搭建Spring+SpringMvc项目

小咪咪 2022-05-31 02:13 248阅读 0赞

本文介绍使用eclipse+maven搭建Spring+SpringMvc项目：  
1、创建maven项目  
2、把maven项目变为动态网站  
3、搭建spring+springmvc项目  
4、项目分析

--------------------

# 1 创建Maven项目 #

（1）file–>new–>project  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]  
（2）  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]  
（3）  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 2]  
（4）  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 3]  
（5）点击完成，如下  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 4]

# 2 把Maven变为动态网站项目 #

（1）在项目上单击右键  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 5]  
（2）  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 6]  
（3）  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 7]  
（4）勾选创建web.xml后，点击完成  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 8]  
（5）点击ok  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 9]  
（6）项目图如下  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 10]

# 3 开始搭建spring项目 #

## 3.1 配置maven依赖，在pom.xml写入如下： ##

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>com.welljoint</groupId>
      <artifactId>testSpringMvc2</artifactId>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
    
      <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <spring.version>4.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

## 3.2 请检查maven依赖是否导入到项目中了，本人被坑过 ##

（1）本人被坑过，请看：[http://blog.csdn.net/tiandixuanwuliang/article/details/79240419][http_blog.csdn.net_tiandixuanwuliang_article_details_79240419]  
（2）解决办法：项目右键—->properties—–>Deployment Assembly，点击“Add”  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 11]  
（3）选择java build path entries—>next  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 12]  
（4）  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 13]

## 3.3 在src/main/java上新建HelloController.java ##

package com.welljoint;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    
    /** * @version * @time 2018-2-3 下午10:42:40 * @describe: 控制器 */
    @Controller  //注解为控制器
    @RequestMapping(value="/")    //截获所有路径的请求
    public class HelloController { 
        @RequestMapping(value="/hello")   //把请求路由到对应的方法上
        public String Hello(Model model){
       //model用来发生数据
            model.addAttribute("messa", "Hello Liang");
            return "hello";//路由到一个页面，这里是hello.jsp
        }
    }

## 3.4 在WIB-INF目录下，创建一个spring-mvc-servlet.xml文件，用来配置springmvc ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.2.xsd">  
    
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.welljoint" />
    
          
        <mvc:annotation-driven />  
    
          
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>  
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>  
        </bean>  
    </beans>

## 3.5 配置web.xml文件 ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
      <display-name>testSpringMvc2</display-name>
    
         
      <servlet>
            <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
       </servlet>
    
            
        <servlet-mapping>    
            <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>    
        </servlet-mapping>
    
    </web-app>

## 3.6 在WEB-INF下创建一个view文件夹 ##

## 3.7 在view文件夹下，创建一个hello.jsp,代码如下： ##

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        ${messa}
    </body>
    </html>

# 4 项目运行 #

（1）项目单击右键–>run as–>run on service–>finish  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 14]

（2）项目运行结果如图：  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 15]

--------------------

# 5 项目分析 #

（1）项目搭建的流程  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 16]  
（2）项目运行流程分析

*  步骤一：浏览器输入：[http://127.0.0.1:8080/testSpringMvc2/hello][http_127.0.0.1_8080_testSpringMvc2_hello]  
    ![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 17]
 *  步骤二：web.xml对所有请求进行拦截，都交给DispatcherServlet处理。即处理的请求相当于：[http://127.0.0.1:8080/testSpringMvc2/][http_127.0.0.1_8080_testSpringMvc2]  
    ![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 18]
 *  步骤三：由于HelloController配置的是“/”，意思是处理所有请求。所以Spring容器会把刚刚的请求交给HelloController处理。即处理的请求相当于：[http://127.0.0.1:8080/testSpringMvc2//][http_127.0.0.1_8080_testSpringMvc2 1]。它和一个“/”效果一样。如下图：  
    ![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 19]
    
     *  helloController代码如下：  
        ![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 20]
     *  如果此时，我们把代码中HelloController配置的路径改为”/hehe”,那么此时的路径就为[http://127.0.0.1:8080/testSpringMvc2/hehe/][http_127.0.0.1_8080_testSpringMvc2_hehe]。如下图：  
        ![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 21]
 *  步骤四：在HelloController中，RequestMapping把请求交给对应的方法进行处理：  
    ![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 22]
 *  步骤五：Hello()方法在处理完数据后，返回一个字符串“hello”,由于我们在spring-mvc-servlet.xml文件中，配置了页面前缀与后缀，如下图：相当于访问 /WEB-INF/view/hello.jsp页面。  
    ![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 23]

（3）原文地址：[http://blog.csdn.net/tiandixuanwuliang/article/details/79250504][http_blog.csdn.net_tiandixuanwuliang_article_details_79250504]

（4）项目代码下载地址：  
[http://download.csdn.net/download/tiandixuanwuliang/10238941][http_download.csdn.net_download_tiandixuanwuliang_10238941]

[SouthEast]: /images/20220531/c1725c8183894e40946e7e77d49e6711.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220531/955b7bf8103e49eebe78b1be5ca43c41.png
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[SouthEast 10]: /images/20220531/6c2cc3027aa9440c9217bdae402abf28.png
[http_blog.csdn.net_tiandixuanwuliang_article_details_79240419]: http://blog.csdn.net/tiandixuanwuliang/article/details/79240419
[SouthEast 11]: /images/20220531/4ea4ea8bdb7e4c85b16b9b8d64674b74.png
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[SouthEast 16]: /images/20220531/7a5e0c930bad4580bae5b0bf325f4177.png
[http_127.0.0.1_8080_testSpringMvc2_hello]: http://127.0.0.1:8080/testSpringMvc2/hello
[SouthEast 17]: /images/20220531/e1ceba918cf34a5b81d71d8ed489798e.png
[http_127.0.0.1_8080_testSpringMvc2]: http://127.0.0.1:8080/testSpringMvc2/
[SouthEast 18]: /images/20220531/ddc4066709334939b2782626642a8d92.png
[http_127.0.0.1_8080_testSpringMvc2 1]: http://127.0.0.1:8080/testSpringMvc2//
[SouthEast 19]: /images/20220531/62ea698a5d8d4735931c88f808f11348.png
[SouthEast 20]: /images/20220531/4f03b5d6d4b54a9588ead22ea8c4d2e6.png
[http_127.0.0.1_8080_testSpringMvc2_hehe]: http://127.0.0.1:8080/testSpringMvc2/hehe/
[SouthEast 21]: /images/20220531/a67cefdcdde14a248ff23258ed7251d5.png
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[http_blog.csdn.net_tiandixuanwuliang_article_details_79250504]: http://blog.csdn.net/tiandixuanwuliang/article/details/79250504
[http_download.csdn.net_download_tiandixuanwuliang_10238941]: http://download.csdn.net/download/tiandixuanwuliang/10238941