SpringCloud_Alibaba Sentinel实现熔断与限流

今天药忘吃喽~ 2024-03-27 11:16 106阅读 0赞

#### 目录 ####

*  一、Sentinel介绍
 *   *  1.官网
     *  2.是什么
     *  3.能干嘛
     *  4.去哪下
     *  5.怎么玩
 *  二、安装Sentinel控制台
 *   *  1.sentinel组件由2部分组成
     *  2.安装步骤
 *  三、初始化演示工程
 *   *  1.启动Nacos8848成功
     *  2.案例
     *  3.启动Sentinel8080
     *  4.启动微服务8401
     *  5.启动8401微服务后查看sentienl控制台
 *  四、流控规则
 *   *  1.基本介绍
     *  2.流控模式
     *   *  2.1 直接（默认）
         *  2.2 关联
         *  2.3 配置A
         *  2.4 postman模拟并发密集访问testB
         *  2.5 链路
     *  3.流控效果
     *   *  3.1 直接->快速失败（默认的流控处理）
         *  3.2 预热
         *  3.3 排队等待
 *  五、降级规则
 *   *  1.官网
     *  2.基本介绍
     *  3.降级策略实战
     *   *  3.1 RT
         *  3.2 异常比例
         *  3.3 异常数
 *  六、热点key限流
 *   *  1.基本介绍
     *  2.官网
     *  3.承上启下复习
     *  4.代码
     *  5.配置
     *  6.参数例外项
     *  7.其他
 *  七、系统规则
 *   *  1.是什么
     *  2.各项配置参数说明
     *  3.配置全局QPS
 *  八、@SentinelResource
 *   *  1.按资源名称限流+后续处理
     *  2.按照Url地址限流+后续处理
     *  3.上面兜底方法面临的问题
     *  4.客户自定义限流处理逻辑
     *  5.更多注解属性说明
 *  九、服务熔断功能
 *   *  1.sentinel整合ribbon+openFeign+fallback
     *  2.Ribbon系列
     *   *  2.1 启动nacos和sentinel
         *  2.2 提供者9003/9004
         *  2.3 消费者84
         *  2.4 目的
     *  3.Feign系列
     *  4.熔断框架比较
 *  十、规则持久化
 *   *  1.是什么
     *  2.怎么玩
     *  3.步骤

代码链接  
[https://github.com/lidonglin-bit/cloud][https_github.com_lidonglin-bit_cloud]

## 一、Sentinel介绍 ##

### 1.官网 ###

[https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel][https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel]  
中文  
[https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D][https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_wiki_E4_BB_8B_E7_BB_8D]

### 2.是什么 ###

一句话解释，之前的Hystrix  
![在这里插入图片描述][9616d886f0f345cfbfbb2807dd1e8646.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][6915b9fe40364b64b1e81a61225b9377.png]

### 3.能干嘛 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][e123d49c7cf0405f8deb5f31bc2c9673.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][6c72908dfbfd4a64af10bdf6ce37e7c0.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][bf96c51ad7154f74a077928a27a70b15.png]

### 4.去哪下 ###

[https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases][https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_releases]

### 5.怎么玩 ###

[https://spring-cloud-alibaba-group.github.io/github-pages/greenwich/spring-cloud-alibaba.html\#\_spring\_cloud\_alibaba\_sentinel][https_spring-cloud-alibaba-group.github.io_github-pages_greenwich_spring-cloud-alibaba.html_spring_cloud_alibaba_sentinel]  
![在这里插入图片描述][cf27a1cc56894b7dac9acdef15c1f544.png]

*  服务使用中的各种问题
    
     *  服务雪崩
     *  服务降级
     *  服务熔断
     *  服务限流

## 二、安装Sentinel控制台 ##

### 1.sentinel组件由2部分组成 ###

**Sentinel 分为两个部分:**  
核心库（Java 客户端）不依赖任何框架/库，能够运行于所有 Java 运行时环境，同时对 Dubbo / Spring Cloud 等框架也有较好的支持。

控制台（Dashboard）基于 Spring Boot 开发，打包后可以直接运行，不需要额外的 Tomcat 等应用容器。

*  后台
 *  前台8080

### 2.安装步骤 ###

**1.下载**  
[https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases][https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_releases]  
下载到本地sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar  
**2.运行命令**  
前提  
java8环境OK  
8080端口不能被占用  
命令

java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar

**3.访问sentinel管理界面**  
http://localhost:8080  
登录账号密码均为sentinel

## 三、初始化演示工程 ##

### 1.启动Nacos8848成功 ###

http://localhost:8848/nacos/\#/login

### 2.案例 ###

**1.创建Module：cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401**  
**2.POM**

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.donglin.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
                <version>${
        project.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
                <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
                <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
                <version>4.6.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

**3.YML**

server:
      port: 8401
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848
        sentinel:
          transport:
            dashboard: localhost:8080
            port: 8719  #默认8719，应用与Sentinel控制台交互的端口，应用本地会起一个该端口占用HttpServer
    
    management:
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: '*'

![在这里插入图片描述][92de4d4e166e4b10a8a53b55ad04a54e.png]  
[https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/production-ready-features.html\#production-ready-endpoints][https_docs.spring.io_spring-boot_docs_current_reference_html_production-ready-features.html_production-ready-endpoints]

