代码实例：Java异常链的使用场景

原创迷南。 2024-12-13 02:09 5阅读 0赞

在Java编程中，异常链是一种处理多级错误的有效方式。以下是一个使用Java异常链的简单场景：

假设我们有一个银行账户系统，其中包含存款、取款和转账等功能。

1. **存款**：
```java
public void deposit(double amount) {
    try {
        if (amount < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Deposit amount must be non-negative.");
        }
        
        // 假设银行账户有余额限制
        if (accountBalance + amount > accountLimit) {
            throw new AccountOverlimitException(
                    "Account over limit. Current balance: " + accountBalance,
                    "Unable to deposit. Please check your account limit."
            );
        }

accountBalance += amount;
        System.out.println("Deposit successful. New balance: " + accountBalance);

} catch (IllegalArgumentException | AccountOverlimitException e) {
        // 处理异常信息
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
```
2. **取款**：
```java
public void withdraw(double amount) {
    try {
        if (amount < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Withdrawal amount must be non-negative.");
        }

// 假设账户余额不能为负
        if (accountBalance - amount < 0) {
            throw new AccountUnderlimitException(
                    "Account under limit. Current balance: " + accountBalance,
                    "Unable to withdraw. Please check your account balance."
            );
        }

accountBalance -= amount;
        System.out.println("Withdrawal successful. New balance: " + accountBalance);

} catch (IllegalArgumentException | AccountUnderlimitException e) {
        // 处理异常信息
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
```
3. **转账**（同名账户）：
```java
public void transferToAccount(String targetAccount, double amount) {
    try {
        if (!accountExists(targetAccount)) {
            throw new AccountNotFoundException(
                    "Target account not found: " + targetAccount,
                    "Unable to transfer. Please check the target account."
            );
        }

// 转账必须确保金额充足
        if (amount > accountBalance) {
            throw new InsufficientFundsException(
                    "Insufficient funds for transfer. Current balance: " + accountBalance,
                    "Unable to transfer. Please check your available balance."
            );
        }

accountBalance -= amount;
        System.out.println("Transfer successful. New balance: " + accountBalance);

} catch (AccountNotFoundException | InsufficientFundsException e) {
        // 处理异常信息
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
```
以上代码中，`IllegalArgumentException`, `AccountOverlimitException`, `AccountUnderlimitException`, 和 `InsufficientFundsException` 是Java异常链中的实例。当异常发生时，会沿着链从上到下逐级抛出，提供更详细的错误信息。