Android P App中调用Shell命令

快来打我* 2024-04-19 12:10 74阅读 0赞

Android中可以执行很多Shell命令。

例如：

//测试网络能否ping通 -c 10 指发送10个数据包测试
    ping -c 10 192.168.10.22

//查看目录
    ls

//am start命令启动Settings程序
    am start -n com.android.settings/com.android.settings.Settings --display 0

有时候，我们需要在App程序中去执行这些命令。

### ShellUtils ###

public class ShellUtils { 
        private static final String TAG = "ShellUtils";
    
        public static final String COMMAND_SU = "su";
        public static final String COMMAND_SH = "sh";
        public static final String COMMAND_EXIT = "exit\n";
        public static final String COMMAND_LINE_END = "\n";
    
        private ShellUtils() { 
            throw new AssertionError();
        }
    
        /** * 查看是否有了root权限 * * @return */
        public static boolean checkRootPermission() { 
            return execCommand("echo root", true, false).result == 0;
        }
    
        /** * 执行shell命令，默认返回结果 * * @param command * command * @param isRoot * need root permission * @return * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean) */
        public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot) { 
            return execCommand(new String[] {  command }, isRoot, true);
        }
    
        /** * 执行shell命令，默认返回结果 * * @param commands * command list * @param isRoot * need root permission * @return * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean) */
        public static CommandResult execCommand(List<String> commands,
                                                boolean isRoot) { 
            return execCommand(
                    commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] { }),
                    isRoot, true);
        }
    
        /** * 执行shell命令，默认返回结果 * * @param commands * command array * @param isRoot * need root permission * @return * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean) */
        public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot) { 
            return execCommand(commands, isRoot, true);
        }
    
        /** * execute shell command * * @param command * command * @param isRoot * need root permission * @param isNeedResultMsg * whether need result msg * @return * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean) */
        public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot,
                                                boolean isNeedResultMsg) { 
            return execCommand(new String[] {  command }, isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
        }
    
        /** * execute shell commands * * @param commands * command list * @param isRoot * need root permission * @param isNeedResultMsg * result * @return * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean) */
        public static CommandResult execCommand(List<String> commands,
                                                boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) { 
            return execCommand(
                    commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] { }),
                    isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
        }
    
        /** * execute shell commands * * @param commands * command array * @param isRoot * need root permission * @param isNeedResultMsg * result * @return <ul> * <li>if isNeedResultMsg is false, {@link CommandResult#successMsg} * is null and {@link CommandResult#errorMsg} is null.</li> * <li>if {@link CommandResult#result} is -1, there maybe some * excepiton.</li> * </ul> */
        public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot,
                                                boolean isNeedResultMsg) { 
            int result = -1;
            if (commands == null || commands.length == 0) { 
                return new CommandResult(result, null, null);
            }
    
            Process process = null;
            BufferedReader successResult = null;
            BufferedReader errorResult = null;
            StringBuilder successMsg = null;
            StringBuilder errorMsg = null;
    
            DataOutputStream os = null;
            try { 
                process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(isRoot ? COMMAND_SU : COMMAND_SH);
                os = new DataOutputStream(process.getOutputStream());
                for (String command : commands) { 
                    if (command == null) { 
                        continue;
                    }
                    // donnot use os.writeBytes(commmand), avoid chinese charset
                    // error
                    os.write(command.getBytes());
                    os.writeBytes(COMMAND_LINE_END);
                    os.flush();
                }
                os.writeBytes(COMMAND_EXIT);
                os.flush();
                result = process.waitFor();
                // get command result
                if (isNeedResultMsg) { 
                    successMsg = new StringBuilder();
                    errorMsg = new StringBuilder();
                    successResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                            process.getInputStream()));
                    errorResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                            process.getErrorStream()));
                    String s;
                    while ((s = successResult.readLine()) != null) { 
                        successMsg.append(s);
                    }
                    while ((s = errorResult.readLine()) != null) { 
                        errorMsg.append(s);
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally { 
                try { 
                    if (os != null) { 
                        os.close();
                    }
                    if (successResult != null) { 
                        successResult.close();
                    }
                    if (errorResult != null) { 
                        errorResult.close();
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                if (process != null) { 
                    process.destroy();
                }
            }
            return new CommandResult(result, successMsg == null ? null
                    : successMsg.toString(), errorMsg == null ? null
                    : errorMsg.toString());
        }
    
        /** * 运行结果 * <ul> * <li>{@link CommandResult#result} means result of command, 0 means normal, * else means error, same to excute in linux shell</li> * <li>{@link CommandResult#successMsg} means success message of command * result</li> * <li>{@link CommandResult#errorMsg} means error message of command result</li> * </ul> * * @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> * 2013-5-16 */
        public static class CommandResult { 
            /** 运行结果 **/
            public int result;
            /** 运行成功结果 **/
            public String successMsg;
            /** 运行失败结果 **/
            public String errorMsg;
    
            public CommandResult(int result) { 
                this.result = result;
            }
    
            public CommandResult(int result, String successMsg, String errorMsg) { 
                this.result = result;
                this.successMsg = successMsg;
                this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
            }
        }
    }

### 调用 ###

ShellUtils.CommandResult result1 = ShellUtils.execCommand("/system/bin/ping -c 10 192.168.10.22",false);  
Log.i(TAG,"result1.result = " + result1.result);  
Log.i(TAG,"result1.successMsg = " + result1.successMsg);  
Log.i(TAG,"result1.errorMsg = " + result1.errorMsg);

ShellUtils.CommandResult result2 = ShellUtils.execCommand(“ls”,false);  
Log.i(TAG,"result2.result = " + result2.result);  
Log.i(TAG,"result2.successMsg = " + result2.successMsg);  
Log.i(TAG,"result2.errorMsg = " + result2.errorMsg);

### 出错 ###

注意调用的方法： ShellUtils.execCommand(“ls”,false);和 ShellUtils.execCommand(“ls”,true);的区别

false,是指该命令不需要su权限，root权限。  
true,表示该命令需要su权限和root权限。

但是在大部分机器中，app是没有root的权限的，所以有些命令是无法执行的。  
报错：  
su：not allowed  
start：must be root

目前没有找到App能获取到root权限的方法。故，目前只能执行一些不需要root权限的命令。