**4.主启动**

package com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class MainApp8401{
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(MainApp8401.class, args);
        }
    }

**5.业务类FlowLimitController**

package com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class FlowLimitController{
        
        @GetMapping("/testA")
        public String testA() {
        
            return "------testA";
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/testB")
        public String testB() {
        
            return "------testB";
        }
    }

### 3.启动Sentinel8080 ###

java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar

### 4.启动微服务8401 ###

### 5.启动8401微服务后查看sentienl控制台 ###

空空如也，啥都没有  
Sentinel采用的懒加载说明  
执行一次访问即可  
http://localhost:8401/testA  
http://localhost:8401/testB  
效果  
![在这里插入图片描述][2267dde6f4a745c1b4ea2ce20f656777.png]

结论  
sentinel8080正在监控微服务8401

## 四、流控规则 ##

### 1.基本介绍 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][251b873f615147ae86ce826c1d59a50b.png]

进一步解释说明

![在这里插入图片描述][44a16100d8fd4e2796e53b8fcc87e980.png]

### 2.流控模式 ###

#### 2.1 直接（默认） ####

*  直接->快速失败
 *  系统默认
 *  测试QPS
 *  配置及说明
 *  表示1秒钟内查询1次就是OK,若超过次数1，就直接-快速失败，报默认错误  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][8f81fdf293b945f28f5ba95cd2ca4067.png]
 *  快速点击访问： http://lcalhost:8401/testA
 *  结果
 *  Blcked by Sentinel (flw limiting)  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][9ea9c9a7648141bcac4507dbf4307ebf.png]
 *  测试线程数  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][82094d6e451b4985998fd2e274f4e2af.png]
 *  快速点击访问： http://localhost:8401/testA
 *  结果
 *  不会出现http://localhost:8401/testA（线程处理请求很快）  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][8a84b3c5bcb54cbeb3222ee20e652f8d.png]

但是，在映射方法里添加sleep后，同样也会出现Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)默认提示信息。

*  思考？？？
    
     *  直接调用默认报错信息，技术方面OK but，是否应该有我们自己的后续处理？
     *  类似有一个fallback的兜底方法？

#### 2.2 关联 ####

*  是什么？
    
     *  当关联的资源达到阈值时，就限流自己
     *  当与A关联的资源B达到阈值后，就限流自己
     *  B惹事，A挂了

#### 2.3 配置A ####

*  设置效果：
 *  当关联资源/testB的QPS阀值超过1时，就限流/testA的REST访问地址，当关联资源到阀值后闲置配置的的资源名。  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][d440d6f606d842b1a234ca0ba864975f.png]

#### 2.4 postman模拟并发密集访问testB ####

*  访问testB成功  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][2e6f446ca5d7494cb019093338da7f31.png]
 *  postman里新建多线程集合组，将请求保存到集合组  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][6b29dd5b2f5d4b53a50f2f83a2379c96.png]
 *  运行线程集合组  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][ecad399a23b84930b93838ab7a88334b.png]
 *  设置并发访问参数  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][a9e23ea95a7c4cee8c5e6d760f0f2689.png]
 *  Run
    
     *  大批量线程高并发访问B，导致A失效了
 *  运行后发现testA挂了
 *  点击访问http://localhost:8401/testA
 *  结果
    
     *  Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)

#### 2.5 链路 ####

*  多个请求调用了同一个微服务
 *  家庭作业试试

### 3.流控效果 ###

#### 3.1 直接->快速失败（默认的流控处理） ####

*  直接失败，抛出异常：Blocked by Sentinel (fl- w limiting)
 *  源码：com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.DefaultController

#### 3.2 预热 ####

*  说明
 *  公式：阈值除以coldFactor（默认值为3），经过预热时长后才会达到阈值
 *  官网： [https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6\#%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8Eqps%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91%E6%95%B0%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6][https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_wiki_E6_B5_81_E9_87_8F_E6_8E_A7_E5_88_B6_E5_9F_BA_E4_BA_8Eqps_E5_B9_B6_E5_8F_91_E6_95_B0_E7_9A_84_E6_B5_81_E9_87_8F_E6_8E_A7_E5_88_B6]

![在这里插入图片描述][0f2c592852f4493c880a3070d2f42cc0.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][3f7bb201874741b89620bfceefb131c1.png]

*  限流 冷启动  
    [https://github.c- m/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81—%E5%86%B7%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8][https_github.c- m_alibaba_Sentinel_wiki_E9_99_90_E6_B5_81_E5_86_B7_E5_90_AF_E5_8A_A8]
 *  源码
    
     *  com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.WarmUpController  
        ![在这里插入图片描述][856ddd0bb3294c7f908ac72cf2a99648.png]
 *  Warmup配置  
    默认 coldFactor 为 3，即请求 QPS 从 threshold / 3 开始，经预热时长逐渐升至设定的 QPS 阈值。
 *  案例：阈值为10 + 预热时长设置5秒。
 *  系统初始化的阈值为10/3约等于3，即阈值刚开始为3；然后过了5秒后阈值才慢慢升高，恢复到10  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][d84cc26938e846ad86078cbe72fc566f.png]
 *  多次点击http://localhost:8401/testB
 *  刚开始不行，后续慢慢OK
 *  应用场景
    
