-*l usr
    sudo cp -rf usr /
    # install node base cross-platform
    sudo npm install -g -y node-gyp
    # install C++ lib
    sudo apt-get install -y libavahi-compat-libdnssd-dev
    # download HAP-NodeJS
    git clone https://github.com/KhaosT/HAP-NodeJS.git
    sudo chmod -R 777 /root ./HAP-NodeJS
    # get into HAP-NodeJS directory
    cd HAP-NodeJS
    # install some access for HAP-NodeJS
    sudo npm install -y node-persist debug mdns fast-srp-hap ed25519 buffer-shims curve25519-n2 ip python-shell
    cd ..
    echo " +---------------------------------------------------------------------- | HAP-NodeJS Installed finish!! +---------------------------------------------------------------------- | start in Bridged mode: | sudo node HAP-NodeJS/BridgedCore.js +---------------------------------------------------------------------- | run as an independent HomeKit device: | sudo node HAP-NodeJS/Core.js +---------------------------------------------------------------------- "
    exit 0

### 2.添加到自启动 ###

sudo vim /etc/rc.local // 在 exit 0 前添加如下：
    # HAP-NodeJS 开机自启脚本（nohup为后台执行,run.log为运行记录。）
    sudo nohup node /home/pi/application/HAP-NodeJS/Core.js >/home/pi/application/HAP-NodeJS/run.log 2>&1 &
    # python GPIO口初始化！
    python /home/pi/application/HAP-NodeJS/python/init.py

> GPIO初始化口，我接下来要用的是 11、13和15口。  
> 脚本如下：

vim ~/application/HAP-NodeJS/python/init.py
    // -------------请完整复制粘贴如下内容！！------------------
    #!/usr/bin/env python
    import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
    import sys
    
    def setup(p):
        GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
        GPIO.setup(p, GPIO.OUT)
    
    
    GPIO.setwarnings(False)
    # 初始化 11、13和15口。
    arr={
       11,13,15}
    for gp in arr:
        setup(gp);
    
    
    sys.exit(0)

### 3.HAP-NodeJS介绍 ###

> GitHub：[https://github.com/KhaosT/HAP-NodeJS][https_github.com_KhaosT_HAP-NodeJS]

--------------------

> HAP Nodejs是一个通过Nodejs搭建的HomeKit服务器。因此，它能直接和苹果 家庭（home）应用相连。苹果设备又支持Siri，故可以直接通过Siri控制HomeKit设备。

#### 它有两种启动模式： ####

*  桥接模式启动HAP服务器：  
    sudo node HAP-NodeJS/BridgedCore.js
 *  独立模式（各配件作为一个的HomeKit设备启动）：  
    sudo node HAP-NodeJS/Core.js

#### 可自己定义配件： ####

*  格式为：accessories/\*\*\_accessory.js文件  
    \*\*为简短的描述，所有此类定义的附件都会在服务器上加载。（非此类将不会加载！）

### 4.模拟配件 ###

--------------------

#### 4.1 模拟一个两级亮度的灯 ####

> 该配件是通过python-shell来控制GPIO，故需安装python的gpio包。

sudo apt-get install -y python-rpi.gpio

#### 一个控制灯的附件代码： ####

> 功能：控制 GPIO 13 和 15 口，分别控制灯开关和亮度（两级），默认高电平为开启。  
> 可以直接在`var powergp='13';`和`var brightnessgp='15';`修改GPIO口。

![GPIO][]

