股票数据Scrapy爬虫（北理-嵩天）

迈不过友情╰ 2022-05-17 09:52 167阅读 0赞

视频和讲解，附链接

[https://www.jianshu.com/p/be3024c86c4c][https_www.jianshu.com_p_be3024c86c4c]

会出现403，触发反爬机制

解决方式：检测User-Agent，因此这里可以通过使用随机User-Agent来进行爬取。

参考：[https://blog.csdn.net/sinat\_34073684/article/details/71433629][https_blog.csdn.net_sinat_34073684_article_details_71433629]

下面附上我的代码，以及运行结果

stocks.py

import scrapy
    import re
    import random
    
    class StocksSpider(scrapy.Spider):
        user_agent_list = [ \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1" \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24", \
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24"
        ]
        name = 'stocks'
        start_urls = ['http://quote.eastmoney.com/stocklist.html']
    
        def parse(self, response):
            ua = random.choice(self.user_agent_list)  # 随机抽取User-Agent
            headers = {
                'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, sdch, br',
                'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8',
                'Connection': 'keep-alive',
                'Referer': 'https://gupiao.baidu.com/',
                'User-Agent': ua
            }  # 构造请求头
            for href in response.css("a::attr(href)").extract():
                try:
                    stock = re.findall(r"[s][hz]\d{6}", href)[0]
                    url = "http://gupiao.baidu.com/stock/" + stock + ".html"
                    yield scrapy.Request(url, callback=self.parse_stock,headers = headers)
                except:
                    continue
    
        def parse_stock(self, response):
            infoDict = {}
            stockInfo = response.css(".stock-bets")
            name = stockInfo.css(".bets-name").extract()[0]
            keyList = stockInfo.css("dt").extract()
            valueList = stockInfo.css("dd").extract()
            for i in range(len(keyList)):
                key = re.findall(r'>.*</dt>', keyList[i])[0][1:-5]
                try:
                    val = re.findall(r'\d+\.?.*</dd>', valueList[i])[0][1:-5]
                except:
                    val = '--'
                infoDict[key] = val
    
            infoDict.update(
                {"股票名称": re.findall('\s.*\(', name)[0].split()[0] + \
                         re.findall("\>.*\<", name)[0][1:-1]})
    
            yield infoDict

pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    # Define your item pipelines here
    #
    # Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
    # See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
    
    
    class BaidustocksPipeline(object):
        def process_item(self, item, spider):
            return item
    class BaidustocksInfoPipeline(object):
        def open_spider(self,spider):
            self.f = open("BaiduStockInfo.txt","a")
    
        def close_spider(self,spider):
            self.f.close
    
        def process_item(self,item,spider):
            try:
                line=str(dict(item))+'\n'
                self.f.write(line)
            except:
                pass
    
            return item

setting.py

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
       'BaiduStocks.pipelines.BaidustocksInfoPipeline': 300,
    }

下面应该会多看参考手册，试着自己写写爬虫了，希望暑假剩下的一个月能更充实

[https_www.jianshu.com_p_be3024c86c4c]: https://www.jianshu.com/p/be3024c86c4c
[https_blog.csdn.net_sinat_34073684_article_details_71433629]: https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_34073684/article/details/71433629