maven 快速入门【参考视频编辑】

末蓝、 2024-05-31 05:34 73阅读 0赞

内容参考视频编写 ：[小白学Maven--04--Maven命令行的简单使用\_哔哩哔哩\_bilibili][Maven--04--Maven_bilibili]

Maven 是一个项目管理工具，可以对 Java 项目进行构建、依赖管理

[参考网页：Maven 构建 Java 项目 | 菜鸟教程][Maven _ Java _ _]

下面我们就来说明 maven 如何构建项目、编译项目、测试项目、打包项目、进行依赖管理

### 1.maven的安装配置 ###

[maven的下载、配置\_曹红杏的博客-CSDN博客][maven_-CSDN]

### 2.构建简单项目—命令行方式 ###

我们可以使用maven命令来生成一个项目。根据使用的骨架不同，可以生成不同的项目。我们下面生成一个简单项目、

1）创建文件夹 mymaven (同学们可以创建自己姓名的项目）

2）在文件夹的路径栏中输入cmd，打开命令行窗口

**mvn archetype:generate "-DgroupId=cn.nfu.caohx" "-DartifactId=demo01" "-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart" "-DinteractiveMode=false"**

**组织id、项目名、版本号确定后，就可以唯一决定一个组件，被称为maven坐标。**我们可以根据坐标到[maven repository网站][maven repository]查找资源的信息

![cb8680296cc440c3af082a0baa5f47e3.png][]

![f4668746d6704a949aee2df511320e3d.png][]

![5a2943a2c31249eb83864e81b754ab6c.png][]

使用tree /f 可以查看项目文件夹结构

![1a9dda5427d04f90ae30d9857b3a86a4.png][]

### 3.下面来看一下pom.xml文件 ###

### 4. eclipse 导入maven项目 ###

下面我们用eclipse打开项目，

**1）点击 File -> import**

![03def6700ac347dfb304a301ffe80d80.png][]

![27f2373258ba4b3996afaadbad258f4d.png][]

![37c7d3ef52324c2ea76886c7b7d2dc05.png][]

### 5.查看pom文件，修改junit版本 ###

修改pom文件，改变java的版本。

maven通过pom进行包依赖的管理，项目依赖的jar包不在需要下载后加入build path，只需要在pom文件的 dependencies中增加相应的依赖即可。

下面我们来吧junit的版本改为4.13.2

![b3014ef6532043b19619fec813de56ff.png][]点击项目的右键菜单 maven -> update project .更新最新的依赖包

![9600a188a0934e299dae7fef6c9b64af.png][]

![013270615b9e4676a14562fd1e3394d9.png][]

###  6 修改开发代码 ###

int add(int a,int b)
    	{
    		int c ;
    		c= a+b;
    	    return c;
    	}
    
    	int substract(int a,int b)
    	{
    		int c ;
    		c= a-b;
    		return c;
    	}

![e88f28dc859d432193b3bbd5284e8ecd.png][]

###  7 修改测试代码 ###

package cn.nfu.caohx;
    
    import org.junit.Assert;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    public class AppTest 
    {
        @Test    
        public void testAdd()
        {
        	App app = new App();
        	int r = app.add(2, 3);
            Assert.assertEquals(5, r);
        }
      
        @Test    
        public void testSubstract()
        {
        	App app = new App();
        	int r = app.substract(4, 3);
            Assert.assertEquals(1, r);
        }
      
    }

### 8 运行测试代码 ![ce8309c0ad464911906223004378eacd.png][] ###

### 9 mvn clean : 使用maven清理target目录 ###

mvn clean 清理target目录

![19ccb62834484ad4935f1fc0f92b40d9.png][]

### 10 mvn compile : 使用maven编译 src/main/java下的开发代码 ###

![f0b8690163f44f19acf02fadbbdf240b.png][]

![8870221d679e42ab8ded05aa3b9b4517.png][]

###  11 mvn test :使用maven编译 src/test/java下的代码并自行测试用例 ###

![93bbdd2ccba04d1ba43d88cf934e4588.png][]

查看测试结果

![c6ccb9752f30448cb528067d41091335.png][]

### 12 mvn package : 打包 ###

打包的过程会执行编译、测试和导出包

![e4707966946e4726bb53625e8008cebf.png][]

![c1a4b5bf1ddb428e9330b8b77f741f45.png][]

###  13 maven install 将打的包放到本地仓库中 ###

![f63e7a912fd94b6f9332397012252fa0.png][]

![5e3381c197894a0c84e5098360a36e5c.png][]

### 14.构建简单项目—命令行方式 ###

在命令行中执行下面的命令  
**mvn archetype:generate "-DgroupId=cn.nfu.caohx" "-DartifactId=demoweb01" "-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp" "-DinteractiveMode=false"**

命令行中的各参数含义如下：

**rchetype:generate** 使用骨架生成

**"-DgroupId=cn.nfu.caohx"** 表示生成项目的组件id 为 cn.nfu.caohx

**"-DartifactId=demoweb01"** 表示生成项目的名称为 demoweb01

**"-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp"** 表示快速成成web的java项目

**"-DinteractiveMode=false"** 表示不采用交互方式生成项目

![fad514dca63f4215b78424477dd25b99.png][]![f32c6667da21458f8ad0d120c2d73fef.png][]

生成项目的目录结构

![bfe48824954b4d4ab2524d5fb427f1c1.png][]

进入到demoweb01目录下，执行命令 mvn pacakge

![64bfdcfd71444041856cbb910b54cd7e.png][]

![22f6c657ac1644148a68fb19ece67407.png][]

将war包放到tomcat的web app目录下

![86d7ab65270a41059bf87491c1f289af.png][]

在tomcat 的bin 目录下执行 startup.bat 启动tomcat

然后再浏览器中打开 [http://127.0.0.1:8080/demoweb01/index.j][http_127.0.0.1_8080_demoweb01_index.j] 就可以看到最终效果了

![39da62255f2e4c96917f8fb856a2d477.png][]

### **常见错误处理** ###

eclipse 进行maven编译时总是报错

\[ERROR\] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:compile (default-compile) on project library: Compilation failure  
\[ERROR\] No compiler is provided in this environment. Perhaps you are running on a JRE rather than a JDK?

![340e43431ce54701b8081d00b1fea310.png][]

则编辑项目属性，正确设置jdk的路径，问题可以解决

![8ff26b9325f54013afe93c34e5fc8a10.png][]

[Maven--04--Maven_bilibili]: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1pS4y127f7/?spm_id_from=333.788&vd_source=7524aa02502f86eea9d51368ae261859
[Maven _ Java _ _]: https://www.runoob.com/maven/maven-creating-project.html
[maven_-CSDN]: https://blog.csdn.net/caohongxing/article/details/126420643?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168052355716800213036380%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fblog.%2522%257D&request_id=168052355716800213036380&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~blog~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-1-126420643-null-null.blog_rank_default&utm_term=maven&spm=1018.2226.3001.4450
[maven repository]: https://mvnrepository.com/
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[http_127.0.0.1_8080_demoweb01_index.j]: http://127.0.0.1:8080/demoweb01/index.jsp
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