[Docker学习笔记] 容器管理常用命令

心已赠人 2021-11-02 07:06 352阅读 0赞

1）docker container ls 查看运行的容器，效果同 docker ps；如果要查看全部容器，可以带上 -a

[root@localhost ~]# docker container ls
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
    a120b86d3161        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   3 hours ago         Up About a minute   80/tcp                 nginx03
    43a787cb24ff        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   3 hours ago         Up 3 hours          0.0.0.0:8081->80/tcp   nginx02
    b83f2dc64a57        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   4 hours ago         Up 3 hours          0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp   nginx01

2）docker container attach 也可以进入容器，不过如果容器中运行了进程会阻塞。例如 容器nginx03 中运行了一个前台进程，可以使用 docker (container) top 查看到 CMD “nginx -g”。

进入容器推荐使用 docker  (container) exec -it <container ID | container name> <sh | bash...>

注：用attach进入容器，退出或者Ctrl+C后容器会停止；不想让容器停止可以使用Ctrl+p+q退出。

[root@localhost ~]# docker container attach nginx03
    
    ^C[root@localhost ~]# docker top nginx03
    Error response from daemon: Container a120b86d31618502a889532e46edf0515c00b6ca7873b9982515af5d91947620 is not running
    [root@localhost ~]#
    [root@localhost ~]# docker start nginx03
    nginx03
    [root@localhost ~]# docker top nginx03
    UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
    root                4280                4264                1                   15:13               pts/0               00:00:00            nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
    101                 4309                4280                0                   15:13               pts/0               00:00:00            nginx: worker process
    [root@localhost ~]#
    [root@localhost ~]# docker container attach nginx03
    read escape sequence
    [root@localhost ~]#
    [root@localhost ~]# docker container exec -it nginx03 bash
    root@a120b86d3161:/#

再试busybox的容器，因为里面没有运行的进程，所以可以用attach进入。

[root@localhost ~]# docker container run -itd --name bs3 busybox
    b94f60530a2a0b76004ef86932e55769f22fe0af0f96cd37afdbc79d4fb1886e
    [root@localhost ~]# docker top bs3
    UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
    root                3965                3949                1                   15:01               pts/0               00:00:00            sh
    [root@localhost ~]# docker container attach bs3
    / #

3）docker commit 将容器的改动持久化到镜像，不推荐使用这种方法。推荐使用dockerfile

[root@localhost ~]# docker commit nginx03 nginx:test
    sha256:ec4e036b5d21c89b0633990b5236759db139a86ec98a648c18480702b2a9f180
    [root@localhost ~]# 
    [root@localhost ~]# docker images | egrep 'IMAGE|nginx'
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    nginx               test                ec4e036b5d21        2 minutes ago       126MB
    nginx               latest              e445ab08b2be        2 weeks ago         126MB
    [root@localhost ~]#

4）docker cp 可以在容器和宿主机之间拷贝文件

[root@localhost ~]# touch localtest.txt
    [root@localhost ~]#
    [root@localhost ~]# docker container exec bs3 ls /root
    [root@localhost ~]#
    [root@localhost ~]# docker container cp localtest.txt bs3:/root
    [root@localhost ~]# docker container exec bs3 ls /root
    localtest.txt
    [root@localhost ~]# docker container cp bs3:/etc/hosts ./host_bs3
    [root@localhost ~]# ls host_bs3
    host_bs3
    [root@localhost ~]#

5）docker container logs <container ID | container name> 可看容器控制台输出 ，docker port可以看容器端口映射，docker stats可以看容器实时资源，docker update可以更新对容器资源的限制。

注：命令中可以带 "container" 或者不带，建议带着

[root@localhost ~]# docker stats nginx04
    CONTAINER ID        NAME                CPU %               MEM USAGE / LIMIT   MEM %               NET I/O             BLOCK I/O           PIDS
    cc74fb080972        nginx04             0.00%               1.383MiB / 512MiB   0.27%               656B / 0B           975kB / 0B          2
    CONTAINER ID        NAME                CPU %               MEM USAGE / LIMIT   MEM %               NET I/O             BLOCK I/O           PIDS
    cc74fb080972        nginx04             0.00%               1.383MiB / 512MiB   0.27%               656B / 0B           975kB / 0B          2
    
    [root@localhost ~]# docker container update --memory 256m nginx04
    nginx04
    [root@localhost ~]# docker stats nginx04
    CONTAINER ID        NAME                CPU %               MEM USAGE / LIMIT   MEM %               NET I/O             BLOCK I/O           PIDS
    cc74fb080972        nginx04             0.00%               1.383MiB / 256MiB   0.54%               656B / 0B           975kB / 0B          2
    CONTAINER ID        NAME                CPU %               MEM USAGE / LIMIT   MEM %               NET I/O             BLOCK I/O           PIDS
    cc74fb080972        nginx04             0.00%               1.383MiB / 256MiB   0.54%               656B / 0B           975kB / 0B          2
    
    [root@localhost ~]#
    [root@localhost ~]# docker container port nginx02
    80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:8081
    [root@localhost ~]#

(End)

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