     *  如：秒杀系统在开启的瞬间，会有很多流量上来，很有可能把系统打死，预热方式就是为了保护系统，可慢慢的把流量放进来，慢慢的把阈值增长到设置的阈值。

#### 3.3 排队等待 ####

*  匀速排队，让请求以均匀的速度通过，阈值类型必须设置成QPS，否则无效。
 *  设置含义：/testB每秒1次请求，超过的话就排队等待，等待的超时时间为20000毫秒。  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][a230666c3d1e46cdbc600cebab9d2103.png]
 *  官网  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][b6fccac967fd4305919da915648d7e7e.png]
 *  源码： com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.RateLimiterController
 *  测试
    
     *  增加打印语句

@GetMapping("/testB")
    public String testB() {
        
    log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t ...testB");
    return "------testB";
    }

*  增加线程组：直接10个线程并发，排队被依次处理  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][f51c3ff2a1ba4220bbac0b85bc53df49.png]

## 五、降级规则 ##

### 1.官网 ###

\[https://github.c- m/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%86%94%E6%96%AD%E9%99%8D%E7%BA%A7\](https://github.c- m/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%86%94%E6%96%AD%E9%99%8D%E7%BA%A7)  
![在这里插入图片描述][b7db214d187745e59db07e466e1ff988.png]

### 2.基本介绍 ###

*  整体介绍  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][246510fcd2aa4f2d8b05de6260a7e888.png]
 *  RT(平均响应时间,秒级)
    
     *  平均响应时间 (DEGRADE\_GRADE\_RT)：超过阈值 且 时间窗口内的请求>=5，两个条件同时满足后触发降级，窗口期过后关闭断路器
     *  RT 最大4900 ms，更大的需要通过启动配置项  
        \-Dcsp.sentinel.statistic.max.rt=xxx 来配置。
 *  异常比例（秒级）
    
     *  QPS>=5且异常比例（秒级统计）超过阈值时，触发降级；时间窗口结束后，关闭降级
     *  异常数（分钟级）
     *  异常数（分钟统计）超过阈值时，触发降级；时间窗口结束后，关闭降级
 *  进一步说明
    
     *  Sentinel熔断降级会在调用链路中某个资源出现不稳定状态时（例如：调用超时或异常比例升高），对这个资源的调用进行限制，让请求快速失败，避免影响到其他的资源而导致级联错误。
     *  当资源被降级后，在接下来的降级时间窗口之内，对该资源的调用都自动熔断（默认行为是抛出DegradeExcepti- n）。
 *  Sentinel的断路器是没有半开状态的
    
     *  半开的状态系统自动去检测是否请求有异常，没有异常就关闭断路器恢复使用，有异常则继续打开断路器不可用。具体可以参考Hystrix
     *  复习Hystrix  
        ![在这里插入图片描述][643415dd4e9f440ba7f03fe00a783528.png]

### 3.降级策略实战 ###

#### 3.1 RT ####

*  是什么  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][540c663dc39947818a3b18ad6b204ff1.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][c8668277d72c421c929fb15a681d9e61.png]

*  测试
 *  代码

@GetMapping("/testD")
    public String testD(){
        
            try {
         TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) {
         e.printStackTrace(); }
            log.info("testD 测试RT");
            return "------testD";
    }

*  配置  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][896712af35114d72bd69f2f824691ae2.png]
 *  jmeter压测  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][4c2dc91950b44a48a5527a8e9db847ec.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][8ea025be302c49b484aa66cc0ab9f6bc.png]

*  结论  
    永远一秒钟打进来10个线程（大于5个了）调用testD，我们希望200毫秒处理完本次任务，  
    如果超过200毫秒还没处理完，在未来1秒钟的时间窗口内，断路器打开（保险丝跳闸）微服务不可用，保险丝跳闸断电了  
    后续停止jmeter,没有这么大的访问量了，断路器关闭（保险丝恢复），微服务恢复OK

#### 3.2 异常比例 ####

*  是什么  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][9d173edbf3cf4f44990710c232331117.png]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][aa48fe42048147949afeb884732e1b42.png]
 *  测试
 *  代码

@GetMapping("/testD")
    public String testD() {
        
            log.info("testD 测试异常比例");
            int age = 10/0;
            return "------testD";
    }

*  配置  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][0f07f0908b914b9c86bf02c4b190b1ae.png]
 *  jmeter  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][329bfab815d646cd9193fbca2c5d72e9.png]
 *  演示  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][670b17cd9b2740c08c150f1f0563f4e7.png]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][b6276c032cab4d38bd2b63d379a8865a.png]
 *  结论
    
     *  按照上述配置
     *  单独访问一次，必然来一次报错一次（int age=10/0;）,调一次错一次  
        ![在这里插入图片描述][e6a3847bcd094e399f53477d8b504952.png]
 *  开启jmeter后，直接高并发送请求，多次调用达到我们的配置条件了。
 *  断路器开启（保险丝跳闸），微服务不可用了，不再报错error而是服务降级了。

#### 3.3 异常数 ####

*  是什么  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][94a40fade1ff4ed49a6a556ea332a954.png]

