Vue + Django API 前后端分离学习笔记 5.3-5.4 djangoseriallizer序列化model

Dear 丶 2022-01-30 00:53 178阅读 0赞

5.1 5.2视频中的新内容大概说下

goods = Goods.objects.all()[:10]
            json_list = []
            from django.forms.models import model_to_dict
            for good in goods:
                json_dict = model_to_dict(good)
                json_list.append(json_dict)

这个模块可以将model类转换成dict对象然后加到json中

但是很多类型的字段没办法序列化

from django.core import serializers
            json_data = serializers.serialize('json', goods)
            json_data = json.loads(json_data)

真正开始rest

安装django-guardian。

安装coreapi的过程中如果出现提示utf-8的问题就去这里改下

VueShop（虚拟环境的python目录）\\lib\\site-packages\\pip\\compat\\\_\_init\_\_.py

在大概75行左右：

if sys.version_info >= (3, ):
        def console_to_str(s):
            try:
                return s.decode(sys.__stdout__.encoding)
            except UnicodeDecodeError:
                return s.decode('utf_8')
    # 这里改成gbk

然后卸载coreapi 再重新装

其他要装的模块

Markdown, django-filter, django-crispy-forms, django-guardian, pygments

然后根据官方文档来操作

[https://www.django-rest-framework.org/][https_www.django-rest-framework.org]

INSTALLED_APPS = (
        ...
        'rest_framework',
    )
    
    
    # urls.py
    urlpatterns = [
        ...
        url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls'))
    ]

然后去这个网站，有基本的Views的例子

[https://www.django-rest-framework.org/tutorial/1-serialization/][https_www.django-rest-framework.org_tutorial_1-serialization]

# 这行不要
    from snippets.models import Snippet
    from snippets.serializers import SnippetSerializer
    # 这行不要
    from django.http import Http404
    from rest_framework.views import APIView
    from rest_framework.response import Response
    # 这行不要
    from rest_framework import status
    
    from  .models import Goods
    
    
    class SnippetList(APIView):
        """
        List all snippets, or create a new snippet.
        """
        def get(self, request, format=None):
            goods = Goods.objects.all()[:10]
            serializer = SnippetSerializer(goods, many=True)
            return Response(serializer.data)

然后在goodsapp下新建serializers.py

from rest_framework import serializers
    
    class GoodSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
        name = serializers.CharField(required=True, max_length=300)
        click_num = serializers.IntegerField(default=0)

然后将views改成：

from .serializers import GoodSerializer
    from rest_framework.views import APIView
    from rest_framework.response import Response
    
    from  .models import Goods
    
    # Create your views here.
    
    class GoodsListView(APIView):
        """
        List all goods.
        """
        def get(self, request, format=None):
            goods = Goods.objects.all()[:10]
            # 因为goods是一个queryset列表对象 所以需要Many=True
            goods_serializer = GoodSerializer(goods, many=True)
            return Response(goods_serializer.data)

最后在urls.py中添加该类

from django.urls import path, re_path, include
    import xadmin
    from django.views.static import serve
    from MxShop.settings import MEDIA_ROOT
    from rest_framework.documentation import include_docs_urls
    
    from goods.views import GoodsListView
    
    urlpatterns = [
        path('xadmin/', xadmin.site.urls),
        re_path('media/(?P<path>.*)$', serve, {"document_root": MEDIA_ROOT}),
        path('goods/', GoodsListView.as_view(), name='goods-list'),
        path('docs/', include_docs_urls(title='慕学生鲜')),
        path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls'))
    ]

然后去页面检查 有惊喜

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NvdWx3eWI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

右上角的两个按钮可以分别选择看不同的东西

可以自己去试下

然后做个测试

在GoodSerializer中加入goods\_front\_image字段看会显示啥

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NvdWx3eWI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

在图片路径的前面自动添加了/media/ 可以 这可以有

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NvdWx3eWI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

5.4视频完结 明天。。。明天带儿子 星期一继续 撒花

[https_www.django-rest-framework.org]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/
[https_www.django-rest-framework.org_tutorial_1-serialization]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/tutorial/1-serialization/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NvdWx3eWI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220130/d1bf51f6498c48808bf1780a5344393d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NvdWx3eWI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220130/9c321be1626b40119b0773ebfc28833b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NvdWx3eWI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220130/66f65c714ca64c60af3e7bfd4b29c186.png