// 创建MyTableLight_accessory.js
    sudo vim ~/application/HAP-NodeJS/accessories/MyTableLight_accessory.js
    // -------------请完整复制粘贴如下内容！！------------------
    var Accessory = require('../').Accessory;
    var Service = require('../').Service;
    var Characteristic = require('../').Characteristic;
    var uuid = require('../').uuid;
    var PythonShell = require('python-shell');
    var powergp='13';
    var brightnessgp='15';
    
    var LightController = {
      name: "My Table Light", //name of accessory
      pincode: "031-45-154",
      username: "FA:3C:ED:5A:1A:1F", // MAC like address used by HomeKit to differentiate accessories. 
      manufacturer: "HAP-NodeJS", //manufacturer (optional)
      model: "v1.0", //model (optional)
      serialNumber: "A12S345KGB", //serial number (optional)
    
      power: false, //curent power status
      brightness: 100, //current brightness
      hue: 0, //current hue
      saturation: 0, //current saturation
    
      outputLogs: true, //output logs
    
      setPower: function(status) {  //set power of accessory
        if(this.outputLogs) {
            console.log("Turning the '%s' %s", this.name, status ? "on" : "off");
        }
        PythonShell.run('../../home/pi/application/HAP-NodeJS/python/gpio.py', {args:[powergp+':'+(status?1:0)]}, function (err,results) { 
          if (err) console.log(err);
        });
        this.power = status;
      },
    
      getPower: function() {  //get power of accessory
        PythonShell.run('../../home/pi/application/HAP-NodeJS/python/gpio.py', {args:[powergp+':g']}, function(err,results){ 
            console.log('results: %j', results);
            var resultMap=eval('('+results.pop()+')');
            this.power=(resultMap[powergp]==1)?true:false;
        });
        if(this.outputLogs) console.log("'%s' is %s.", this.name, this.power ? "on" : "off");
        return this.power;
      },
    
      setBrightness: function(brightness) {  //set brightness
        if(this.outputLogs) console.log("Setting '%s' brightness to %s", this.name, brightness);
        PythonShell.run('../../home/pi/application/HAP-NodeJS/python/gpio.py', {args:[brightnessgp+':'+((brightness <= 50)?1:0)]}, function (err,results) { 
          if (err) console.log(err);
        });
        this.brightness = brightness;
      },
    
      getBrightness: function() {  //get brightness
        PythonShell.run('../../home/pi/application/HAP-NodeJS/python/gpio.py', {args:[brightnessgp+':g']}, function(err,results){ 
            console.log('results: %j', results);
            var resultMap=eval('('+results.pop()+')');
            this.brightness=(resultMap[brightnessgp]==1)?50:100;
        });
        if(this.outputLogs) console.log("'%s' brightness is %s", this.name, this.brightness);
        return this.brightness;
      },
    
      setSaturation: function(saturation) {  //set brightness
        if(this.outputLogs) console.log("Setting '%s' saturation to %s", this.name, saturation);
        this.saturation = saturation;
      },
    
      getSaturation: function() {  //get brightness
        if(this.outputLogs) console.log("'%s' saturation is %s", this.name, this.saturation);
        return this.saturation;
      },
    
      setHue: function(hue) {  //set brightness
        if(this.outputLogs) console.log("Setting '%s' hue to %s", this.name, hue);
        this.hue = hue;
      },
    
      getHue: function() {  //get hue
        if(this.outputLogs) console.log("'%s' hue is %s", this.name, this.hue);
        return this.hue;
      },
    
      identify: function() {  //identify the accessory
        if(this.outputLogs) console.log("Identify the '%s'", this.name);
      }
    }
    
    // Generate a consistent UUID for our light Accessory that will remain the same even when
    // restarting our server. We use the `uuid.generate` helper function to create a deterministic
    // UUID based on an arbitrary "namespace" and the word "light".
    var lightUUID = uuid.generate('hap-nodejs:accessories:light' + LightController.name);
    
    // This is the Accessory that we'll return to HAP-NodeJS that represents our light.
    var lightAccessory = exports.accessory = new Accessory(LightController.name, lightUUID);
    
    // Add properties for publishing (in case we're using Core.js and not BridgedCore.js)
    lightAccessory.username = LightController.username;
    lightAccessory.pincode = LightController.pincode;
    
    // set some basic properties (these values are arbitrary and setting them is optional)
    lightAccessory
      .getService(Service.AccessoryInformation)
        .setCharacteristic(Characteristic.Manufacturer, LightController.manufacturer)
        .setCharacteristic(Characteristic.Model, LightController.model)
        .setCharacteristic(Characteristic.SerialNumber, LightController.serialNumber);
    