时间窗口一定要大于等于60秒。  
![在这里插入图片描述][433acc9255ac485cb025e3d536c9fa43.png]

*  测试
 *  代码

@GetMapping("/testE")
    public String testE(){
        
        log.info("testE 测试异常数");
        int age = 10/0;
        return "------testE 测试异常数";
    }

*  配置
    
     *  http://localhost:8401/testE
     *  第一次访问绝对报错，因为除数不能为零，我们看到error窗口，但是达到5次报错后，进入熔断后降级。  
        ![在这里插入图片描述][d069d5ad51e04ed58443009777df4b47.png]
 *  手动连续点5次后，进入降级

## 六、热点key限流 ##

### 1.基本介绍 ###

*  是什么  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][cbbc390bed2047cda7b41aa8751eaa48.png]

### 2.官网 ###

[https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/热点参数限流][https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_wiki]

![在这里插入图片描述][20b700e89f6041d08379755fde762b4e.png]

### 3.承上启下复习 ###

*  兜底方法
 *  分为系统默认和客户自定义，两种
    
     *  之前的case，限流出问题后，都是用sentinel系统默认的提示： Blocked by Sentinel(flow limiting)
     *  我们能不能自定义？类似hystrix,某个方法出现问题了，就找对应的兜底降级方法？
     *  结论  
        从@HystrixCommand到@SentinelResource

### 4.代码 ###

@GetMapping("/testHotKey")
    @SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey",blockHandler = "deal_testHotKey")
    public String testHotKey(@RequestParam(value = "p1",required = false) String p1,
                             @RequestParam(value = "p2",required = false) String p2) {
        
        //int age = 10/0;
        return "------testHotKey";
    }
    
    //兜底方法
    public String deal_testHotKey (String p1, String p2, BlockException exception){
        
        return "------deal_testHotKey,o(╥﹏╥)o";  
    }

com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException

### 5.配置 ###

*  配置  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][443c523c1c354178881f11622fd8b6f5.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][f2d8c91692104a998576c07a21ede059.png]

*  默认
    
     *  @SentinelResource(value = “testHotKey”)
     *  异常打到了前台用户界面，不友好

![在这里插入图片描述][a0cb9138f02b44558d3836c50218429a.png]

*  自定义
    
     *  @SentinelResource(value = “testHotKey”,blockHandler = “deal\_testHotKey”) //value值与资源名一致即可
     *  方法testHostKey里面第一个参数只要QPS超过每秒1次，马上降级处理
 *  测试
    
     *  error （1秒1下可以，但是，超过则降级，和p1参数有关）  
        http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=abc
     *  error（1秒1下可以，但是，超过则降级，和p1参数有关）  
        http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=abc&p2=33
     *  right（狂点不会触发降级，与p2参数无关）  
        http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p2=abc

### 6.参数例外项 ###

*  上述案例演示了第一个参数p1,当QPS超过1秒1次点击后马上被限流
 *  特殊情况
    
     *  普通
     *  超过1秒钟一个后，达到阈值1后马上被限流
     *  我们期望p1参数当它是某个特殊值时，它的限流值和平时不一样
     *  特例
     *  假如当p1的值等于5时，它的阈值可以达到200
 *  配置
    
     *  添加按钮不能忘  
        ![在这里插入图片描述][e02c7fd7f74d47f88ffcace3faa3458a.png]![在这里插入图片描述][aeb7359c43a641c8b599f8d4b8dd8c70.png]
 *  测试  
    http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=5 对  
    http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=3 错
    
     *  当p1等于5的时候，阈值变为200
     *  当p1不等于5的时候，阈值就是平常的1
 *  前提条件
    
     *  热点参数的注意点，参数必须是基本类型或者String  
        ![在这里插入图片描述][c818165b0541466fb17af0a9c3b842e8.png]

### 7.其他 ###

*  手贱添加异常看看…
 *  @SentinelResource
    
     *  处理的是Sentinel控制台配置的违规情况，有blockHandler方法配置的兜底处理
 *  RuntimeException
    
     *  Int age = 10/0;这个是java运行时报出的运行时异常RuntimeExcepti- n，@SentinelResource不管
 *  总结：
    
     *  @SentinelResource主管配置出错，运行出错该走异常走异常

## 七、系统规则 ##

### 1.是什么 ###

\[https://github.c- m/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%87%AA%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81\](https://github.c- m/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%87%AA%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81)

### 2.各项配置参数说明 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][7f0bd1087e9448a3a5afa58271999ce0.png]

### 3.配置全局QPS ###

![在这里插入图片描述][4b81a24854e44ac3958259f7544ff051.png]

## 八、@SentinelResource ##

### 1.按资源名称限流+后续处理 ###

*  启动Nac- s成功
 *  启动Sentinel成功
 *  Module
    
     *  cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401
     *  POM
     *  YML

server:
      port: 8401
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848
        sentinel:
          transport:
            dashboard: localhost:8080
            port: 8719  #默认8719，应用与Sentinel控制台交互的端口，应用本地会起一个该端口占用的HttpServer
    
    management:
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: '*'

*  业务类RateLimitController

*  主启动

*  配置流控规则
 *  配置步骤  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][8f709f0e86204c8688f8699ddd56b704.png]
    
