文件系统操作：Java读写文件和目录的基本操作示例

原创 ╰半夏微凉° 2024-11-01 03:36 23阅读 0赞

在Java中，文件和目录的操作可以通过`java.io`和`java.nio`包中的类来实现。以下是一些基本的文件和目录操作示例：

###1. 创建文件```javaimport java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class FileExample {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
File file = new File("example.txt");
 try {
if (!file.exists()) {
 boolean isCreated = file.createNewFile();
if (isCreated) {
 System.out.println("文件创建成功！");
} else {
 System.out.println("文件创建失败！");
 }
 }
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
}
```###2.读取文件```javaimport java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ReadFileExample {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
String path = "example.txt";
 try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(path))) {
String line;
 while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
 System.out.println(line);
 }
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
}
```###3.写入文件```javaimport java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class WriteFileExample {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
String path = "example.txt";
String content = "Hello, World!";
 try (BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(path))) {
 writer.write(content);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
}
```###4. 创建目录```javaimport java.io.File;

public class DirectoryExample {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
File directory = new File("exampleDir");
if (!directory.exists()) {
 boolean isCreated = directory.mkdir();
if (isCreated) {
 System.out.println("目录创建成功！");
} else {
 System.out.println("目录创建失败！");
 }
 }
 }
}
```###5.列出目录内容```javaimport java.io.File;

public class ListDirectoryExample {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
File directory = new File("exampleDir");
if (directory.exists() && directory.isDirectory()) {
File[] files = directory.listFiles();
if (files != null) {
 for (File file : files) {
 System.out.println(file.getName());
 }
 }
 }
 }
}
```###6. 删除文件和目录```javaimport java.io.File;

public class DeleteExample {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
File file = new File("example.txt");
File directory = new File("exampleDir");

// 删除文件if (file.exists()) {
 boolean isDeleted = file.delete();
if (isDeleted) {
 System.out.println("文件删除成功！");
} else {
 System.out.println("文件删除失败！");
 }
 }

// 删除目录if (directory.exists() && directory.isDirectory()) {
 boolean isDeleted = directory.delete();
if (isDeleted) {
 System.out.println("目录删除成功！");
} else {
 System.out.println("目录删除失败！");
 }
 }
 }
}
```这些示例展示了如何在Java中进行基本的文件和目录操作。请根据你的具体需求调整路径和文件名。