Java异常处理：try-catch-finally完整应用实例

原创港控/mmm° 2024-09-24 17:09 33阅读 0赞

在Java中，异常处理是通过`try-catch-finally`结构实现的。以下是一个完整的应用实例：

```java
public class BankAccountExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 创建一个账户
            BankAccount account = new BankAccount("123456", 100);

// 开始存款交易，这可能会抛出异常
            account.deposit(50);

// 打印账户状态
            System.out.println(account.getState());

} catch (InsufficientFundsException e) {
            // 如果存款失败（资金不足），捕获并处理异常
            System.out.println("Insufficient Funds: " + e.getMessage());
        } catch (BankAccountException bae) {
            // 其他银行账户相关异常
            System.out.println("Bank Account Exception: " + bae.getMessage());
        } finally {
            // 在任何情况下，都会执行的代码
            System.out.println("Finally block executed regardless of exception.");
        }
    }

// 假设我们有一个模拟的银行账户类
    static class BankAccount {

private String accountNumber;
        private double balance;

public BankAccount(String accountNumber, double initialBalance) {
            this.accountNumber = accountNumber;
            this.balance = initialBalance;
        }

public void deposit(double amount) throws InsufficientFundsException {
            if (amount < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative deposit not allowed.");
            if (balance + amount > Double.MAX_VALUE) throw new InsufficientFundsException("Insufficient funds to perform the deposit operation.");

balance += amount;
            System.out.println("Deposit successful. New balance: " + balance);
        }

public void withdraw(double amount) throws InsufficientFundsException, IllegalArgumentException {
            if (amount < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative withdrawal not allowed.");
            if (balance - amount < 0) throw new InsufficientFundsException("Insufficient funds to perform the withdrawal operation.");

balance -= amount;
            System.out.println("Withdrawal successful. New balance: " + balance);
        }

public double getState() {
            return balance;
        }
    }

// 假设我们定义了一个银行账户异常类
    static class InsufficientFundsException extends BankAccountException {

public InsufficientFundsException(String message) {
            super(message);
        }
    }

// 其他可能的异常，例如账户创建失败等
    static class BankAccountException extends RuntimeException {

public BankAccountException(String message) {
            super(message);
        }
    }
}
```

在这个例子中，我们模拟了一个银行账户类（BankAccount）和一些可能会抛出异常的情况。通过`try-catch-finally`结构，我们可以捕获并处理这些异常，从而确保程序的健壮性。