     *  图形配置和代码关系
     *  表示1秒钟内查询次数大于1，就跑到我们自定义的处理，限流
 *  测试
    
     *  1秒钟点击1下，OK
     *  超过上述问题，疯狂点击，返回了自己定义的限流处理信息，限流发生
 *  额外问题
    
     *  此时关闭微服务8401看看
     *  Sentinel控制台，流控规则消失了？？？？？
     *  临时/持久？

### 2.按照Url地址限流+后续处理 ###

*  通过访问的URL来限流，会返回Sentinel自带默认的限流处理信息
 *  业务类RateLimitController

@GetMapping("/rateLimit/byUrl")
    @SentinelResource(value = "byUrl")
    public CommonResult byUrl(){
        
        return new CommonResult(200,"按url限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial002"));
    }

*  访问一次
 *  Sentinel控制台配置  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][be324f583412484888f5a2576668950d.png]
 *  测试
    
     *  疯狂点击http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
     *  结果
     *  会返回Sentinel自带的限流处理结果  
        ![在这里插入图片描述][1a8e5a6542b94503b215b895eb673bac.png]

### 3.上面兜底方法面临的问题 ###

*  系统默认的，没有体现我们自己的业务要求。
 *  依照现有条件，我们自定义的处理方法又和业务代码耦合在一起，不直观。
 *  每个业务方法都增加一个兜底的，那代码膨胀加剧。
 *  全局统一的处理方法没有体现。

### 4.客户自定义限流处理逻辑 ###

*  创建customerBlockHandler类用于自定义限流处理逻辑
 *  自定义限流处理类
 *  方法必须是public static修饰的。

package com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.myhandler;
    
    import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
    import com.donglin.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
    
    public class CustomerBlockHandler {
        
        public static CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception){
        
            return new CommonResult(2020,"自定义限流处理信息.... CustomerBlockHandler --- 1");
        }
    
        public static CommonResult handleException2(BlockException exception){
        
            return new CommonResult(2020,"自定义限流处理信息.... CustomerBlockHandler --- 2");
        }
    }

*  RateLimitController

@GetMapping("/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler")
    @SentinelResource(value = "customerBlockHandler",
            blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class, blockHandler = "handleException2")
    public CommonResult customerBlockHandler(){
        
        return new CommonResult(200,"按客戶自定义",new Payment(2020L,"serial003"));
    }

*  启动微服务后先调用一次  
    http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler
 *  Sentinel控制台配置
 *  测试后我们自定义的出来了
 *  进一步说明  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][ef605335f0554b5684398de5179ae3d4.png]

### 5.更多注解属性说明 ###

[https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E6%B3%A8%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81][https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_wiki_E6_B3_A8_E8_A7_A3_E6_94_AF_E6_8C_81]  
![在这里插入图片描述][d9e63378b1a8415b8c6fb8edd37157ef.png]

## 九、服务熔断功能 ##

### 1.sentinel整合ribbon+openFeign+fallback ###

### 2.Ribbon系列 ###

#### 2.1 启动nacos和sentinel ####

#### 2.2 提供者9003/9004 ####

1)新建Module：cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003/9004  
2)POM

<dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.donglin.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${
        project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3)YML

server:
      port: 9003
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-payment-provider
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
    
    management:
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: '*'

*  记得修改不同的端口号  
    4)主启动

package com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class PaymentMain9003{
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args);
        }
    }

5)业务类

package com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
    
    import com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    
    @RestController
    public class PaymentController{
        
        @Value("${server.port}")
        private String serverPort;
    
        public static HashMap<Long, Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
        static{
        
            hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181"));
            hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182"));
            hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183"));
        }
    
        @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
        public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        
            Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
            CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort:  "+serverPort,payment);
            return result;
        }
    
    }

6)测试地址  
http://localhost:9003/paymentSQL/1  
http://localhost:9004/paymentSQL/1

#### 2.3 消费者84 ####

1)新建Module：cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84  
2)POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.donglin.springcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.donglin.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
                <version>${
        project.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </project>

3)YML

server:
      port: 84
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-order-consumer
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848
        sentinel:
          transport:           
            dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
            port: 8719 #默认8719，应用与Sentinel控制台交互的端口，应用本地会起一个该端口占用的HttpServer
    
    service-url:
      nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

4)主启动

package com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
    
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableFeignClients
    public class OrderNacosMain84{
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
        }
    }

5)业务类

*  ApplicationContextConfig

package com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.config;
    
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @Configuration
    public class ApplicationContextConfig{
        
        @Bean
        @LoadBalanced
        public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    }

*  CircleBreakerController的全部源码

package com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
     
    import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
    import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
    import com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;
    import com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.service.PaymentService;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class CircleBreakerController {
        
    
        public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
    
        @Resource
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
        @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
        @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") //没有配置
        //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") //blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规
        //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler", exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
        public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        
            CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/{id}", CommonResult.class,id);
            if (id == 4) {
        
                throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
            }else if (result.getData() == null) {
        
                throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
            }
            return result;
        }
    }

