Centos系统下Docker的安装与基本使用

绝地灬酷狼 2024-04-20 09:03 77阅读 0赞

**1.查看Linux内核版本(内核在3.1+，不满足的升级)**

uname -r

**2.查看之前安装过的docker**

yum list installed | grep docker

**3.卸载原安装的docker**

yum -y remove containerd.io.x86_64
    yum -y remove docker-ce.x86_64
    yum -y remove docker-ce-cli.x86_64

**4.删除容器/镜像**

rm -rf /var/lib/docker

**5.安装docker**

yum repolist
    
    yum install docker

**6.开启docker deamon**

service docker start

**7.配置镜像加速器(注意：Docker版本要在1.10.0以上,需要登录阿里云https://www.aliyun.com/注册获取个人的加速器地址，也可以使用国内的其他镜像加速器)**

7.1 检查是否存在/etc/docker文件夹，如果没有则新建

mkdir -p /etc/docker

7.2 新建daemon.json文件

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

**7.3 填入内容**

{
            "bip":"172.14.##。##/24",
            "storage-driver": "overlay2",
            "storage-opts": ["overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"],
            "registry-mirrors": ["https://####.mirror.aliyuncs.com","http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"]
    }

官方教程

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
          sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
          {
            "registry-mirrors": ["https://xxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
          }
    EOF
    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
    sudo systemctl restart docker

**7.4 更新服务**

systemctl daemon-reload

**7.5 重启服务**

systemctl restart docker

**7.6 查看服务状态**

systemctl status docker.service

**8.查看docker的启动信息**

docker info

docker version

WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled
    WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled

有警告提示

**解决办法**

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

加上内容

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 1

保存执行

sysctl -p

**9.获取docker命令帮助**

docker -h

Flag shorthand -h has been deprecated, please use --help
    
    Usage:	docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND
    
    A self-sufficient runtime for containers
    
    Options:
          --config string      Location of client config files (default "/root/.docker")
      -c, --context string     Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use")
      -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
      -H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to
      -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info")
          --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
          --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/root/.docker/ca.pem")
          --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default "/root/.docker/cert.pem")
          --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default "/root/.docker/key.pem")
          --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
      -v, --version            Print version information and quit
    
    Management Commands:
      builder     Manage builds
      config      Manage Docker configs
      container   Manage containers
      context     Manage contexts
      engine      Manage the docker engine
      image       Manage images
      network     Manage networks
      node        Manage Swarm nodes
      plugin      Manage plugins
      secret      Manage Docker secrets
      service     Manage services
      stack       Manage Docker stacks
      swarm       Manage Swarm
      system      Manage Docker
      trust       Manage trust on Docker images
      volume      Manage volumes
    
    Commands:
      attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
      build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
      commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
      cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
      create      Create a new container
      diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
      events      Get real time events from the server
      exec        Run a command in a running container
      export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
      history     Show the history of an image
      images      List images
      import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
      info        Display system-wide information
      inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
      kill        Kill one or more running containers
      load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
      login       Log in to a Docker registry
      logout      Log out from a Docker registry
      logs        Fetch the logs of a container
      pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
      port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
      ps          List containers
      pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
      push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
      rename      Rename a container
      restart     Restart one or more containers
      rm          Remove one or more containers
      rmi         Remove one or more images
      run         Run a command in a new container
      save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
      search      Search the Docker Hub for images
      start       Start one or more stopped containers
      stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
      stop        Stop one or more running containers
      tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
      top         Display the running processes of a container
      unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
      update      Update configuration of one or more containers
      version     Show the Docker version information
      wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes
    
    Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

命令在忘记使用时，不妨help查查文档

**10.镜像搜索**

docker search redis

NAME                             DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
    redis                            Redis is an open source key-value store that…   7331                [OK]                
    bitnami/redis                    Bitnami Redis Docker Image                      127                                     [OK]
    sameersbn/redis                                                                  77                                      [OK]
    grokzen/redis-cluster            Redis cluster 3.0, 3.2, 4.0 & 5.0               56                                      
    rediscommander/redis-commander   Alpine image for redis-commander - Redis man…   31                                      [OK]
    kubeguide/redis-master           redis-master with "Hello World!"                29                                      
    redislabs/redis                  Clustered in-memory database engine compatib…   23                                      
    arm32v7/redis                    Redis is an open source key-value store that…   17                                      
    redislabs/redisearch             Redis With the RedisSearch module pre-loaded…   17                                      
    oliver006/redis_exporter          Prometheus Exporter for Redis Metrics. Supp…   14                                      
    webhippie/redis                  Docker images for Redis                         10                                      [OK]
    s7anley/redis-sentinel-docker    Redis Sentinel                                  9                                       [OK]
    insready/redis-stat              Docker image for the real-time Redis monitor…   8                                       [OK]
    redislabs/redisgraph             A graph database module for Redis               8                                       [OK]
    arm64v8/redis                    Redis is an open source key-value store that…   6                                       
    bitnami/redis-sentinel           Bitnami Docker Image for Redis Sentinel         6                                       [OK]
    centos/redis-32-centos7          Redis in-memory data structure store, used a…   4                                       
    redislabs/redismod               An automated build of redismod - latest Redi…   4                                       [OK]
    circleci/redis                   CircleCI images for Redis                       2                                       [OK]
    frodenas/redis                   A Docker Image for Redis                        2                                       [OK]
    tiredofit/redis                  Redis Server w/ Zabbix monitoring and S6 Ove…   1                                       [OK]
    runnable/redis-stunnel           stunnel to redis provided by linking contain…   1                                       [OK]
    wodby/redis                      Redis container image with orchestration        1                                       [OK]
    cflondonservices/redis           Docker image for running redis                  0                                       
    xetamus/redis-resource           forked redis-resource                           0                                       [OK]

**11.镜像拉取**

docker pull redis:4.0

**12.查看已有镜像列表**

docker images
    
    docker image ls

**13.查看在运行的容器**

docker ps

**常用网站：**

[Docker Hub 仓库][Docker Hub]

[清华大学开源软件镜像站 HOME EVENTS BLOG RSS PODCAST MIRRORS][HOME EVENTS BLOG RSS PODCAST MIRRORS]

[Docker Hub]: https://hub.docker.com/
[HOME EVENTS BLOG RSS PODCAST MIRRORS]: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/