CentOS7挂载硬盘

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2022-04-25 01:30 318阅读 0赞

### 挂载硬盘 ###

> 本文仅适用于使用 `fdisk` 命令对一个不大于 `2 TB` 的数据盘执行分区操作。如果需要分区的数据盘大于 `2 TB`，请参考 [阿里云-32TB 块存储分区][-32TB]。

查看新磁盘

查看硬盘

> df -h

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   <td> <pre>[root@sfdsfsdf ]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        99G   18G   77G  19% /
devtmpfs        3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs           3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           3.9G  644K  3.9G   1% /run
tmpfs           3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           783M     0  783M   0% /run/user/0
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1. 查找未挂载的硬盘

> \[root@cgsl \]\# fdisk –l

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   <td> <pre>Disk /dev/vda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0008d73a

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048    83884031    41940992   83  Linux

Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

# 注意看这里：这个就是新的硬盘
# 记下/dev/vdb 这个名称
# 注意阿里云不同的硬盘可能名称不同，如,高效盘:vdb开头 SSD:xvdb
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找到新添加的磁盘的编号为/dev/vdb

> 注：
> 
>  *  如果您的数据盘显示的是 dev/xvd?，表示您使用的是非 I/O 优化实例。
>  *  其中 ? 是 a−z 的任一个字母。

2. 创建硬盘分区

> 使用 fdisk /dev/vdb

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   <td> <pre>$ fdisk /dev/vdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x774b38c4.
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> 输入n  
> Command (m for help):n

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   <td> <pre>Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p):
</pre> </td> 
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> 输入p

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   <td> <pre>1
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   <td> <pre>Partition number (1-4): 1
</pre> </td> 
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> 回车

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   <td> <pre>First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048):
</pre> </td> 
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> 回车

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   <td> <pre>Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199):
</pre> </td> 
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> 回车

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   <td> <pre>1
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   <td> <pre>Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set
</pre> </td> 
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> 输入w  
> Command (m for help): w

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   <td> <pre>The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
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3. 格式化分区

> `# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb`

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</pre> </td> 
   <td> <pre>mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
6553600 inodes, 26214400 blocks
1310720 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2174746624
800 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
	4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
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4. 建立挂载目录

> `# mkdir /data`

5. 挂载分区

> `# mount /dev/vdb /data`

6. 设置开机自动挂载

运行命令

> echo /dev/vdb1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab

或手动编辑 `fstab`:

> `vi /etc/fstab`

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   <td> <pre># 
# /etc/fstab 
# Created by anaconda on Tue May  3 13:48:10 2016 
# 
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' 
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info 
# 
UUID=80b9b662-0a1d-4e84-b07b-c1bf19e72d97 /                       ext4    defaults        1 1 
/dev/vdb1  /data        ext4    defaults        0 0
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> `/dev/vdb /data ext4 defaults 0 0`

7. 确认是否挂载成功

重启服务器

> `# reboot`

查看硬盘分区

### 参考 ###

*  [阿里云-Linux 格式化和挂载数据盘][-Linux]

> 最后更新时间：2018-01-02 12:10:47   
> 原创文章, 转载请注明出处：[http://www.yaosansi.com/post/mount-disk-on-centos/][http_www.yaosansi.com_post_mount-disk-on-centos]

[-32TB]: https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/34377.html?spm=5176.doc25426.2.4.yV1HGb
[-Linux]: https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/25426.html?spm=5176.7738005.2.3.pMMKgY
[http_www.yaosansi.com_post_mount-disk-on-centos]: http://www.yaosansi.com/post/mount-disk-on-centos/