#### 2.4 目的 ####

fallback管运行异常  
blockHandler管配置违规  
测试地址：实现84对9003/9004的负载均衡  
http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1  
实验1.没有任何配置  
@SentinelResource(value = “fallback”)//没有配置  
给客户error页面，不友好  
![在这里插入图片描述][4189dfcd6de04717bd6198b444b9ce30.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][ca748200a87a484bb2dc5218246fa72a.png]

实验2.只配置fallback

@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback只负责业务异常
        //fallback
        public CommonResult<Payment> handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id")  Long id,Throwable e) {
        
            Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
            return new CommonResult<Payment>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
        }

测试，出现异常，会采用兜底方法展示错误消息  
http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4  
![在这里插入图片描述][9a424d2a32124645b28cc4fb7f04ccab.png]

实验3.只配置blockHandler  
@SentinelResource(value=“fallback”,blockHandler=“blockHandler”)//blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规

//blockHandler
    public CommonResult<Payment> blockHandler(@PathVariable("id")  Long id, BlockException blockException) {
        
    Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
    return new CommonResult<Payment>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException  "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
    }

*  测试，出现Java异常，无人管  
    http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][44538d1aabde4ee98bd6387fe5c8d06d.png]
 *  测试，出现查找不到数据异常，无人管  
    http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/44  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][283bcd64dc3c41a2b3d49f6e453c0cf1.png]
 *  根据异常数进行降级处理  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][b896143335ae4c86ab93df82d28b86ca.png]
 *  测试，出现异常数超过2个，降级处理  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][52f8562d77154f02aa3315f21f626683.png]

实验4.fallback和blockHandler都配置  
![在这里插入图片描述][805ec66df3424d26b948f90d93088c45.png]

*  结论  
    http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4  
    allback和blockHandler都配置：不超过降级规则执行fallback兜底处理；超过降级规则抛BlockException异常，被blockHandler处理

实验5.忽略属性…  
exceptionsToIgnore = \{IllegalArgumentException.class\}  
不考虑降级违规情况，发生IllegalArgumentException异常是不走兜底方法的。

### 3.Feign系列 ###

1.修改84模块

*  84消费者调用提供者9003
 *  Feign组件一般是消费者  
    2.POM

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
    </dependency>

3.YML

server:
      port: 84
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-order-consumer
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848
        sentinel:
          transport:
            dashboard: localhost:8080
            port: 8719
    
    service-url:
      nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

\#对Feign的支持

feign:
      sentinel:
        enabled: true

4.业务类

*  带@FeignClient注解的业务接口

package com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.service;
    
    import com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    
    @Component
    @FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider",fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)
    public interface PaymentFeignService{
        
        @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
        public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
    }

*  fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class
 *  PaymentFallbackService实现类

package com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.service;
    
    import com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.donglin.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component
    public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService{
        
        @Override
        public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        
            return new CommonResult<>(44444,"服务降级返回,---PaymentFallbackService",new Payment(id,"errorSerial"));
        }
    }

*  CircleBreakerController

// OpenFeign
    @Resource
    private PaymentFeignService paymentService;
    
    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        
        return paymentService.paymentSQL(id);
    }

5.主启动

*  添加@EnableFeignClients启动Feign的功能  
    6.http://localhost:84/consumer/paymentSQL/1  
    7.测试84调用9003，此时故意关闭9003微服务提供者，看84消费侧自动降级，不会被耗死

### 4.熔断框架比较 ###

![86886dc6ea0c4cf6a3b391eff898a6fc.png][]

## 十、规则持久化 ##

### 1.是什么 ###

一旦我们重启应用，Sentinel规则将消失，生产环境需要将配置规则进行持久化

### 2.怎么玩 ###

将限流配置规则持久化进Nacos保存，只要刷新8401某个rest地址，sentinel控制台的流控规则就能看到，只要Nacos里面的配置不删除，针对8401上Sentinel上的流控规则持续有效

### 3.步骤 ###

1.修改：cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401  
2.POM

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
        <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
    </dependency>

3.YML

server:
      port: 8401
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址
        sentinel:
          transport:
            dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
            port: 8719
          datasource:
            ds1:
              nacos:
                server-addr: localhost:8848
                dataId: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
                groupId: DEFAULT_GROUP
                data-type: json
                rule-type: flow
    
    management:
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: '*'
    
    feign:
      sentinel:
        enabled: true # 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持

4.添加Nacos业务规则配置

*  内容解析  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][70154b93878d498e81388055214f166b.png]

[
        {
        
             "resource": "/rateLimit/byUrl",
             "limitApp": "default",
             "grade": 1,
             "count": 1,
             "strategy": 0,
             "controlBehavior": 0,
             "clusterMode": false 
        }
    ]

![在这里插入图片描述][d01e06e4731a4428bcca108f377c7569.png]

5.启动8401后刷新sentinel发现业务规则有了  
![在这里插入图片描述][95079393523d40bcb783da670adc8c5e.png]

6.快速访问测试接口  
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl  
默认  
![在这里插入图片描述][b86937f482d74a3f95cbb4a2c9e7f5ab.png]

7.停止8401再看sentinel  
![在这里插入图片描述][d408b01daa6a4189ae5eda6704cf13c5.png]

8.重新启动8401再看sentinel  
扎一看还是没有，稍等一会儿  
多次调用  
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl  
重新配置出现了，持久化验证通过

