探究keepalived的安装

忘是亡心i 2022-05-31 02:37 174阅读 0赞

CentOS 6通过yum安装keepalived

/etc/keepalived
    /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
    /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    /usr/bin/genhash  --这个不知道是干嘛用的
    /usr/libexec/keepalived --这个文件夹里边啥也没有
    /usr/sbin/keepalived
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/AUTHOR
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/CONTRIBUTORS
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/COPYING
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/ChangeLog
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/NOTE_vrrp_vmac.txt
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/README
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/TODO
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/VERSION
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/keepalived.conf.SYNOPSIS
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.HTTP_GET.port
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.IPv6
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.SMTP_CHECK
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.SSL_GET
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.fwmark
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.inhibit
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.misc_check
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.misc_check_arg
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.quorum
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.sample
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.status_code
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.track_interface
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.virtual_server_group
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.virtualhost
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.localcheck
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.lvs_syncd
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.routes
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.scripts
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.static_ipaddress
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.sync
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/sample.misccheck.smbcheck.sh
    /usr/share/man/man1/genhash.1.gz
    /usr/share/man/man5/keepalived.conf.5.gz
    /usr/share/man/man8/keepalived.8.gz
    /usr/share/snmp/mibs/KEEPALIVED-MIB.txt

man目录下是一些参数的说明可以执行man keepalived看到。doc目录下的samples里边有一些配置文件的例子。

主要看这几个

*  /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
 *  /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
 *  /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
 *  /usr/sbin/keepalived

我把keepalived进行make install后，得到的文件为

*  /usr/local/keepalived/bin/genhash 不知道这个文件是干嘛用的
 *  /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
 *  /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/samples文件夹
 *  /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
 *  /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived
 *  /usr/local/keepalived/share/man文件夹
 *  /usr/local/keepalived/share/snamp文件夹

主要看这几个

*  /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
 *  /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
 *  /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived

发现和yum安装的比较少了一个/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived这个文件是用来加入系统服务用的。

我下载了keepalived之后解压，可以在此目录下找到这个文件

keepalived-1.3.4\keepalived\etc\init.d\keepalived

打开这个文件

#!/bin/sh
    #
    # Startup script for the Keepalived daemon
    #
    # processname: keepalived
    # pidfile: /var/run/keepalived.pid
    # config: /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    # chkconfig: - 21 79
    # description: Start and stop Keepalived
    
    # Source function library
    . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
    
    # Source configuration file (we set KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS there)
    . /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    
    RETVAL=0
    
    prog="keepalived"
    
    start() {
        echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
        daemon keepalived ${KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS}
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog
    }
    
    stop() {
        echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
        killproc keepalived
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog
    }
    
    reload() {
        echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
        killproc keepalived -1
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
    }
    
    # See how we were called.
    case "$1" in
        start)
            start
            ;;
        stop)
            stop
            ;;
        reload)
            reload
            ;;
        restart)
            stop
            start
            ;;
        condrestart)
            if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog ]; then
                stop
                start
            fi
            ;;
        status)
            status keepalived
            RETVAL=$?
            ;;
        *)
            echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|condrestart|status}"
            RETVAL=1
    esac
    
    exit $RETVAL

看注释

# config: /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

所以要把/usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf复制到/etc/keepalived/目录下。

可以看到他执行了. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions这个文件，在这个里边有这么句话

# Set up a default search path.
    PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin"
    export PATH

也就是说会从这几个目录下寻找。所以要把/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived复制到/usr/sbin/目录下

并且keepalived-1.3.4\\keepalived\\etc\\init.d\\keepalived文件里边用的daemon函数也是在functions文件中定义的。

再往下看可以看到执行了. /etc/sysconfig/keepalived这个文件，所以要把/usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived拷贝到/etc/sysconfig/目录下，并且注释说定义了一个变量在里边，

# Source configuration file (we set KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS there)
    . /etc/sysconfig/keepalived

再往下面看

start() {
        echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
        daemon keepalived ${KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS}
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog
    }

start方法里边用到了KEEPALIVED\_OPTIONS这个变量

打开/usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived

# Options for keepalived. See `keepalived --help' output and keepalived(8) and
    # keepalived.conf(5) man pages for a list of all options. Here are the most
    # common ones :
    #
    # --vrrp -P Only run with VRRP subsystem.
    # --check -C Only run with Health-checker subsystem.
    # --dont-release-vrrp -V Dont remove VRRP VIPs & VROUTEs on daemon stop.
    # --dont-release-ipvs -I Dont remove IPVS topology on daemon stop.
    # --dump-conf -d Dump the configuration data.
    # --log-detail -D Detailed log messages.
    # --log-facility -S 0-7 Set local syslog facility (default=LOG_DAEMON)
    #
    
    KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D"

发现默认情况下，这个变量存的就是-D，他的意思就是打印详细日志信息。注释中还提到了一些其他的选项可以根据自己的需求自定义设置。

## 总结源码安装 ##

之前先要准备安装环境

yum -y install kernel-devel*
    yum -y install openssl-*
    yum -y install popt-devel
    yum -y install lrzsz
    yum -y install openssh-clients
    yum -y install libnl libnl-devel popt

这些应该够，如果不够看执行./configure的时候缺啥再安装啥。

将keepalived-1.3.4.tar.gz上传到服务器/usr/local下

cd /usr/local
    tar -xvf keepalived-1.3.4.tar.gz
    cd keepalived-1.3.4

执行配置命令

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

编译make

安装make install

拷贝文件

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
    cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

创建keepalived文件夹

mkdir -p /etc/keepalived

将配置文件拷贝到此目录

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

然后在keepalived的解压目录中找到keepalived-1.3.4\\keepalived\\etc\\init.d\\keepalived将其拷贝到/etc/rc.d/init.d/目录下(拷贝到/etc/init.d/目下也是可以的，因为init.d会链接到rc.d/init.d)

添加执行权限

chmod +x keepalived

然后加入系统服务,加入了之后就可以使用service keepalived start这样的命令了

chkconfig --add keepalived #添加时必须保证/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived存在

之后查看是否加入了系统服务

chkconfig --list

加入开机启动

chkconfig keepalived on

## CentOS7 ##

在CentOS 7中通过yum安装，安装的东西有

/etc/keepalived
    /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    /usr/bin/genhash  --不知道是干嘛的
    /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service
    /usr/libexec/keepalived  --是个文件夹，里边什么都没有
    /usr/sbin/keepalived
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/AUTHOR
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/CONTRIBUTORS
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/COPYING
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/ChangeLog
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/NOTE_vrrp_vmac.txt
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/README
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/TODO
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/keepalived.conf.SYNOPSIS
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.HTTP_GET.port
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.IPv6
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.SMTP_CHECK
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.SSL_GET
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.fwmark
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.inhibit
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.misc_check
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.misc_check_arg
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.quorum
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.sample
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.status_code
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.track_interface
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.virtual_server_group
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.virtualhost
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.localcheck
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.lvs_syncd
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.routes
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.rules
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.scripts
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.static_ipaddress
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.sync
    /usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/sample.misccheck.smbcheck.sh
    /usr/share/man/man1/genhash.1.gz
    /usr/share/man/man5/keepalived.conf.5.gz
    /usr/share/man/man8/keepalived.8.gz
    /usr/share/snmp/mibs/KEEPALIVED-MIB.txt
    /usr/share/snmp/mibs/VRRP-MIB.txt
    /usr/share/snmp/mibs/VRRPv3-MIB.txt

主要看这几个

*  /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
 *  /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
 *  /usr/sbin/keepalived
 *  **/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service**

在回头看CentOS6的yum安装

*  /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
 *  /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
 *  /usr/sbin/keepalived
 *  **/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived**

会发现别的都一样就是设置系统服务的文件不一样了，keepalived.service可以在keepalived的解压包的keepalived-1.3.4\\keepalived\\keepalived.service目录下找到。

打开keepalived.service

[Unit]
    Description=LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
    After=syslog.target network-online.target
    
    [Service]
    Type=forking
    PIDFile=/var/run/keepalived.pid
    KillMode=process
    EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    ExecStart=/usr/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS
    ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target

先主要看

#在程序执行前先执行这个文件
    EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    ExecStart=/usr/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS

## 总结CentOS7中的源码安装 ##

和CentOS6中的源码安装基本一样，只是加入系统服务的时候有区别。

把keepalived-1.3.4\\keepalived\\keepalived.service复制到/usr/lib/systemd/system/目录下，这样就算加入系统服务了，就可使用systemctl status keepalived了。

设置开机自启，执行systemctl enable keepalived