    // listen for the "identify" event for this Accessory
    lightAccessory.on('identify', function(paired, callback) { 
      LightController.identify();
      callback();
    });
    
    // Add the actual Lightbulb Service and listen for change events from iOS.
    // We can see the complete list of Services and Characteristics in `lib/gen/HomeKitTypes.js`
    lightAccessory
      .addService(Service.Lightbulb, LightController.name) // services exposed to the user should have "names" like "Light" for this case
      .getCharacteristic(Characteristic.On)
      .on('set', function(value, callback) { 
        LightController.setPower(value);
    
        // Our light is synchronous - this value has been successfully set
        // Invoke the callback when you finished processing the request
        // If it's going to take more than 1s to finish the request, try to invoke the callback
        // after getting the request instead of after finishing it. This avoids blocking other
        // requests from HomeKit.
        callback();
      })
      // We want to intercept requests for our current power state so we can query the hardware itself instead of
      // allowing HAP-NodeJS to return the cached Characteristic.value.
      .on('get', function(callback) { 
        callback(null, LightController.getPower());
      });
    
    // To inform HomeKit about changes occurred outside of HomeKit (like user physically turn on the light)
    // Please use Characteristic.updateValue
    // 
    // lightAccessory
    // .getService(Service.Lightbulb)
    // .getCharacteristic(Characteristic.On)
    // .updateValue(true);
    
    // also add an "optional" Characteristic for Brightness
    lightAccessory
      .getService(Service.Lightbulb)
      .addCharacteristic(Characteristic.Brightness)
      .on('set', function(value, callback) { 
        LightController.setBrightness(value);
        callback();
      })
      .on('get', function(callback) { 
        callback(null, LightController.getBrightness());
      });
    
    // also add an "optional" Characteristic for Saturation
    lightAccessory
      .getService(Service.Lightbulb)
      .addCharacteristic(Characteristic.Saturation)
      .on('set', function(value, callback) { 
        LightController.setSaturation(value);
        callback();
      })
      .on('get', function(callback) { 
        callback(null, LightController.getSaturation());
      });
    
    // also add an "optional" Characteristic for Hue
    lightAccessory
      .getService(Service.Lightbulb)
      .addCharacteristic(Characteristic.Hue)
      .on('set', function(value, callback) { 
        LightController.setHue(value);
        callback();
      })
      .on('get', function(callback) { 
        callback(null, LightController.getHue());
      });

#### 准备一个python脚本控制GPIO口： ####

sudo vim ~/application/HAP-NodeJS/python/gpio.py
    // -------------请完整复制粘贴如下内容！！------------------
    #!/usr/bin/env python
    import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
    import sys
    
    def init(gp):
        GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
        GPIO.setup(gp, GPIO.OUT)
    
    GPIO.setwarnings(False)
    # simple argument echo script
    ret={}
    for arg in sys.argv[1:]:
        #print arg
        args=arg.split(':')
        init(int(args[0]))
        if args[1]=='g':
            ret[args[0]]=GPIO.input(int(args[0]))
        elif args[1]=='0':
            GPIO.output(int(args[0]), GPIO.LOW)
        elif args[1]=='1':
            GPIO.output(int(args[0]), GPIO.HIGH)
        #setup(int(v))
    
    print ret
    sys.exit(0)

#### 4.2 模拟一个开关插座 ####

> 我这个插座是接的音响，所以叫“My sound”，不要见怪。  
> 这里使用的是 GPIO 11 口，默认是高电平是开启。  
> 代码如下：

// 创建MySound_accessory.js
    sudo vim ~/application/HAP-NodeJS/accessories/MySound_accessory.js
    // -------------请完整复制粘贴如下内容！！------------------
    var Accessory = require('../').Accessory;
    var Service = require('../').Service;
    var Characteristic = require('../').Characteristic;
    var uuid = require('../').uuid;
    var err = null; // in case there were any problems
    var PythonShell = require('python-shell');
    var soundgp='11';
    
