实战操作：使用Java编写简单的HTTP服务器案例

原创雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2024-10-15 17:36 52阅读 0赞

在Java中，我们可以使用内置的`ServerSocket`和`Socket`类来创建一个简单的HTTP服务器。下面是一个基本的例子：

```java
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class SimpleHTTPServer {
    private static final int PORT = 8000; // Change this to the port you want

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(PORT);
        System.out.println("HTTP Server is running on port " + PORT);

while (true) {
            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
            System.out.println("Client connected: " + clientSocket);

String requestLine;
            BufferedReader inFromClientSocket = 
                    new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream())));

try {
                requestLine = inFromClientSocket.readLine(); // Read first line of request
                if (requestLine.startsWith("GET")) { // Process GET requests
                    handleGetRequest(requestLine, clientSocket);
                } else { // Handle other types of requests (not implemented in this simple example)
                    System.out.println("Unsupported request type: " + requestLine);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.out.println("Error occurred while processing request: " + e.getMessage());
                try {
                    clientSocket.close(); // Close the socket if an error occurs
                } catch (IOException ex) {
                    System.out.println("Failed to close socket connection: " + ex.getMessage());
                }
            }

inFromClientSocket.close(); // Closing reader to avoid resource leaks
        }
    }

private static void handleGetRequest(String requestLine, Socket clientSocket) throws IOException {
        String requestedURL = extractRequestedURL(requestLine);
        System.out.println("Received GET request: " + requestedURL);

if (requestedURL.contains("/index.html")) { // Serve a sample HTML file
            sendResponse(clientSocket, generateSampleHTMLFileContent()));
        } else { // Handle other types of URLs (not implemented in this simple example)
            System.out.println("Unsupported URL detected: " + requestedURL);
        }
    }

private static String extractRequestedURL(String requestLine) {
        int index = requestLine.indexOf("GET") + 4;
        return requestLine.substring(index); // Extract the requested URL from the full request line
    }

private static String generateSampleHTMLFileContent() {
        return "<html><head><title>Simple HTML Page</title></head><body><h1>Welcome to our simple website!</h1><p>This is a sample HTML file created for demonstration purposes.</p></body></html>";
    }

private static void sendResponse(Socket clientSocket, String responseContent) throws IOException {
        OutputStream outputStream = clientSocket.getOutputStream();
        outputStream.write(responseContent.getBytes()));
        outputStream.flush();
        System.out.println("Sent response to client: " + responseContent);
    }
}
```

这段代码创建了一个简单的HTTP服务器，监听8000端口。当有客户端请求时，它会处理GET请求，并可能返回一个样例HTML文件的内容。

注意：在实际生产环境中，你需要对输入的请求进行更严格的检查和过滤，以防止安全漏洞或恶意攻击。