[https_github.com_lidonglin-bit_cloud]: https://github.com/lidonglin-bit/cloud
[https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel
[https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_wiki_E4_BB_8B_E7_BB_8D]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D
[9616d886f0f345cfbfbb2807dd1e8646.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/d0a5426f05a545b588b947158572dc61.png
[6915b9fe40364b64b1e81a61225b9377.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/e915dc11a0e847be88e8db2be73cb1af.png
[e123d49c7cf0405f8deb5f31bc2c9673.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/0ce76276f9bc4d95ab849f1f8dab9bbd.png
[6c72908dfbfd4a64af10bdf6ce37e7c0.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/9ada44d16ac047f98b54e46b912c0c07.png
[bf96c51ad7154f74a077928a27a70b15.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/82249ebf8ce04d8b9cedf1abbf2c8bbc.png
[https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_releases]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases
[https_spring-cloud-alibaba-group.github.io_github-pages_greenwich_spring-cloud-alibaba.html_spring_cloud_alibaba_sentinel]: https://spring-cloud-alibaba-group.github.io/github-pages/greenwich/spring-cloud-alibaba.html#_spring_cloud_alibaba_sentinel
[cf27a1cc56894b7dac9acdef15c1f544.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/0ca3277d5e214d43a8fc54849ee50dbd.png
[92de4d4e166e4b10a8a53b55ad04a54e.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/a0ff0c5484e343afa2687bf23b7ab2e1.png
[https_docs.spring.io_spring-boot_docs_current_reference_html_production-ready-features.html_production-ready-endpoints]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/production-ready-features.html#production-ready-endpoints
[2267dde6f4a745c1b4ea2ce20f656777.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/f83dee63696149ecbbb11ae78fa900b3.png
[251b873f615147ae86ce826c1d59a50b.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/ad12e3690e2241c88f6a69201179bd57.png
[44a16100d8fd4e2796e53b8fcc87e980.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/f0625b0e51224f3eb36c719409914d59.png
[8f81fdf293b945f28f5ba95cd2ca4067.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/be29315cdc5b40d9a2e6e19e7b4c7f97.png
[9ea9c9a7648141bcac4507dbf4307ebf.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/c61c48951ed14c8fafd6e5c658b3e8c3.png
[82094d6e451b4985998fd2e274f4e2af.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/7bf990f5354d4ffa84a37ddd529fc77d.png
[8a84b3c5bcb54cbeb3222ee20e652f8d.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/feff15d7533d4cee888bd0921c720d26.png
[d440d6f606d842b1a234ca0ba864975f.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/c3bc359be5874e378888ebc0268eca59.png
[2e6f446ca5d7494cb019093338da7f31.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/c46f6a798fea4fcb9c62e7ff91f431cf.png
[6b29dd5b2f5d4b53a50f2f83a2379c96.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/2d67e54532f04e2da98d4e6de6b0c74b.png
[ecad399a23b84930b93838ab7a88334b.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/7a77c3dbb6b14a6280d992c168875333.png
[a9e23ea95a7c4cee8c5e6d760f0f2689.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/ce0aeeec29854cc4a189e2611a495e1a.png
[https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_wiki_E6_B5_81_E9_87_8F_E6_8E_A7_E5_88_B6_E5_9F_BA_E4_BA_8Eqps_E5_B9_B6_E5_8F_91_E6_95_B0_E7_9A_84_E6_B5_81_E9_87_8F_E6_8E_A7_E5_88_B6]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6#%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8Eqps%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91%E6%95%B0%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6
[0f2c592852f4493c880a3070d2f42cc0.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/e3e1a03fb8424254a4a335729b79b629.png
[3f7bb201874741b89620bfceefb131c1.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/d4e8f8c426594bc2b619e2a033ca4507.png
[https_github.c- m_alibaba_Sentinel_wiki_E9_99_90_E6_B5_81_E5_86_B7_E5_90_AF_E5_8A_A8]: https://github.cm/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81---%E5%86%B7%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8
[856ddd0bb3294c7f908ac72cf2a99648.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/712143094f984dfbae0dce6e36d36c60.png
[d84cc26938e846ad86078cbe72fc566f.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/a3b638b5bf864e448900b2d5135e7321.png
[a230666c3d1e46cdbc600cebab9d2103.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/68fbd357334940918af11923669ba02c.png
[b6fccac967fd4305919da915648d7e7e.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/2a3338c28e68476488b1933086a60267.png
[f51c3ff2a1ba4220bbac0b85bc53df49.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/ba9a5719bc6a49009e2146aa9b0c6c1b.png
[b7db214d187745e59db07e466e1ff988.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/7df31055c4cd4f81b6e7c689a1abd9ab.png
[246510fcd2aa4f2d8b05de6260a7e888.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/4f0d83f23bd242f98a17755ac94594dd.png
[643415dd4e9f440ba7f03fe00a783528.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/efb9917562ba43a1b10c706c0228ccc2.png
[540c663dc39947818a3b18ad6b204ff1.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/3927d2b47b574f6e80a35ed272ca7d97.png
[c8668277d72c421c929fb15a681d9e61.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/7d77e7ea344e438391a2b307c0f1f3f9.png
[896712af35114d72bd69f2f824691ae2.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/d10940f0df604ad69ef7d4a326f380bb.png
