计算机组成原理（七）CPU的结构和功能

迷南。 2024-04-17 11:47 67阅读 0赞

## 一、CPU的结构 ##

### 1.1CPU 的功能 ###

![9ab9a5bd8c9c4249858b2f4dadb139e4.png][]

### ![dcd098d8ece8490085943cd59d5ceeda.png][] 1.2CPU 的寄存器 ###

![fcc53421c7d44d4cb73169af6e8cad07.png][]

## 二、指 令 周 期 ##

### 2.1分类 ###

![4ffa8046957548ac81fb319ea55c8dc6.png][]

![99f9f1b6098744a2abc1fa789bb17a7b.png][] ![a2edc9b77ab140738eb2c039435f6ca3.png][]

### 2.2机械周期 ###

![816da438be9e466c990a5e9ac3ed5328.png][]

## 三、指令周期的数据流 ##

### 3.1分类 ###

![7c2bc6e62bc34e648332ee425fef89c0.png][]

![4dee2afa31a04c24a640022b52c13ac4.png][]

![9899b0cc11ae405aa69770a730b2c8ef.png][]![162c245b92df4b7f9f0370f14ad46495.png][]

### 3.2如何提高机器速度 ###

![f588448a6fa94270bfdcc63c7b35da4a.png][]

### 3.3并行性概念![d4046e7fd0e549458f3058c40a4178c8.png][] ###

### 3.4流水相关 ###

结构相关

![cb86d4029f0c47568aeebd4b84e6e311.png][]

数据相关

![4fc34696f144433eb0a88b074fce8a6b.png][]

![68675e2fc4074c06a936238159d8befc.png][]

![f55d62cd090b464da9fbf881742a13eb.png][]

> 多核处理

控制相关

![91fabc3e8db94b958ec047d02f1b319e.png][]

### 3.5流水线的性能 ###

![bf672585debd4cd6accd6c729633669d.png][]

![5aa0d177500940a39dba95267aabd3f0.png][]

![6a9c59a49dae4bff8ebffe9a92852a5d.png][]

### 3.6流水线的多发技术 ###

![e0b6afcb424d46a982d50ce5424730a0.png][]

## ![3e2f7985db0740c1873aa59f9c819470.png][]![9395039f8df24beca892aaafc920f31a.png][] ##

## 3.7组合逻辑控制器 ##

![ad10e844281c46cea8545b985ce4a3d0.png][]

![3e22477c29ed45f18ad1d7c3a2bdd94b.png][]

### 3.8 设计模型指令系统 ###

![717b2c507bcf440e8909112a2d054343.png][]

3级时序体系

![2684fcda5c4e480595fcab0d902519b8.png][]

![53abc8357f7b453a9bf7fc766bce0e0b.png][] 控制单元的外特性

![f09985047cd34615ac00a8720c28f902.png][]

![254840e86701467fafc2991e1d315448.png][]

控制方式的说明

![3b4f3a06f2c848a5a0ce7d2df6be5fd1.png][]

![76108e62e45149c2a96ead462e19bf6d.png][]

![1dde3ee714584fbd916a6a92909fa874.png][]

## 四、中断系统 ##

![91c054b734bc41498d4d9df56429622c.png][]

### 4.1中断请求与中断判优 ###

![36293bca83534c2e9a8000dfb580e311.png][]

### ![1859c191e0914db5aba09f90a5f100fd.png][]![9409ee96b2594492a7768cc11e40bf21.png][]4.2 中断服务程序入口 ###

![11ebdd1257214783b47187cf8dbbf90e.png][]

![edc05e1fb9a74f2a8bbbfe5dd0fa193d.png][]

### 4.3 中断响应 ###

![8ece5babd95d4f6a943f82b5816e2e57.png][]

![019c6bb010de4811b784257a6eca3514.png][]

### 4.4现场保护现场恢复 ###

![d8aace16833c4119b2e972396c1d94c2.png][]

### 4.5多重中断条件 ###

![6643fdc8010142cbb834fcb7a6d10b27.png][]

![9bf86f2abeb84fd9b209872996bbd314.png][]

![2a4be831d4ce4d40a02d6541baaeda26.png][]![2c919bfa9c184875976e450e11950977.png][]

![16e0c312040c43b59591f629ecc9fa25.png][]

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