SpringBoot原理分析 | 任务：异步、邮件、定时

Dear 丶 2024-04-22 19:05 88阅读 0赞

![在这里插入图片描述][acb8a7e0bf334001af9f95d515c4f452.gif_pic_center]

> [?wei\_shuo的个人主页][wei_shuo]
> 
> ?[wei\_shuo的学习社区][wei_shuo 1]
> 
> ?Hello World ！

--------------------

### 任务 ###

#### 异步任务 ####

> Java异步指的是在程序执行过程中，某些任务可以在后台进行，而不会阻塞程序的执行。通常情况下，Java异步使用线程池来实现，将任务放入线程池中，等待线程池中的线程执行这些任务。Java异步可以提高程序的性能和并发能力，尤其是在处理IO密集型任务时，可以大大减少等待时间，提高程序的响应速度。常见的Java异步实现方式包括Future、CompletableFuture、RxJava等

>  *  service/AsyncService.java
> 
>     package com.wei.service;
>     
>     import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
>     import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
>     
>     /**
>      * @ClassName AsyncService
>      * @Description TODO
>      * @Author wei_shuo
>      * @Date 2023/5/9 18:30
>      * @Version 1.0
>      */
>     
>     @Service
>     public class AsyncService {
>          
>         
>         //告诉Spring这是异步方法
>         @Async
>         public void hello(){
>          
>             try {
>          
>                 Thread.sleep(3000);
>             } catch (InterruptedException e) {
>          
>                 e.printStackTrace();
>             }
>     
>             System.out.println("数据正在处理……");
>         }
>     }
> 
>  *  controller/AsyncController.java
> 
>     package com.wei.controller;
>     
>     import com.wei.service.AsyncService;
>     import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
>     import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
>     import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
>     
>     /**
>      * @ClassName AsyncController
>      * @Description TODO
>      * @Author wei_shuo
>      * @Date 2023/5/9 18:33
>      * @Version 1.0
>      */
>     
>     @RestController
>     public class AsyncController {
>          
>     
>         @Autowired
>         AsyncService asyncService;
>     
>         @RequestMapping("/hello")
>         public String hello(){
>          
>             asyncService.hello();
>             return "OK";
>         }
>     }
> 
>  *  SpringbootTestApplication启动类配置注解
> 
>     package com.wei;
>     
>     import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
>     import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
>     import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
>     
>     @SpringBootApplication
>     //开启异步注解功能
>     @EnableAsync
>     public class SpringbootTestApplication {
>          
>     
>         public static void main(String[] args) {
>          
>             SpringApplication.run(SpringbootTestApplication.class, args);
>         }
>         
>     }

#### 邮件任务 ####

>  *  导入依赖
> 
>     
>             <dependency>
>                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
>                 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
>             </dependency>
> 
>  *  application.properties
> 
>     spring.mail.username=1096075493@qq.com
>     spring.mail.password=cjkglgqynqwabaed
>     spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
>     #开启加密验证
>     spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.ssl.enable=true
> 
>  *  Test测试
> 
>     package com.wei;
>     
>     import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
>     import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
>     import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
>     import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
>     import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
>     import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
>     
>     import javax.mail.MessagingException;
>     import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
>     import java.io.File;
>     
>     @SpringBootTest
>     class SpringbootTestApplicationTests {
>          
>     
>         @Autowired(required=false)
>         JavaMailSenderImpl javaMailSender;
>     
>         //简单邮件
>         @Test
>         void contextLoads() {
>          
>             SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
>             //主题
>             mailMessage.setSubject("wei_shuo");
>             //内容
>             mailMessage.setText("Hello,World!");
>             mailMessage.setFrom("1096075493@qq.com");
>             mailMessage.setTo("1096075493@qq.com");
>             javaMailSender.send(mailMessage);
>         }
>     
>         //复杂邮件
>         @Test
>         void contextLoads2() throws MessagingException {
>          
>     
>             MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
>             //组装
>             MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);
>             helper.setSubject("wei_shuo-plus");
>             helper.setText("<p style='color:red'>Hello,World-Plus</p>",true);
>             //附件
>             helper.addAttachment("1.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\ws199\\Desktop"));
>             helper.setFrom("1096075493@qq.com");
>             helper.setTo("1096075493@qq.com");
>             javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
>         }
>     
>         /**
>          *
>          * @param html
>          * @param subject
>          * @param text
>          * @throws MessagingException
>          */
>     
>         //封装方法
>         public void sendMail(Boolean html,String subject,String text) throws MessagingException {
>          
>             MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
>             //组装
>             MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,html);
>             helper.setSubject(subject);
>             helper.setText(text,true);
>             //附件
>             helper.addAttachment("1.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\ws199\\Desktop"));
>             helper.setFrom("1096075493@qq.com");
>             helper.setTo("1096075493@qq.com");
>             javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
>         }
>     
>     }

#### 定时任务 ####

>  *  SpringbootTestApplication.java
> 
>     package com.wei;
>     
>     import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
>     import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
>     import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
>     import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
>     
>     @SpringBootApplication
>     //开启异步注解功能
>     @EnableAsync
>     //开启定时功能的注解
>     @EnableScheduling
>     public class SpringbootTestApplication {
>          
>     
>         public static void main(String[] args) {
>          
>             SpringApplication.run(SpringbootTestApplication.class, args);
>         }
>     
>     }
> 
>  *  ScheduledService.java
> 
>     package com.wei.service;
>     
>     import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
>     import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
>     
>     /**
>      * @ClassName ScheduledService
>      * @Description TODO
>      * @Author wei_shuo
>      * @Date 2023/5/10 18:23
>      * @Version 1.0
>      */
>     @Service
>     public class ScheduledService {
>          
>       
>         //固定时间,执行代码
>         @Scheduled(cron = "0/2 * * * * *")
>         public void hello(){
>          
>             System.out.println("Hello,你被执行了……");
>         }
>     }

--------------------

> ? 结语：创作不易，如果觉得博主的文章赏心悦目，还请——`点赞`?`收藏`⭐️`评论`?

--------------------

![在这里插入图片描述][d3ab6ddb82c2490abc1a7836a1dc557c.gif_pic_center]

[acb8a7e0bf334001af9f95d515c4f452.gif_pic_center]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/22/f35011b51bfa43f9ae5a4f743bb06583.gif
[wei_shuo]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_62765017
[wei_shuo 1]: https://bbs.csdn.net/forums/wei_shuo_study
[d3ab6ddb82c2490abc1a7836a1dc557c.gif_pic_center]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/22/a44a4145a7c74a5f90fa6ac5cc602594.gif