[4c2dc91950b44a48a5527a8e9db847ec.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/b5c9c871f3bd496b8407412e8a3b0c8f.png
[8ea025be302c49b484aa66cc0ab9f6bc.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/f559ec7c06ad47bb8f046a93e8b8a571.png
[9d173edbf3cf4f44990710c232331117.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/717b28fef84f45f397d470775e4b3387.png
[aa48fe42048147949afeb884732e1b42.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/30bd1daf7a7e4f9c8b7f21d97377ca7f.png
[0f07f0908b914b9c86bf02c4b190b1ae.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/6f7c9de66c7047168fdc2b66ab011d87.png
[329bfab815d646cd9193fbca2c5d72e9.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/f298aada70c445e79d990c706506861f.png
[670b17cd9b2740c08c150f1f0563f4e7.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/980ac9f1bf7f450994b21561b5415930.png
[b6276c032cab4d38bd2b63d379a8865a.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/ecc873f5a7fb4d65be40d57a6f655f68.png
[e6a3847bcd094e399f53477d8b504952.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/010f7a0d532841bbb0df734c80dc7d02.png
[94a40fade1ff4ed49a6a556ea332a954.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/9a743a483bb84603a8de61c6af8145b9.png
[433acc9255ac485cb025e3d536c9fa43.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/dc81820790c64c078dc97098dd8a89b5.png
[d069d5ad51e04ed58443009777df4b47.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/cd12a9fe8ca84e63aac15be62bad8574.png
[cbbc390bed2047cda7b41aa8751eaa48.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/ec1f36713fea43b891306a904579317f.png
[https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_wiki]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E7%82%B9%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81
[20b700e89f6041d08379755fde762b4e.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/3f5bbababf124bc4ac23c643707426fc.png
[443c523c1c354178881f11622fd8b6f5.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/436bba90fa2a4065913b97a7c6bdfcd0.png
[f2d8c91692104a998576c07a21ede059.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/8d36d7c94288416d9ad699821084e97a.png
[a0cb9138f02b44558d3836c50218429a.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/d3defaa9cf3d4e3c88d0c014aa90fa7b.png
[e02c7fd7f74d47f88ffcace3faa3458a.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e02c7fd7f74d47f88ffcace3faa3458a.png
[aeb7359c43a641c8b599f8d4b8dd8c70.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/7bf937915bb1488b9035f0a0a67dce8a.png
[c818165b0541466fb17af0a9c3b842e8.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/451e8a819eda41698e3c8e79044573c0.png
[7f0bd1087e9448a3a5afa58271999ce0.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/51f026e6b2d44e45a3cb133b31077a41.png
[4b81a24854e44ac3958259f7544ff051.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/e52b0ea0cae84abeb7be7f1f8196046b.png
[8f709f0e86204c8688f8699ddd56b704.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/2c0deff870d14d69bb82de12985c3f5b.png
[be324f583412484888f5a2576668950d.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/729743dfa399476d9f0e8b5907ab9303.png
[1a8e5a6542b94503b215b895eb673bac.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/2a914623eb6d420fb31d83a2a318b04f.png
[ef605335f0554b5684398de5179ae3d4.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/8bd86693dc4841aab0c4b800f2a55414.png
[https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_wiki_E6_B3_A8_E8_A7_A3_E6_94_AF_E6_8C_81]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E6%B3%A8%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81
[d9e63378b1a8415b8c6fb8edd37157ef.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/72579fedcfcc4a139cfe31456d86ba6e.png
[4189dfcd6de04717bd6198b444b9ce30.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/2c4a39e80cc247449126411ee90ebe60.png
[ca748200a87a484bb2dc5218246fa72a.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/a041ca69dcf24351a7cfd265d8940c19.png
[9a424d2a32124645b28cc4fb7f04ccab.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/2baceec8afc647ba9ddc384d8d0a4529.png
[44538d1aabde4ee98bd6387fe5c8d06d.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/bde499d08e2f448aa85c45aca8de93fa.png
[283bcd64dc3c41a2b3d49f6e453c0cf1.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/8b2e672d507f4f06bc3a75bd1f0a3860.png
[b896143335ae4c86ab93df82d28b86ca.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/71a8590bb24e4207830e448dd5add3d7.png
[52f8562d77154f02aa3315f21f626683.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/89d3244d50bd4e42aa0d52a14d53dd93.png
[805ec66df3424d26b948f90d93088c45.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/d6222b0efd354809b27340b11da9feb4.png
[86886dc6ea0c4cf6a3b391eff898a6fc.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/9ad3e5a7ae664a149e2d6b6af0eb0833.png
[70154b93878d498e81388055214f166b.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/2fe3b1e35a4c4882aba0fc915aebcbe8.png
[d01e06e4731a4428bcca108f377c7569.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/25d84dc0e8b04ad3a3c7d65ddcb43138.png
[95079393523d40bcb783da670adc8c5e.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/16b28a89d719478f9bd3d82a1ef37688.png
[b86937f482d74a3f95cbb4a2c9e7f5ab.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/13686c1039ae472e815a3e77f19aa4ee.png
[d408b01daa6a4189ae5eda6704cf13c5.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/8900dbeea0034959aa6b8b5fe8bfc39b.png