Oracle修改编码为GBK

迈不过友情╰ 2024-04-17 05:33 74阅读 0赞

由于前几天导入数据库文件的时候，一直导入不成功，因为在安装oracle的时候我的编码选择的是UTF-8，一个文字是3个字节存储的，导致了我很多的数据乱码以及字段长度越界。修改了编码为GBK以后问题解决。下面是修改编码时候的命令汇总。

首先先建议修改plsql的编码，修改环境变量，右键点击我的电脑点击属性，再进入高级系统设置

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NyZzE4NDM4NjEwNTc3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NyZzE4NDM4NjEwNTc3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

NLS_LANG
    SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK

接下来打开cmd黑窗口：依次执行即可。

C:\USERSset\MyPC> set ORACLE_SID=你想进入的数据库的那个sid，我的是orcl
    C:\USERSset\MyPC> sqlplus /nolog
    
    SQL> conn /as sysdba
    Connected. 
    
    SQL> shutdown immediate; 
    Database closed. 
    Database dismounted. 
    ORACLE instance shut down. 
    
    SQL> startup mount
    Total System Global Area  236000356 bytes 
    Fixed Size                   451684 bytes 
    Variable Size             201326592 bytes 
    Database Buffers           33554432 bytes 
    Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes 
    Database mounted.
    
    SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
    System altered. 
    
    SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
    System altered. 
    
    SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
    System altered. 
    
    SQL> alter database open;
    Database altered. 
    
    SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
    ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK 
    * 
    ERROR at line 1: 
    ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
    提示我们的字符集：新字符集必须为旧字符集的超集，这时我们可以跳过超集的检查做更改：
    
    SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
    Database altered.
    
    SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;
    略 
    19 rows selected. 
    
    SQL> shutdown immediate; 
    Database closed. 
    Database dismounted. 
    ORACLE instance shut down. 
    
    SQL> startup
    ORACLE instance started. 
    Total System Global Area  236000356 bytes 
    Fixed Size                   451684 bytes 
    Variable Size             201326592 bytes 
    Database Buffers           33554432 bytes 
    Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes 
    Database mounted. 
    Database opened.

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