SpringBoot 使用Swagger2打造在线接口文档（附汉化教程）

桃扇骨 2024-04-19 09:22 57阅读 0赞

> 序言：编写和维护接口文档是每个程序员的职责，根据Swagger2可以快速帮助我们编写最新的API接口文档，再也不用担心开会前仍忙于整理各种资料了，间接提升了团队开发的沟通效率。此外，本教程还额外提供了UI汉化教程，去除阅读官方英文界面的烦恼。（目前Swagger汉化教程是找不到的，因为官方手册实在写得太烂。。）

# SpringBoot + Swagger2 UI界面-汉化教程 #

# 1.默认的英文界面UI #

想必很多小伙伴都曾经使用过Swagger，但是打开UI界面之后，却是下面这样的画风，纯英文的界面并不太友好，作为国人还是习惯中文界面。

号称世界最流行的API工具总不该不支持国际化属性吧，楼主在[官方使用手册][Link 1]找到关于本地化和翻译的说明：

也就是说，只要添加翻译器和对于的译文JS就可以显示中文界面了。（使用IDEA 双击Shift 快速找到swagger-ui.html 入口文件）

> 注：对静态资源的存放路径有疑惑的请戳：[SpringBoot项目结构说明][SpringBoot]

# 2.定制中文界面 #

# 2.1 添加首页和译文 #

重点来了，在`src/main/resources`目录下创建`META-INF\resources`目录，然后创建一个名称为"swagger-ui.html" 的HTML文件。如图：

注意文件名不要起错，接下来将下面这段内容原封不动的拷贝进去。

<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Swagger UI</title>
        <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/images/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"/>
        <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/images/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"/>
        <link href='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/css/typography.css' media='screen' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'/>
        <link href='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/css/reset.css' media='screen' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'/>
        <link href='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/css/screen.css' media='screen' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'/>
        <link href='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/css/reset.css' media='print' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'/>
        <link href='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/css/print.css' media='print' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'/>
    
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/object-assign-pollyfill.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/jquery-1.8.0.min.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/jquery.slideto.min.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/jquery.wiggle.min.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/jquery.ba-bbq.min.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/handlebars-4.0.5.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/lodash.min.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/backbone-min.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/swagger-ui.min.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/highlight.9.1.0.pack.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/highlight.9.1.0.pack_extended.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/jsoneditor.min.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/marked.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lib/swagger-oauth.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/springfox.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
    
        
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lang/translator.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
        <script src='webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/lang/zh-cn.js' type='text/javascript'></script>
    
    </head>
    
    <body class="swagger-section">
    <div id='header'>
        <div class="swagger-ui-wrap">
            <a id="logo" href="http://swagger.io">![](webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/images/logo_small.png)<span class="logo__title">swagger</span></a>
            <form id='api_selector'>
                <div class='input'>
                    <select id="select_baseUrl" name="select_baseUrl"></select>
                </div>
                <div class='input'><input placeholder="http://example.com/api" id="input_baseUrl" name="baseUrl" type="text"/></div>
                <div id='auth_container'></div>
                <div class='input'><a id="explore" class="header__btn" href="#" data-sw-translate>Explore</a></div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
    
    <div id="message-bar" class="swagger-ui-wrap" data-sw-translate> </div>
    <div id="swagger-ui-container" class="swagger-ui-wrap"></div>
    </body>
    </html>

OK 大功告成 我们访问 [http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html][http_localhost_8080_swagger-ui.html] 看看显示效果：

> 注：关于国际化，直接在Github下载好Swagger-UI的源码，将swagger-ui.html替换成上文，直接发布到Maven私服仓库，使用效果更佳。

# 2.2 更详细的译文翻译（非必需） #

如果想进一步调整译文，可以在META-INF\\resources\\webjars\\springfox-swagger-ui\\lang 目录下添加zh-cn.js文件.

然后在译文（zh-cn.js ）根据个人喜好来添加翻译内容，如下

'use strict';
    
    /* jshint quotmark: double */
    window.SwaggerTranslator.learn({
        "Warning: Deprecated":"警告：已过时",
        "Implementation Notes":"实现备注",
        "Response Class":"响应类",
        "Status":"状态",
        "Parameters":"参数",
        "Parameter":"参数",
        "Value":"值",
        "Description":"描述",
        "Parameter Type":"参数类型",
        "Data Type":"数据类型",
        "Response Messages":"响应消息",
        "HTTP Status Code":"HTTP状态码",
        "Reason":"原因",
        "Response Model":"响应模型",
        "Request URL":"请求URL",
        "Response Body":"响应体",
        "Response Code":"响应码",
        "Response Headers":"响应头",
        "Hide Response":"隐藏响应",
        "Headers":"头",
        "Try it out!":"试一下！",
        "Show/Hide":"显示/隐藏",
        "List Operations":"显示操作",
        "Expand Operations":"展开操作",
        "Raw":"原始",
        "can't parse JSON.  Raw result":"无法解析JSON. 原始结果",
        "Example Value":"示例",
        "Click to set as parameter value":"点击设置参数",
        "Model Schema":"模型架构",
        "Model":"模型",
        "apply":"应用",
        "Username":"用户名",
        "Password":"密码",
        "Terms of service":"服务条款",
        "Created by":"创建者",
        "See more at":"查看更多：",
        "Contact the developer":"联系开发者",
        "api version":"api版本",
        "Response Content Type":"响应Content Type",
        "Parameter content type:":"参数类型:",
        "fetching resource":"正在获取资源",
        "fetching resource list":"正在获取资源列表",
        "Explore":"浏览",
        "Show Swagger Petstore Example Apis":"显示 Swagger Petstore 示例 Apis",
        "Can't read from server.  It may not have the appropriate access-control-origin settings.":"无法从服务器读取。可能没有正确设置access-control-origin。",
        "Please specify the protocol for":"请指定协议：",
        "Can't read swagger JSON from":"无法读取swagger JSON于",
        "Finished Loading Resource Information. Rendering Swagger UI":"已加载资源信息。正在渲染Swagger UI",
        "Unable to read api":"无法读取api",
        "from path":"从路径",
        "server returned":"服务器返回"
    });