    // here's a fake hardware device that we'll expose to HomeKit
    var FAKE_OUTLET = {
        setPowerOn: function(on) {
        console.log("Turning the MySound %s!...", on ? "on" : "off");
        PythonShell.run('../../home/pi/application/HAP-NodeJS/python/gpio.py', {
       args:[soundgp+':'+(on?1:0)]}, function (err,results) {
          if (err) console.log(err);
        });
        FAKE_OUTLET.powerOn=on;
      },
        identify: function() {
        console.log("Identify the MySound.");
        }
    }
    
    // Generate a consistent UUID for our MySound Accessory that will remain the same even when
    // restarting our server. We use the `uuid.generate` helper function to create a deterministic
    // UUID based on an arbitrary "namespace" and the accessory name.
    var outletUUID = uuid.generate('hap-nodejs:accessories:MySound');
    
    // This is the Accessory that we'll return to HAP-NodeJS that represents our fake light. var outlet = exports.accessory = new Accessory('MySound', outletUUID); // Add properties for publishing (in case we're using Core.js and not BridgedCore.js)
    outlet.username = "1A:2B:3C:4D:5D:FG";
    outlet.pincode = "031-45-154";
    
    // set some basic properties (these values are arbitrary and setting them is optional)
    outlet
      .getService(Service.AccessoryInformation)
      .setCharacteristic(Characteristic.Manufacturer, "Oltica")
      .setCharacteristic(Characteristic.Model, "Rev-1")
      .setCharacteristic(Characteristic.SerialNumber, "A1S2NASF88EW");
    
    // listen for the "identify" event for this Accessory
    outlet.on('identify', function(paired, callback) {
      FAKE_OUTLET.identify();
      callback(); // success
    });
    
    // Add the actual MySound Service and listen for change events from iOS.
    // We can see the complete list of Services and Characteristics in `lib/gen/HomeKitTypes.js`
    outlet
      .addService(Service.Outlet, "My Sound") // services exposed to the user should have "names" like "Fake Light" for us
      .getCharacteristic(Characteristic.On)
      .on('set', function(value, callback) {
        FAKE_OUTLET.setPowerOn(value);
        callback(); // Our fake Outlet is synchronous - this value has been successfully set
      });
    
    // We want to intercept requests for our current power state so we can query the hardware itself instead of
    // allowing HAP-NodeJS to return the cached Characteristic.value.
    outlet
      .getService(Service.Outlet)
      .getCharacteristic(Characteristic.On)
      .on('get', function(callback) {
    
        // this event is emitted when you ask Siri directly whether your light is on or not. you might query
        // the light hardware itself to find this out, then call the callback. But if you take longer than a
        // few seconds to respond, Siri will give up.
    
        var err = null; // in case there were any problems
    
        if (FAKE_OUTLET.powerOn) {
          console.log("Are we on? Yes.");
          callback(err, true);
        }
        else {
          console.log("Are we on? No.");
          callback(err, false);
        }
      });

> 控制也是通过调用 gpio.py 的 python 脚本，和 4.1 里面的 python 脚本一样的。
> 
> 好了，现在可以重启一下树莓派。

### 5.将HomeKit设备添加到家庭中 ###

![添加设备][SouthEast]

> 如图，选择将这些设备添加进去，输入认证代码 `03145154`（这个可以在accessary.js修改）。

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]

> 然后就可以愉快使用 Siri 进行语音控制了！

[http_download.csdn.net_download_kxwinxp_10124545]: http://download.csdn.net/download/kxwinxp/10124545
[https_github.com_KhaosT_HAP-NodeJS]: https://github.com/KhaosT/HAP-NodeJS
[GPIO]: /images/20220606/07f166d4bd7543f28b31fde7533ce974.png
[SouthEast]: /images/20220606/f0ef876d561049c2b28d3c74b95b8b15.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220606/298173867b804f75a1f9196f60301119.png