SpringSpringMVC Myth丶恋晨 2022-08-05 15:04 194阅读 0赞 -------------------- ### SPRING ### Spring是一个开源的轻量级Java SE(Java 标准版本)/Java EE(Java 企业版本)开发应用框架,其目的是用于简化企业级应用程序开发。 ##### IOC 反转控制 ##### 谁控制谁,控制什么,为何是反转? IoC 容器控制了对象,消费者直接通过IOC容器获得对象,不需要new; 因为由容器帮我们查找及注入依赖对象,对象只是被动的接受依赖对象,所以是反转。 IOC容器的工作内容:【创建和查找依赖对象】初始化类A-->检查A是否有依赖的对象,如果有将依赖的对象B注入到A...,IOC容器管理这些对象的生命周期 #### Spring容器初始化、装配及管理的对象我们通常叫它Bean,常用容器如下: #### * ClassPathXmlApplicationContext * ApplicationContext #### Spring项目获得bean对象方式 #### String configLocation = "classpath:spring-bean.xml"; ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(configLocation); XxxBean xxxBean= ctx.getBean(beanName,XxxBean.class); #### Spring Web 项目手动获得bean对象方法 #### import org.springframework.beans.BeansException; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware; public class SpringContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware { private static ApplicationContext applicationContext; @Override public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { SpringContextUtil.applicationContext = applicationContext; } /** * @return applicationContext */ public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext(){ return applicationContext; } /** * @param name * @return bean */ public static Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException{ return applicationContext.getBean(name); } } ##### DI 依赖注入 ##### DI 和 IOC 是同一个概念的不同角度的描述 IOC描述的是设计思想。 DI主要描述是对象间的关系。 被注入的对象依赖于依赖对象。DI依赖IOC ##### AOP ##### * 切入点(Pointcut) * 通知(Advice) * 方面/切面(Aspect) <bean id="hello" class="com.mguas.aop.HelloAOP"/> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.mguas..*.*(..))"/> <aop:aspect ref="hello"> <aop:before pointcut-ref="pointcut" method="beforeAdvice"/> <aop:after pointcut-ref="pointcut" method="afterFinallyAdvice"/> </aop:aspect> </aop:config> 动态代理 ### SPRING MVC ### ##### 基本原理 ##### 前端控制器(DispatcherServlet) 请求到处理器映射(HandlerMapping) 处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter) 视图解析器(ViewResolver) 处理器或页面控制器(Controller) SPRING MVC 实现原理:http请求-->DispatcherServlet 拦截并将请求转向spring mvc -->HandlerMapping 找到并保存请求和处理函数之间的关系-->DispatcherServlet-->HandlerAdapter调用处理函数-->Controller处理处理-->DispatcherServlet-->ViewResolver视图解析 ##### web.xml ##### <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <filter> <filter-name>springEncoding</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>springEncoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> load-on-startup:表示启动容器时初始化该Servlet url-pattern:表示哪些请求交给Spring Web MVC处理 常见拦截方式: *.do、 *.htm、 *.json /(会导致静态文件无法访问,可以解决) /*(会导致访问jsp时再次拦截,导致无法正常访问jsp,纯纯的数据库接口可以这么写。不建议) init-param param-value:指定SPRING MVC 配置文件位置,多个逗号隔开 context-param param-value:上下文配置文件 listener:上下文监听 ##### servlet-context.xml ##### <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure --> <!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model --> <annotation-driven /> <!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory --> <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" /> <!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory --> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/" /> <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </beans:bean> <context:component-scan base-package="com.magus.lottery.controller"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> </beans:beans> <annotation-driven /> 支持注解 <resources .../> 静态文件,不被前置拦截器拦截 InternalResourceViewResolver 视图实现 prefix 前缀 suffix 后缀 context:component-scan 自动扫描包 ##### spring-bean.xml ##### <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" default-autowire="byName"> <context:component-scan base-package="com"></context:component-scan> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClass" value="${driverClass}" /> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbcUrl}" /> <property name="user" value="${user}" /> <property name="password" value="${password}" /> <property name="acquireIncrement" value="10" /> <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="5" /> <property name="acquireRetryDelay" value="50" /> <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="60000" /> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="5" /> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="15" /> <property name="maxStatementsPerConnection" value="1000"/> </bean> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.SpringSessionContext</prop> <!-- <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> --> </props> </property> <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.magus.lottery.entity"/> </bean> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> <aop:aspectj-autoproxy expose-proxy="true"/> </beans> ##### spring mvc 常见注解 ##### @Controller 声明控制器 处理器 @Service 声明Service组件 @Repository 声明Dao组件 @Component 声明组件 @RequestMapping("/menu") 请求映射 @Resource(name="beanName") 注入对象 @Autowired 注入对象 @Transactional 声明事务,用于service层 @ResponseBody 声明响应结果为数据,不进行view渲染 @Scope("prototype") 设定bean的作用域,prototype、singleton、request、session
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