> ===========接下来，正式进入Swagger2的使用教程===========

# SpringBoot + Swagger2 使用教程 #

# 1. 引入依赖 #

<dependencies>
            <dependency> 
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
                <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
                <version>2.7.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
                <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
                <version>2.7.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency> 
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

# 2. 添加配置 #

@Configuration //标记配置类
    @EnableSwagger2 //开启在线接口文档
    public class Swagger2Config {
        /**
         * 添加摘要信息(Docket)
         */
        @Bean
        public Docket controllerApi() {
            return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                    .apiInfo(new ApiInfoBuilder()
                            .title("标题：某公司_用户信息管理系统_接口文档")
                            .description("描述：用于管理集团旗下公司的人员信息,具体包括XXX,XXX模块...")
                            .contact(new Contact("一只袜子", null, null))
                            .version("版本号:1.0")
                            .build())
                    .select()
                    .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.hehe.controller"))
                    .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                    .build();
        }
    }

# 3. 编写接口文档 #

#### Swagger2 基本使用： ####

*  [@Api][Api] 描述类/接口的主要用途
 *  @ApiOperation 描述方法用途
 *  @ApiImplicitParam 描述方法的参数
 *  @ApiImplicitParams 描述方法的参数(Multi-Params)
 *  @ApiIgnore 忽略某类/方法/参数的文档

#### Swagger2 使用注解来编写文档： ####

Swagger2编写接口文档相当简单，只需要在控制层（Controller）添加注解来描述接口信息即可。例如：

package com.hehe.controller;
    
    @Api("用户信息管理")
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("/user/*")
    public class UserController {
    
        private final static List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
    
        {
            userList.add(new User("1", "admin", "123456"));
            userList.add(new User("2", "jacks", "111111"));
        }
    
        @ApiOperation("获取列表")
        @GetMapping("list")
        public List userList() {
            return userList;
        }
    
        @ApiOperation("新增用户")
        @PostMapping("save")
        public boolean save(User user) {
            return userList.add(user);
        }
    
        @ApiOperation("更新用户")
        @ApiImplicitParam(name = "user", value = "单个用户信息", dataType = "User")
        @PutMapping("update")
        public boolean update(User user) {
            return userList.remove(user) && userList.add(user);
        }
    
        @ApiOperation("批量删除")
        @ApiImplicitParam(name = "users", value = "N个用户信息", dataType = "List<User>")
        @DeleteMapping("delete")
        public boolean delete(@RequestBody List<User> users) {
            return userList.removeAll(users);
        }
    }
    
    package com.hehe.entity;
    
    public class User {
    
        private String userId;
        private String username;
        private String password;
    
        public User() {
    
        }
    
        public User(String userId, String username, String password) {
            this.userId = userId;
            this.username = username;
            this.password = password;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if (this == o) {
                return true;
            }
            if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {
                return false;
            }
    
            User user = (User) o;
    
            return userId != null ? userId.equals(user.userId) : user.userId == null;
        }
    
        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            int result = userId != null ? userId.hashCode() : 0;
            result = 31 * result + (username != null ? username.hashCode() : 0);
            result = 31 * result + (password != null ? password.hashCode() : 0);
            return result;
        }
    
        public String getUserId() {
            return userId;
        }
    
        public void setUserId(String userId) {
            this.userId = userId;
        }
    
        public String getUsername() {
            return username;
        }
    
        public void setUsername(String username) {
            this.username = username;
        }
    
        public String getPassword() {
            return password;
        }
    
        public void setPassword(String password) {
            this.password = password;
        }
    }

# 4. 查阅接口文档 #

编写文档完成之后，启动当前项目，在浏览器打开：  
\[ [http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html][http_localhost_8080_swagger-ui.html] \] , 看到效果如下：

来看看save 方法的具体描述，可以看到Swagger 2.7.0 版本对参数列表进行了改版，直接输入参数，更方便进行测试操作：

# 5. 测试接口 #

Swagger2的强大之处不仅在于快速生成整洁优雅的RestAPI文档，同时支持接口方法的测试操作（类似于客户端PostMan）。

以查询用户列表为例，无参数输入，直接点击“试一下”按钮：

然后可以看到以JSON格式返回的用户列表信息，很方便有木有：

好了，关于Swagger2在项目中的使用教程就到这里。

源码下载： [SpringBoot +Swagger2 使用教程][SpringBoot _Swagger2]

专题阅读：[《SpringBoot 布道系列》][SpringBoot 1]

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/abcijkxyz/blog/3057132

[Link 1]: https://swagger.io/docs/swagger-tools/#localization-and-translation-40
[SpringBoot]: https://www.jianshu.com/p/6dcfe16d91d0
[http_localhost_8080_swagger-ui.html]: http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html
[Api]: https://my.oschina.net/unicloud
[SpringBoot _Swagger2]: https://github.com/yizhiwazi/springboot-socks/tree/master/springboot-swagger2
[SpringBoot 1]: https://www.jianshu.com/p/964370d9374e