IDEA使用maven搭建Spring + SpringMVC环境

旧城等待， 2022-05-14 12:43 250阅读 0赞

1.新建项目

2.选择如下选项，然后点击next，进入下一步

![70][]

3.输入相应的信息，点next，进入下一步

![70 1][]

4.配置maven环境，设置好了的话，就不用修改

![70 2][]

5.点击finish，等待maven下载相应的jar包（第一次需要），之后一个基本的maven web项目就搭建起来了，项目结构如下：

![70 3][]

6.搭建一个服务器，运行项目，若运行成功，则项目初步搭建成功；

![70 4][]

7.引入spring和springmvc的jar依赖，pom文件中添加如下：

<dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
              <version>${springVersion}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
              <version>${springVersion}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
              <version>${springVersion}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
              <version>${springVersion}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
              <version>${springVersion}</version>
          </dependency>

8.创建java文件和resource文件夹并设置文件夹属性

![70 5][]

9.配置web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
     "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
     "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
    
    <web-app>
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
      
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContex.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
    
        
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:spring/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
    
    </web-app>

10.新建spring框架的配置文件如下，其中applicationContext.xml是spring上下文的配置文件，Dispatcher-Servlet.xml是springMVC的配置文件

![70 6][]

11.配置springmvc.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>
    
        
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
        
        <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    
        
        <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>
    
    </beans>

12.编写IndexController，其中两个路由，一个返回json字符串，一个返回jsp页面

package controller;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    
    /**
     * Created By Seven.wk
     * Description: 前端控制器
     * Created At 2018/09/08
     */
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/", produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")
    public class IndexController {
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "/a")
        @ResponseBody
        public String a() {
            return "中文";
        }
    
        @RequestMapping("/b")
        public String b() {
            return "a";
        }
    
    }

访问[http://localhost:8080/a][http_localhost_8080_a]，正常返回字符串；

访问[http://localhost:8080/][http_localhost_8080_a]b，出现500错误：

![70 7][]

解决方法：

在项目的依赖中，加入jstl.jar 和 standard.jar这两个依赖包，之后就可以成功运行了；

a.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>我是测试</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        I am test<br/>
        我是中文<br/>
        <img src="/images/test.png" alt="测试"/>
    </body>
    </html>

运行效果：

![70 8][]

项目整体目录如下：

![70 9][]

至此，spring + SpringMVC环境搭建完毕！

[70]: /images/20220514/fe1d0c622e5a4aaa84c8def5ed4319c1.png
[70 1]: /images/20220514/a76bac81b30a491283959a620d15260f.png
[70 2]: /images/20220514/20ec6fd62d6f467e924f96c05349bca0.png
[70 3]: /images/20220514/fe99fcde769c4898a4efd3cbbc4c11c8.png
[70 4]: /images/20220514/b00684ec075b4776b70906044b09f347.png
[70 5]: /images/20220514/4f8709cfce4e45f69bc664509d733056.png
[70 6]: /images/20220514/a59c1598d76f49f89882b84e80a4eb70.png
[http_localhost_8080_a]: http://localhost:8080/a
[70 7]: /images/20220514/4676afa6cfd14981b9992d5431f43c3b.png
[70 8]: /images/20220514/3b99407cf41646da8223185f64dfeb42.png
[70 9]: /images/20220514/450f0bc8e90949359e68eeec961cf1b9.png